2023年中考满分冲刺动词短语.docx

2023年中考满分冲刺动词短语 中学短语动词 中考经常考到的重点短语动词： 短语动词是中考的重要内容之一。在初中阶段，我们已经学习了不少短语动词，把他们加以归纳总结而进行重点复习是十分必要的。 1.连系动词be构成的短语动词： 1）be made in 在生产或制造 表示在某个地点生产或者制造，介词in的后面用表示地点的名词。例如： The red cars are made in Shanghai.这些红色的小汽车是上海生产的。 2）be made of 由生产或制造 表示由什么材料制造或者生产的，产品能够看出原材料，介词of的后面用名词作宾语。例如： This bridge is made of stones and wood.这座桥是由木材和石头造的。 （能够看出原材料石头和木材） 3）be made from 由生产或制造 表示由什么材料制造或者生产的，产品不能够看出原材料，介词from的后面用名词作宾语。例如： This kind of paper is made from the gra.这种纸张是由草生产的。 （不能看出原材料草） 随时练： Your kite looks very nice. It is _ silk, and it is _ Weifang. A.made from；made of B.made of；made from C.made of；made in D.made in；made from 2.动词come构成的短语动词 2) come along 来；随同 表示某人或者某物跟随来某个地方，同义短语是go along。例如： You can come along to his party with me.你可以随同我一起去参加他的晚会。 3) come to oneself 苏醒 表示人或动物又活过来的意思。come to的后面用反身代词。例如： The boy came to himself after the doctors hard work. 经过大夫的努力工作，这个小男孩苏醒过来了。 4) come true 实现 come true经常表示某个人的梦想经过一番努力后而实现。例如： The Chinese hundred years dream of hosting the Olympic has come true at last. 中国人民百年奥运梦想最后终于实现了。 5) come out 花开；发芽；出现；出来 come out经常表示“(花)开了、(树木)发芽了”，(某个事物)出现了。它也可以表示“某本书出版 了”的意思。例如： A lot of flowers come out when spring comes.当春天到来的时候，许多花都开了。 My fathers novel came out last month.我爸爸的小说上个月出版了。 6) come over 过来；顺便来访 come over经常表示某个人顺便拜访某人，不是经过计划，而是顺便或顺路拜访。例如： We often come over to our friends when we go out for a walk. 我们经常在散步的时候顺便拜访朋友。 7) come in 进来 反义词短语是come out。例如： May I come in? 我可以进来吗？ Come in, please.请进！ 8) come on 来吧；跟着来；赶快 come on在口语中经常用来表示催促、鼓励、安慰等，也可用来表示“加油”的意思，特别是在运动 会上。例如： Come on, my boy! I will give you something delicious to eat. 过来！我的孩子，我要给你一些好吃的东西。 9) come up with 找到；提出 短语动词come up with表示某人经过思考想出解决问题的办法，和短语动词think of是同义短语。 例如： Who has come up with this good idea? 是谁想出这个好办法的？ 随时练： 1.When will Han Hans new book _? Sorry, I dont know.I am looking forward to his new book, too. A.come on B.come out C.come in D.come over 2.我们相信，我们美好的梦想总有一天会成为现实。 We are confident that our good dreams _ some day. 3.你要的书我没有，但是让我看看能不能想点别的方法。 I dont have the book you need, but Ill see if I can _ with some other ideas. 3.动词do构成的短语动词： 1) do ones best 尽最大努力 do ones best后面经常接动词不定式，意思是“尽某人的最大努力做某事”，和try ones best是同义短语。例如： You must do your best to learn English well.你应该尽你最大努力学习好英语。 2) do well in 在干得好 do well in中介词in后要用名词、代词或者动名词作宾语，同义短语是be good at。例如： My brother does better in playing soccer than Tom.我的弟弟足球比汤姆踢得好。 3) do some reading 阅读 此短语动词是由dosome动名词构成，表示从事某项活动，类似短语还有do some shopping/ washing/ cleaning/ swimming等，这类短语与go 动名词（去从事某项活动）是同义短语， 如：do some shopping意思是“购物”，而go shopping意思是“去购物”。例如： Our teacher asks us to do some reading every day.我们的老师要求我们每天都要阅读。 4) do someone a favor帮某人忙 Can you do me a favor? 你能帮我个忙吗？ 5) do with处置, 处理 What do you often do with the waste paper? 你们经常怎样处理废纸？ 随时练： My brother _ at all.So my parents are very angry with him. A.do the homework B.do his best C.doesnt do his homework D.doesnt his homework 跟fall相关的动词短语 1) fall asleep 入睡 短语动词fall asleep是由动词形容词构成，asleep是作表语的形容词，同义短语是go to sleep。例如： We all fell asleep quickly after working for a long time. 工作了很长一段时间后我们很快就入睡了。 注意：fall与feel的过去时和过去分词的拼写易混淆： fall- fell- fell 落下，倒下 feel- felt- felt 感觉，摸（起来） 2) fall behind 落后；落在后面 短语动词fall behind是动词介词构成。例如： You will fall behind your clamates if you mi a lot of leons. 如果你落下许多功课的话，你就会落在你的同班同学的后面。 3) fall off 从掉下 短语动词fall off中的off可以是副词，也可以是介词，意思是“脱离”，可以直接接宾语。例如： My brother falls off from a big tree.我的弟弟从一棵大树上掉下来。 4) fall down 倒下；跌倒；跌下 短语动词fall down是由动词副词构成。表示从某处落下，要加from。例如： The baby falls down when she runs to her mother.这个婴儿朝妈妈跑去时跌倒了。 How was it poible to fall down from the third floor without being hurt? 从三楼掉下而没有受伤，这怎么可能呢？ 随时练： Study hard or you may _ your clamates. A.fall off B.fall into C.fall down D.fall behind 5.动词get构成的短语动词： 1) get down 下来；落下 get down是由动词副词构成。例如： The price of the house will get down next year.房子的价格明年会下来的。 2) get on 上车 get on由动词介词构成，它的反义词短语是get off表示“下车”。例如： We saw him get on the bus just now.我们刚才看到他上车了。 3) get to 到达 短语动词get to由动词介词构成，介词to的后面接表示地点的名词。如果接副词，要去掉to。 例如： Please give me a call when you get to Beijing.当你到达北京的时候请给我打个电话。 When will you get there? 你什么时候到那里？ 4) get up 起床 When do you usually get up in the morning? 你通常在早上什么时候起床？ 5) get back (回来；取回) get back由动词get副词back构成，如果宾语是代词，要放在back前。例如： Please buy some bananas for me when you get back.当你回来的时候，请给我买一些香蕉。 I never lend books; you never get them back.我的书决不外借，因为总是有去无回。 6) get off 下来；下车 get off的反义词短语是get on。例如： Dont get off until the bus has stopped.车停稳再下车。 7) get on well with sb.与某人相处融洽 get on well with sb.的同义短语是get along well with sb.例如： We get on well with the people there when we work in that village. 当我们在那个村庄工作的时候，我们与那里的人相处很融洽。 How are you getting on with your clamates? 你和你的同学相处得怎么样？ 注意：get on with 意思是“继续做”。如：Get on with your work.继续做你的工作。 8) get married 结婚 这个短语是由动词get和过去分词married构成。例如： My sister got married last month.我的姐姐上个月结婚了。 9) get ready for为做准备 We are getting read for the coming exam.我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。 10) get / be tired of对感到厌倦 The children will get tired of the book in 10 minutes.十分钟后孩子们厌倦了这本书。 随时练： 1.Dont _ the bus until it stops at last, or it is very dangerous. A.get on B.get up C.get off D.get to 2.我们的班级就像一个大家庭，我们彼此应友好相处。 Our cla is like a big family, and we should _ one another.6.动词give构成的短语动词： 1) give up 放弃 短语动词give up后要用名词或动名词形式作宾语。例如： My father has already given up smoking.我的父亲已经放弃吸烟了。 Dont give up learning English although it is a little hard. 尽管英语有点难，但不要放弃学习英语。 2) give away 赠送、捐出 The teachers give away their money to the poor students. 老师们把钱捐给那些贫穷的学生。 3) give off 散发、发出 The sun gives off light and heat.太阳发出光和热。 随时练： As a student, you should _ drinking wine too much quickly. A.give out B.give up C.give off D.give away 7.动词go构成的短语动词： 1) go on 继续 表示继续做某事要go on doing something或go on with something，with后面接名词或代词。 go on to do something意思是“接着做另一件事”。例如： Go on reading English please.请继续读英语。 After writing the new words, the teacher taught us a song. 写完生词后，我们老师教我们一首歌。 2) go over 过一遍；仔细检查 短语动词go over和动词review是同义词。例如： You must go over all your leon before the exam.考试前你一定要把所有的功课复习一遍。 3) go shopping 去买东西 go fishing去钓鱼 go hiking去徒步旅行 go skating去滑冰 Would you like to go fishing with me after school? 放学后你愿意和我一起去钓鱼吗？ 6) go straight along 沿着一直往前走 短语动词go straight along是由动词go和副词straight介词along构成，经常用来指路。 straight意思是“一直，直的”；along意思是“沿着”。例如： Go straight along this road, and you will see the hospital. 沿着这条路一直往前走，你就会看到医院。 7) go ahead先走;向前走;去吧;干吧 多用于口语中，表示去做你要做的事吧。例如： May I open the window? 我可以打开窗户吗？ Go ahead.打开吧。 8) go on a diet实行节食 Im going on a diet, so I would like some vegetables.我在节食，所以我想要点蔬菜。 9) go on a picnic去野餐 We are going on a picnic if its fine tomorrow.明天天气好的话，我们就去野餐。 随时练： My father has left.Lets _ playing computer games.I won just now. A.go for B.go over C.go on D.go out 8动词look构成的短语动词： 1) look for 寻找 短语动词look for是由动词look介词for构成，表示“寻找”的动作。如果要表示寻找的结果，要 用find，意思是“找到”。例如： What are you looking for in my room? 你在我的房间里寻找什么？ I cant find my football.Have you seen it? 我找不到我的足球了。你看到了吗？ 2) look out 留神; 注意 短语动词look out的意思是“当心、留神、注意”，由动词look和副词out构成，相当于短语动词be careful。另外短语动词look out的意思是“向外看”。例如： Look out! The car nearly hit you just now.当心！刚才那辆车差点撞着你。 He looked out of the window and found a man in the garden. 他向窗外看，发现花园里有个人。 3) look over 仔细检查 The doctor looked over the baby and found nothing wrong with him. 医生给这个婴儿作了仔细检查但没有发现什么问题。 4) look up向上看；抬头看；查阅、查字典 We looked up and saw a beautiful bird in the tree. 我们抬起头在树上看到一只漂亮的小鸟。 He often looks up some information on the internet. 他经常在互联网上查一些信息。 5) look after照顾; 照看 和take good care of是同义短语。例如： My mother is looking after the baby now.我的妈妈在照看这个婴儿。 6) look at看；观看 此短语是由动词look和介词at构成，后面要接宾语，表示“看”这一动作，与短语动词have a look at是同义短语。例如： Please look at the blackboard and read after me.请仔细看黑板并跟我读。 7) look like看起来像 此短语是由动词look和介词like构成，后面要接宾语，与短语动词be like是同义短语，但是look like更强调外表给人的感觉。例如： The baby looks like her mother very much.这个婴儿非常长得像他的妈妈。 8) look forward to 期待着 此短语中to是介词，后面要接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。例如： Everybody in my cla is looking forward to watching the football match. 我们班每个人都期待着观看那场比赛。 随时练： 1.Please _ my little dog while I am away. A.look at B.look after C.look up D.look out 2.You can _ this new word in the dictionary if you want to know its meaning. A.look up B.look for C.look over D.look after 9.动词make构成的短语动词： 1) make ones way to往走去 此短语有克服了一定的困难而走的意思。例如： Our teachers made their way through the students in the hall to the office. 我们的老师从大厅里的学生中穿过，往办公室走去。 2) make room for给腾出地方 这个短语中的room是不可数名词，意思是“地方、空间”。例如： Can you make room for your mother? 你能给你的妈妈腾个地方吗？ But there is no room here.但这里没有地方了。 3) make up ones mind下决心 这个短语的后面可接动词不定式作宾语，表示“下决心做某事”。例如： They make up their mind to help the poor boy.他们下决心帮助那个贫穷的男孩。 4) make fun of拿.开玩笑 Dont make fun of the poor boy.不要取笑那个可怜的孩子。 随时练： There are too many people here, so I cant _ for you. A.take a room B.make a room C.take room D.make room 10.动词put构成的短语动词： 1) put on上演；穿上；戴上 这个短语是由动词put和副词on构成，表示“穿、戴”这一动作。如果宾语是代词，要放在on前。 例如： My father put on his coat and went out.我的爸爸穿上他的大衣就出去了。 Put it on, please.Let me see if it fits you.请穿上它，让我看看它是否合适。 2) put up挂起；举起 这个短语有举起的意思，也有“张贴”的意思。例如： The boy put up his hand and asked some questions.那个男孩举起手问了一些问题。 Could you put up the picture? 你把这幅画贴上好吗？ 3) put down放下（某物）；写下 He put down his pen and began to listen to the teacher.他放下钢笔开始听老师讲课。 Put down my telephone number please.请记下我的电话号码。 4) put away把某物收起来 Jim, put away your books.吉姆，把你的书收起来。 OK.I will put them away in a minute.好的。我马上就收好它们。 5) put off推迟 The meeting will be put off because of the weather.会议因为天气将被推迟。 随时练： 1.The flight to Guangzhou had to be _ because of the heavy snow. A.put up B.put away C.put off D.put down 2.Please _ your hands if you have any questions to ask. A.put on B.put off C.put up D.put down 11.动词take构成的短语动词： 1) take off 脱掉衣服 这个短语还有“起飞”的意思。反义短语是put on。例如： My mother took off her coat and began to cook.我妈妈脱掉他的大衣开始做饭。 When will the plane take off? 飞机什么时候起飞？ 2) take out 取出 “从取出某物”可以用“take something out of ”。例如： Please take out a piece of paper.请取出一张纸。He took a book out of his bag.他从包里拿出一本 3) take care of照顾；照料；注意 这个短语和look after是同义短语。take good care of 意思是“好好照顾”。例如： The little girl always takes good care of her sick mother. 这个小女孩总是细心照顾有病的妈妈。 4) take part in参加（活动） Who will take part in the speech contest in your cla? 你们班谁将参加讲演比赛？ 5) take the place of取代；代替 Mr.Green will take the place of Mi Gao to be our English teacher. 格林先生将代替高老师做我们的英语老师。 随时练： Its too cold in the lab.Youd better not _ your coat.A.put away B.put on C.take off take away 12.动词talk构成的短语动词： 1) talk about谈论有关 They were talking about their plan when I got there. 当我到达那里时，他们在谈论他们的计划。 2) talk with/ to somebody和某人交谈 这个短语是由动词talk和介词with/ to构成，介词with的后面一般用名词或者人称代词的宾格形 式。例如： Who will talk with me? 谁将和我交谈？ 随时练： Do you know the young woman who your father is _? Oh, she is our new English teacher.They are _ my English homework. A.talk about; talk to B.talk to; talk of C.talking with; talking about D.talking about; talking with 13.动词turn构成的短语动词： 1) turn on 打开电灯，收音机，煤气，自来水等 Please turn on the TV.I want to watch the football match.请打开电视，我想看足球赛。 2) turn off 关上电灯，收音机，煤气，自来水等 He turned off the lights and went to bed.他关上灯上床睡觉了。 3) turn down关小；调低 经常用来表示把收音机或者电视机等的声音关小、调低。反义短语是turn up。例如： Please turn down the TV.I am doing my homework. 我正在做作业，请把电视机的声音调低。 随时练： 1.Its too noisy here.Please ask her to _ the music a little. A.turn down B.fall down C.shut down D.come down 2._ those lights, please.Dont use too much energy. A.Take off B.Put on C.Turn off D.Turn on 14.动词think构成的短语动词： 1) think of认为；想起 与come up with是同义短语。例如：What do you think of my article? 你认为我的文章怎么样？ 2) think about考虑有关They are thinking about their work.他们正在考虑他们的工作。 3) think over仔细考虑 Please think it over and tell me your decision.请认真考虑一下，告诉我你的决定。 随时练： What do you _ China? I like it very much. A.think of B.think over C.think about D.think to 其他短语动词： 1) belong to属于 此短语一般不用于被动语态，其中to是介词，后面要接宾格。例如： The bigger bag belongs to me.那个较大的包是我的。 2) bring up抚养长大 He was brought up in his grandparents home.他是在祖父母家长大的。 3) catch (a) cold着凉;伤风 I caught a bad cold last week.上周我感冒了。 4) come acro遇见 I came acro an old school friend in the street this morning. 今天早上我在大街碰见一位老校友。 5) depend on依靠，依赖，取决于 All living things depend on the sun for their growth.万物生长靠太阳。 6) dre up 穿着打扮 这个短语的后面用反身代词即dre up oneself。例如： My little sister can dre up herself when she is five years old. 我的小妹妹在五岁的时候就会自己穿着打扮。 7) dream of 梦想 这个短语经常表示某人梦想成为什么人或梦到什么，介词of的后面用动名词形式作宾语。例如： My little brother dreams of being a policeman in the future. 我的小弟弟梦想将来成为一名警察。 8) enjoy oneself过得愉快 Did you enjoy yourself at the party? 晚会玩得愉快吗？ 9) laugh at嘲笑 Please dont laugh at him.请不要嘲笑他。 10) leave for动身去 He has left for Shanghai.他已经动身去上海了。 11) pay for付.钱; 此短语主语一般为人，后面接钱数和接受钱的人作宾语，for后面要接所买的东西。例如： I paid him 20 dollars for his old bike.我付给他20美元买了他的旧自行车。 12)