2023年文学导论.docx

2023年文学导论 文学导论 作者与作品： Plato柏拉图 The Republic 理想国 Giovanni Boccaccio薄伽丘 Decameron 十日谈 M.D.Cervantes塞万提斯Don Quixote de la Mancha 堂吉诃德 Francois Rabelais拉伯雷Gargantua and Pantagruel 巨人传 William Congreve威廉.康格里夫Incognita：Or,Love and Duty Reconciled隐姓埋名 Daniel Defoe笛福Robinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记 Nathaniel Hawthorne霍桑The Scarlet Letter红字 Young Goodman Brown好小伙布朗 Herman Melville赫尔曼.梅尔维尔Moby-Dick鲸（莫比-迪克） Aristotle亚里士多德Poetics诗学 Washington Irving欧文Rip Van Winkle拮取花温 William Faulkner福克纳A Rose for Emily献给Emily的一朵玫瑰 John Updike厄普代克A&P Jack London杰克伦敦Call of the Wild野性的呼唤 George Orwell奥威尔Animal Farm动物庄园 F.Scott Fitzgerald斯科特.菲茨杰拉德The Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨比 J.D.Salinger塞林格The Catcher in the Rye麦田里的守望者 E.M.Forster福斯特Aspects of the Novel Charles Dickens狄更斯Great Expectations远大前程（孤星血泪） Kate ChopinThe Story of an Hour Charlotte Bront夏洛特.勃朗特Jane Eyre简爱 Thomas Hardy托马斯.哈代The Poor Man and the Lady穷人和妇人 Desperate Remedies绝望的补救措施 Under the Greenwood Tree绿茵树下 The Hand of Ethebeta Far from the Madding Crowd 远离尘嚣 The Return of the Native还乡 The Woodlanders The Mayor of Casterbridge布卡卡斯特桥 Te of the DUrbervilles苔丝 Jude the Obscure无名英雄 The Winter Words冬天的话 Charles Dickens狄更斯David Copperfield大卫.科波菲尔 Little Dorritt小杜丽 The Pickwick Papers匹克威克传 Oliver Twist雾都孤儿 Nicholas Nickleby尼古拉斯.尼克贝 The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店 Bleak House荒凉山庄 Hard Times艰难时世 A Tale of Two Cities双城记 Great Expectations远大前程 Nathaniel Hawthorne霍桑Twice-Told Tales再讲一遍的故事 Moes from an Old Manse古宅青苔(it includes some of his best short stories:Young Goodman Brown好小伙布朗,The Celestial Railroad,Rappaccinis Daughter拉伯西尼医生的女儿) The Scarlet Letter红字 The House of the Seven Gables带七个尖顶的阁楼 The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇 The Marble Faun玉石人像 The Life of Franklin Pierce Our Old Home William Faulkner福克纳A Rose for Emily The Marble Faun大理石牧神 Soldiers Pay士兵的报酬 Sartoris沙多里斯 The Sound and the Fury喧哗与骚动 As I Lay Dying我弥留之际 Sanctuary圣殿 Light in August八月之光 Absalom!Absalom!押沙龙，押沙龙！ The Unvanquished不败者 The Hamlet村子 Go Down Moses去吧，摩西 Intruder in the Dust坟墓的闯入者 Knights Gambit Requiem for a Nun修女安魂曲 A Fable寓言 The Town镇 The Mansion大宅 The Reivers掠夺者 William Shakespeare莎士比亚Sonnet 18十四行诗 The Comedy of Errors错误的喜剧 The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记 A Midsummer Nights Dream仲夏夜之梦 The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人 The Twelfth Night第十二夜 As You Like It皆大欢喜 Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱丽叶 Julius Caesar朱利叶斯.凯撒 Hamlet哈姆雷特 King Lear李尔王 Macbeth麦克白 Othello奥赛罗 The Winters Tale冬天的故事 The Tempest暴风雨 Robert Frost弗罗斯特A Boys Will少年的意志 North of Boston波士顿以北 Mountain Interval山间 New Hampshire新罕布什尔 Collected Poems诗歌选集 A Further Range又一片牧场 A Witne Tree一颗作证的树 Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening雪夜林边小驻 Mending Wall修墙 Birches白桦树 After Apple-picking摘苹果之后 The Road Not Taken未选择的路 名词解释： 一、What is literature? Literature is imatation, is function, is an expreion of emotions. 二、What is fiction? It is a vague and general term for any literary narrative which is an account of imagined or invented events instead of something that in fact happened.The world of fiction is a world of the poible or the probable, rather than the actual. 三、Elements of fiction. 1、Plot: is the plan, design, arrangement and organization of interrelated events and characters in such a way as to induce curiosity and suspense in the reader.It is an intellectual formulation about the relations among the incident and is, therefore, a guiding principle for the author and an ordering control for the reader. 故事是按时间顺序安排的事件的叙述，情节也是事件的叙述，重点在因果关系上。 l Exposition阐述：provides the eential background information the reader needs to make sense of the situation in which the characters are placed and the actions take place.l Conflict冲突；斗争：is the tension between characters, or the actual opposition of characters.l Climax高潮：is the moment at which a crisis is reached and resolution achieved.l Denouement结局：is the event or events following the climax at the end of a fiction.It is the resolution of the conflict or conflicts. 2、Character: characters are the persons represented in a dramatic or narrative work, who are interpreted by the reader as being endowed with particular moral, intellectual, and emotional qualities by inferences from the dialogue and the action, but not always people.It must have some distinct human qualities.l A hero(heroine): is the character on whom a novel or story centers.l Main or major characters主角: are those who are important to the plot and are in close and dynamic relation with the protagonist.l Minor characters配角: are those in remote relations with the protagonist.l A “flat character”扁平人物: also called a “type”, is built around “a single idea or quality”.l A “round character”圆形人物：is one who is complex and fully developed. 3、Setting: An event takes place in a particular time and place.This particular time and place is referred to as “setting”. 4、Point of view: A point of view is the vantage point from which an author presents a story. 5、Symbol: a symbol is “something chosen to stand for or represent something else, usually because of a resemblance in qualities or characteristics”. 6、Theme: The theme of a piece of fiction is the meaning or concept the reader is left with after reading it. 四、What is poetry? Poetry诗: is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings; is eentially rhythmic, usually metrical and rhymed, and frequently structured in stanzas. 1、Diction措辞: refers to the choice of words, sentence structures and figurative language in a literary work, and to the manner or mode of verbal expreion. 2、Imagery意象: refers to the verbal creation of any experience in the mind, which may be auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory, gustatory, kinesthetic, or even organic. 3、Sound: sound in poetry refers to the vocal rhythms and the sounds words make. 4、Rhythm韵律: is the regular recurrence or alternation of contrasting elements of sound or speech, such as streed and unstreed syllables in poetry. 5、Symbol: a symbol may refer to something that means more than what it literally is, something that has both a literal and figurative meaning. 文学导论 文学通论导论目录 课程名称德语文学导论 (上) 动物庄园读后感英美文学导论 护理学导论导论 护理导论 教学导论 艺术导论 通信导论 通信导论