BellLabs 贝尔实验室的历史.ppt
Bell LabsBell Labs U.S.headquartersat New Providence,New JerseyBell Laboratories is the one who studied physics at the university of the people should have heard the name.For scientists around the world,the name is known to everybody.The laboratory of the U.S.time of the 80 years since its inception in 1925,made many important inventions and discoveries,changing the physics,but also changed the world.January 1th,1925,the then president of AT&T,Walter Gifford,acquisition of the research department of the Western electronics companies,the establishment of an independent entity called the“Bell Telephone Laboratories,Inc.”,later renamed the Bell Labs.As the most outstanding and well-known laboratory are among the world scientific community in the entire 20th century,now we talk about its achievement.nIn 1933,Karl Jansky by electrostatic noise in the long-distance communication of the research found that the galactic center in the continuous emission of radio waves,the radio waves is called the 3K background radiation.Through this research and radio astronomy.nIn 1947,Bell Labs invented the transistor.One of the inventor of the transistor.BrattonnThe Shannon(Claude Shannon)1948 publishedand laid the foundation for modern communication theory.nIn 1958,Bell Labs invented the laser.nIn 1969,Bell Labs is the birthplace of the UNIX operating system and C languageBell Labs Nobel Prize-winning scientistNo.NameAwards and award-winning reasonsAward-winning workComplete the worknationalitytimeagetimeage1C.J.DavissonThediscoveryoftheelectrondiffractionVerifythetheoryofmatterwaves1937USA2J.BardeenInvention of the transistor195650194741USA3W.H.Brittain441947454W.B.Shockley461947375P.W.AndersonStudy the magnetic and disorderedThe electronic structure of the material197754195532USA6A.A.PenziasFound the cosmic microwaveBackground The background radiation1978451963327R.Wilson42196327USA8S.Chu(朱棣文)Found the cosmic microwaveBackground The background radiation199749198537ChineseAmerican9H.StormerFound a mixed fraction charge Of the new quantum199839198233USA10D.C.Tsui(崔琦)49198243ChineseAmerican11R.C.Laughlin48198232USABell Labs Nobel Prize-winning scientistBell Labs,the type of work：Principally engaged in telecommunications technology in basic theoretical research in basic research,including mathematics,physics,materials science,behavioral science,and computer programming concepts.Systems engineering research constitutes a highly complex system of telecommunications networks.The development department is the largest department of Bell Labs,responsible for the design constitutes the Bell System telecommunications network equipment and softwareNature magazine in August 2008,reported the surprising news:With AT&T in 1996 because of financial difficulties to sell part of the branches,including Bell Labs was sold to France,Alcatel-Lucent(Alcatel after the company-Lucent),Bell Labs,from bad to worse,around May 2008,the number of it s positive researcher or professor has dropped to four or five people from the heyday of only four people,many under it,for its production basic research material factory was forced to close.The rise and fall of Bell Labs,is reminiscent of the once very brilliant Cambridge University Cavendish Laboratory,think of the Copenhagen School,Gttingen School and Columbia School.Where is next Bell Labs?China?
