英语四级考试翻译练习.ppt

英语四级翻译练习英语四级翻译练习翻译题型有三大考点：翻译题型有三大考点：l1.固定搭配考点固定搭配考点：名词与动词搭配，形容词与名名词与动词搭配，形容词与名词搭配词搭配，动词与副词的修饰关系，名词与介词搭动词与副词的修饰关系，名词与介词搭配配，固定词组以及固定表达固定词组以及固定表达l2.核心语法考点：核心语法考点：虚拟语气虚拟语气，倒装结构、从句、倒装结构、从句、非谓语动词等。非谓语动词等。l3.核心动词以及动词短语的考查。核心动词以及动词短语的考查。虚拟语气一：由虚拟语气一：由“if”引导的虚拟句子引导的虚拟句子(1).与现在的事实相反：If-+were/did-,-+woulddo(2).与过去的事实相反：If-+haddone-,-+wouldhavedone(3).与将来的事实可能相反：If-+shoulddo-,-+woulddo虚拟语气虚拟语气二：用在表示要求、建议、命令二：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中等的名词从句中从句谓语形式为：从句谓语形式为：“-(should)+dosth”(在美语中should常省去)。l类似用法的动词有：linsist(坚持),suggest(建议),order(命令),propose(建议),demand(要求),command(命令),advise(建议),desire(要求、请求),request(请求),require(需要、要求),ask(要求),prefer(宁愿),recommend(推荐),arrange(安排),advocate(拥护、提倡),maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。虚拟语气虚拟语气第三种：用在表示必须、重要、第三种：用在表示必须、重要、令人惊奇、可能（不可能）等意义的形容令人惊奇、可能（不可能）等意义的形容词作表语的句型中词作表语的句型中l“It+be+important(,necessary,natural,essential,strange,absurd,amazing,annoying,desirable,surprising,vital,advisable,anxious,compulsory,crucial,imperative,eager,fitting,possible,impossible,improper,obligatory,probable,preferable,strange,urgent等,以及以及insisted,suggested,ordered,requested,arranged,recommended等)+that-”结构中的结构中的that 引引导的主语从句中导的主语从句中 用用 should+动词原形动词原形虚拟语气虚拟语气四：用在四：用在It is time that-结构中结构中,表示表示“该干某事了该干某事了”,含建议的意思含建议的意思,用动词用动词过去式。过去式。lIt is time(that)we went to bed.咱们该睡咱们该睡觉了。觉了。注意注意:time 前可加前可加about(表示表示“大大约约”)或或high(表示表示“强调强调”)等。等。虚拟语气五虚拟语气五l对过去的事实进行推测由might/could/must/couldnthavedone/beenl对目前的状态推测might/may/mustbe虚拟语气虚拟语气6l表示”本应该”“本来可能”发生而实际并没有发生的情况:should/could/mighthavedonelHemighthavecaughttheflighttoTokyo,buthewasdelayedbyatrafficjam.倒装倒装1l1当当“only+状语状语”位于句首表示强调时用倒装位于句首表示强调时用倒装，如不在句首或虽在句首但不修辞状语时用正常语序。lOnlywhenyouhaveobtainedsufficientdatacanyoucometoasoundconclusion.只有当你获得足够的数据时，你才能得出正确的结论。l2never等具有否定意义的词或词组居于句首时用倒装等具有否定意义的词或词组居于句首时用倒装。l这类词或词组常用的有：never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,notuntil,bynomeans,undernocircumstances,undernocondition,innoway(决不),innocase(决不),neither(nor),nosooner(than),hardly(when),barely(仅仅，几乎不),onnoaccount,innocircumstances(决不),notabit,nowhere,notonlybutalso等。倒装倒装23the more,the more结构中的倒装。结构中的倒装。4倒装让步句型倒装让步句型 形式一：表语形式一：表语+as+主语（代词）主语（代词）+系动词，系动词，+主主句句 Proudasthesenoblesare，theyareafraidtoseeyou.形式二：表语形式二：表语+系动词系动词+主语（名词），主语（名词），+主句主句 NobodyknowssuchisAlbertEinstein,agreatphysicist 形式三：副词或动词原型形式三：副词或动词原型+as+主语主语，+主句主句 Tryaswemight,wecouldnotaccomplishitontime.强调句强调句1It is/was+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who 注意：l强调句型中的系动词除is和was之外，没有其他形式的变化;l被强调部分如果是人，可以用who,也可以用that,其他情况用that（常识性知识，一般不作为考点）。l在notuntil句型里，如果强调由until所引导的时间状语时，not须跟在until之前，构成Itisnotuntilthat结构。l强调的如果是原因状语从句，只能由because引导，不能由since,as或why引导。Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththeserioussituation.否定句否定句:部分否定句部分否定句l概括词概括词all,both,every,everybody,everything,everywhere,always,altogether,entirely和wholly等。lThereisafamousproverbsayingthatallthatglittersisnotgold.lDontyoubetoldthat_bothofthebooksarenothelpful_(这两本书并非都是有益的)lAlthoughmostpeoplelikemusic,_everyonedontwanttogototheconcert(但并非人人都想去听音乐会)否定句否定句:完全否定句完全否定句lno,none,nobody,nowhere,neither,never等否定词+肯定式谓语lAllhisplancametonothing_(他的一切计划都泡汤了),sodontcountonhisfulfillingthetaskontime.lHeissoexcitedthatnoneofthewordscandescribehisfeelings(他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容的)否定句否定句:双重否定句双重否定句l其形式一为：主语+cannot+help/refrain/keep+from+动名词，具有双重否定的意义。Havingwonthegoldmedal,_hecouldnotrefrainfromshowinghispleasure._(他禁不住喜形于色)l其形式二为：主语+cannot+but/choosebut/helpbut+动词原形。lWecouldnothelpbutlookforanotheronetostayin._(我们别无选择只好另投旅馆住宿)，sinceallthehotelsherearewithsigns“BeBookedUp”.l其形式三为：（Therebe）no+主语+but+谓语。在此句型中，but是关系代词，即代替前面的名词，又引导后面的从句，并且具有否定意义。lHeissodevotedtohisexperimentthatnot a man/no man butfelthislovetohiscareer(没有人感觉不到他对事业的热爱)。l1.Wecouldnothelplaughing(我们忍不住笑起来)whenhefinishedthestory.l2.Onecannotbutbemovedbyhisdeeds(人们不能不被他的事迹所感动)afterknowingthebachelorhasadoptedfiveorphans.l3.Dontalwayssticktoroutines,andyoumustknowthereisnorulebuthasitsexceptions_(没有无例外的规则)倍数表示句型倍数表示句型形式一：主语+be+倍数+thatof+被比较对象或as+形容词+as+被比较对象lBythattimeweshallproducefourtimesasmuchgrainaswedidin2006(生产的粮食将增加3倍)。形式二：主语+increase/rise/attain+(to)倍数+comparedwith+被比较对象lThenewbuildingsareawillbeattainto2timesoftheoldone_(将是旧楼的两倍)。形式三：主语+increase+（by）百分数+comparedwithlTheoutputofJuneinourfactoryincreasedby150%comparedwiththatofMay.l1.Theaverageincomeofthestaffhasbeenincreasedby50percentcomparedwithlastyear(与去年相比增加了50%)l2.Thesizeofthenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthatofthepreviousone(是以前的四倍大).l3.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproducedtwiceasmanytrucksin2000astheyearbefore(2000年能生产的卡车是往年的两倍)英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案1.四级大纲样题四级大纲样题l87.Thesubstancedoesnotdissolveinwater_(不管是否加热).l88.Notonly_(他向我收费过高)，buthedidntdoagoodrepairjobeither.l89.Yourlossesintradethisyeararenothing_(与我的相比).l90.Onaverage,itissaid,visitorsspendonly_(一半的钱)inadayinLeedsasinLondon.l91.Bycontrast,Americanmothersweremorelikely_(把孩子的成功归因于)naturaltalent.英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案1.Keys to四级大纲样题四级大纲样题l87.whether(itis)heatedornotl88.Notonlydidhechargemetoomuch或Nparedwithmine或incomparisonwithminel90.halfasmuch(money)l91.toattribute/ascribetheirchildrenssuccessto英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案2.2006.06l87Havingspentsometimeinthecity,hehadnotrouble_(找到去历史博物馆的路).l88_(为了挣钱供我上学),Motheroftentakesonmoreworkthanisgoodforher.l89Theprofessorrequiredthat_(我们交研究报告).l90Themoreyouexplain,_(我愈糊涂).l91Thoughaskilledworker,_(他被公司解雇了)lastweekbecauseoftheeconomiccrisis.英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案2.Keys to 2006.06l87.findingthewaytothehistorymuseuml88.Inordertosupportmyuniversitystudies(或：tofinancemyeducation;topayformyeducation/topaymytuitionfees)l89.we(should)handinour/theresearchreport(s)l90.themoreconfusedIaml91.hewasfiredbythecompany英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案3.2006.12l87.Specialistsininterculturalstudiessaythatitisnoteasyto_(适应不同文化中的生活).l88.SincemychildhoodIhavefoundthat_(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).l89.Thevictim_(本来有机会活下来)ifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime.l90.Somepsychologistsclaimthatpeople_(出门在外时可能会感到孤独).l91.Thenationspopulationcontinuestorise_(以每年1200万人的速度).英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案3.Keys to 2006.12l87.adaptoneselftolife/livingindifferentculturesl88.nothingismoreattractivetomethanreading或tome,nothingismoreimportantthanreadingl89.wouldhavehadachancetosurvive或wouldhavesurvivedl90.mightfeellonelywhentheyarefarfromhome/arenotintheirhometown/traveling.l91.ataspeed/rateof12millionperyear或atanannualspeedof12million英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案4.2007.06l87.Thefindingofthisstudyfailedto_(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).l88.ThepreventionandtreatmentofAIDSis_(我们可以合作的领域).l89.Becauseoftheleginjury,theathlete_(决定退出比赛).l90.Tomakedonationsorformoreinformation,please_(按以下地址和我们联系).l91.Pleasecomehereattentomorrowmorning_(如果你方便的话).英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案4.Keys to 2007.06l87.takepeoplessleepquality/qualityofsleepintoaccount/considerationl88.afieldinwhichwecanworktogether/afieldinwhichwecancooperatel89.decidedtoquitthematchl90.contactusatthefollowingaddressl91.atyourconvenience/ifitisconvenientforyou英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案5.2007.12l87_(多亏了一系列的新发明),doctorscantreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.l88Inmysixties,onechangeInoticeisthat_(我比以前更容易累了).l89Iamgoingtopursuethiscourse,_(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).l90Iwouldprefershoppingonlinetoshoppinginadepartmentstorebecause_(它更方便和省时).l91ManyAmericansliveoncredit,andtheirqualityoflife_(用他们能够借到多少来衡量的),nothowmuchtheycanearn.英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案5.Keys to 2007.12l87.Thanksto/becauseofaseriesofnewinventionsl88.Ihavebeenmorelikelytogettiredthanbefore/Igettiredmoreeasilythanbeforel89.nomatteratwhatexpense(cost)/nomatterwhatIhavetosacrifice(pay)/wouldhavetosacrifice(pay)l90.theformer/shoppingonlineismoreconvenientandefficient(time-saving)(cansavemoretime)l91.ismeasuredintermsofhowmuchtheycanborrow英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案6.2008.06l87.Oureffortswillpayoffiftheresultsofthisresearch_.(能应用于新技术的开发)l88.Icantbootmycomputernow.Something_(一定出了毛病)withitsoperationsystem.l89.Leavingonesjob,_,(不管是什么工作),isadifficultchangeevenforthosewholookforwardtoretiring.l90._,(与我成长的地方相比)，thistownismoreprosperousandexciting.l91._(直到他完成使命)didherealizethathewasseriouslyill.英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案6.Keys to 2008.06l87.canbeappliedtothedevelopmentofthenewtechnology.l88.mustbewrongl89.whateverjobitis/nomatterwhatjobitisl90.ComparedwiththeplacewhereIgrewupl91.Notuntilhehadfinishedthemission英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案7.2008.12l87.Medicalresearchersarepainfullyawarethattherearemanyproblems_(他们至今还没有答案).l88._(大多数父母所关心的)isprovingthebesteducationpossiblefortheirchildren.l89.Youdbettertakeasweaterwithyou_（以防天气变冷）.l90.Throughtheproject,manypeoplehavereceivedtrainingand_（决定自己创业）.l91.Theanti-virusagentwasnotknown_（直到一名医生偶然发现了它）.英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案7.Keys to 2008.12l87.(that/which)theyhaventfoundsolutionto)l88.Whatmostparentsconcernl89.incaseit(should)turncold.l90.decidedtolaunchtheirownenterprisel91.untiladoctordiscovereditbychance.英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案8.2009.06l87.Soonafterhetransferredtothefoundthathenewschool,Alihad_(很难跟上班里的同学)inmathandEnglish.88.Ifshehadreturnedanhourearlier,Mary_(就不会被大雨淋着了).89.Itissaidthatthosewhoarestressedorworkingovertimeare_(更有可能增加体重).90.(很多人没有意识到的)_isthatSimonisaloverofsports,andfootballinparticular.91.Thestudyshowsthatthepoorfunctioningofthehumanbodyis_(与缺乏锻炼密切相关).英语四级历年翻译真题及答案英语四级历年翻译真题及答案8.Keys to 2009.06l87.difficulty(in)catchingupwithhisfellowclassmates88.wouldnothavebeencaughtintheheavyrain89.morelikelytogain/putonweight90.Whatisnotrealizedbymanypeople/Whatmanypeopledonotrealize91.closelyrelatedtothelackofexercise四级翻译练习四级翻译练习Test 1l87无论是谁申请这份工作，he/shemusttakethewrittenexam.l88.Onlywiththehelpofyourfather你才能买得起一幢大房子。l89Ifyouhaveanypositionavailable,please在你方便的时候联系我。l90.Thingsaregoingfrombadtoworse,and当局应该立刻采取行动。l91.我本可以昨天提交报告，butmycomputerbrokedown.Keysto Test 1l87.Nomatterwho/Whoeverappliesforthejob.l88.canyouaffordabighouse.l89.contactmeatyourconvenience/whenitisconvenienttoyou.l90.theauthoritiesshouldtakeimmediateaction.l91.Icouldhavehandedin/submittedthereportyesterday.Test 2l87.Withtheeffortsfromthegovernment,suchproblem必将逐步得到解决.l88.使用核能的一个优点isthatitwontcauseairpollution.l89.Afteryouroperation,wearsunglassesand不要把眼睛暴露在太阳之下。l90.Heissomeanthatundernocircumstances我向他寻求帮助。l91.Thereisnodenyingthefactthat社会的进步是建立在和谐基础上的。Keys to Test 2l87.willcertainlybesolvedstepbystep.l88.Anadvantageofusingnuclearenergy.l89.dontexposeyoureyestothesun.l90.shall/willIturntohimforhelp.l91.theprogressofthesocietyisbasedonharmony.Test 3l87.Thissupermarketputcommoditiesofbadqualityonshelves,which损害了消费者的利益。l88.Heisrunningforpresident,andforhim没有比这一次选举更重要的事了now.l89.Nowadaysmanybigcitiesintheworld不得不遭受交通堵塞之苦.l90.Youshouldknowhowtoovercomethedifficultiesyoumeet,and怎样让自己去适应新的环境。l91.Never我不会放弃我的梦想eventhoughthewholeworldareagainstme.Keys to Test 3l87.harmstheinterestsofconsumers.l88.nothingismoreimportantthanthiselectionl89.havetosufferfromtrafficjaml90.howtoadjust/adaptyourselftothenewenvironment.l91.willIgiveup/abandonmydreams.Test 4l87.Asisknowntoall,toys对于我们的童年是不可或缺的。l88.Whathesaid唤起了听众的同情，andtheyallbegantogivemoneytohim.l89.Thegreaterthepopulationintheworld,消耗的食物就越多。l90.Youareabigboynow,andyoushouldlearn怎样在学习与玩之间保持平衡。l91.无论你给他多少建议，hestilldoeswhathewants.Keys to Test 4l87.areindispensabletoourchildhood.l88.arousedthesympathyof/fromtheaudience.l89.themorefoodisbeingconsumed.l90.howtokeepthebalancebetweenstudyandplay.l91.Nomatterhowmuchadviceyougivehim.Test 5l87.随着工商业的发展,thenumberoftreesinmanybigcitieshasdramaticallyreduced.l88.Travelcanwidenourknowledge,扩大我们的眼界,andmakeoneopen-mindedaswell.l89.Carsareresponsibleformostofthesmogincities,这已经对环境造成了严重的污染.l90.Modernizationwillbeentirelypossibleinthefirsthalfofthe21stcentury,aslongaswe坚持认为thateconomicdevelopmentisthecenterofallourwork.l91.Hewasconvincedonthebasisof当时已出现的情况thattherewouldbealonganddifficultstruggle.Keys to Test 5l87.Withindustriesandbusinessdevelopingquicklyl88.broadenourhorizonl89.whichhasseriouslypollutedtheenvironmentl90.holdontheidea/insistontheidea/sticktotheideal91.whathadappearedbythenTest 6l87.我原以为自己会被奖励，butinfactIgotnothing.l88.Lastyearalargeamountofmoney花在环境保护上.l89.Inviewofhisgoodrecordsandworkexperience我毫无保留地向您推荐他.l90.Thisnoveliswellreceivedbythereaders,and据说已经被翻译成了英语.l91.Thisplace以其优美的景色给我留下了深刻的印象,andIwishtogothereagain.Keys to Test 6l87.hadthoughtthatIwouldbeawardedl88.wasspentonenvironmentalprotectionl89.recommendhimtoyouwithoutreservationl90issaidtohavebeentranslatedintoEnglish.l91.impressedmedeeplywithitsbeautifulscenery.Test7l87.无论我们遇到怎样的困难,Iamsurewecanovercomeit.l88.Thoughshehasboughtmanyclothes,sheisalways抱怨缺少合适的衣服.l89.Itissurprisingthathe竟然责骂他的女朋友inthestreet.l90.Theactoraswellashisassistants正在去机场的路上.l91.Shefailedinthemathexamagain,whichhasmadeher失去了在数学方面的信心.Keys to Test 7l87.Nplainingabout/oflackingsuitableclothesl89.shouldscoldhisgirlfriendl90.isonhiswaytotheairportl91.loseherconfidenceinmathTest8l87.Hewasarrestedbythepolicebecausehe对这场交通事故负有责任。l88.Hecouldnotarriveontime,and不得不再安排一次约定会面withthedentist.l89.You本不必亲自道歉becauseIhavegotyourletteryesterday.l90.Beinganhonest,he宁愿不及格也不作弊intheexam.l91.Ifyouwanttobeasalesman,youhaveto习惯同陌生人打交道。Keys to Test 8l87.wasresponsibleforthetrafficaccidentl88.hadtoarrangeforanotherappointmentl89.neednothaveapologizedinpersonl90.wouldratherfailthancheatl91.getaccustomed/usedtodealingwithstrangers.Test 9l82.Theroomisinaterriblemess,soit肯定没有打扫过。l83.Thetrafficpolicetoldthesurroundingpeoplethatthetruckdriver对这起严重的交通事故负责任。l84.Manybigcitiesintheworld正面临这淡水资源短缺的问题l85.Wedbetterstruggleforthefuture而不是为过去而懊悔。l86.给我印象最深的wereherlivelinessandsenseofhumor.Keys to Test 9l82.canthavebeencleanedl83.shouldberesponsiblefortheserioustrafficaccidentl84.arefacingtheproblemoflack/shortageofwaterresources.l85.ratherthanregretforthepastl86.WhatimpressedmemostTest 10l87.Thisisoneofthemanyhousesherewhich在暴风雨中损坏的。l88.Weshouldbuildmoremuseumsandgalleriesto满足人们日益增长的需求。l89.Thiskindofcomputerviruswill对网络安全造成威胁。l90.Wewilllkeepyourapplicationonfileand随时通知你空缺的职位。l91.Infact,itisadvisablethat我们提前完成项目。Keys to Test 10l87.weredestroyedinthestorml88.meetthegrowing/increasingneeds/demandofpeoplel89.poseatreattonetworksecurityl90.informyouoftheopeningatanytimel91we(should)finish/completetheprojectaheadoftime/inadvance.Test 11l87.Itisreportedthat(在一系列丑闻之后)hefinallyresigned.l88.一想到面试,shewillbecomeextremelynervous.l89.Itwasamiraclethathe在半年前的空难中幸存。l90.Iamwritingtoapologizefor没有提前打电话取消会议。l91.Medicalevidencesuggeststhat大多数人会享有更健康的身体iftheyeatlessrefinedfood.Test 11 Keysl87.afteraseriesofscandals.88.Atthethoughtoftheinterviewl89.survivedtheaircrashhalfayearago.l90.notcallinginadvance/aheadoftimetocancelthemeetingl91.mostpeoplecanenjoybetterhealthTest12l87.Ijustmetherafewdaysbefore,andIdontknow她和室友相处的怎么样。.l88.Iamverytired,andhaveto每两三个台阶停下来休息。l89.Itishightimehe在这个大选年履行早先的承诺。,l90.冒着破产的危险,heinvestedallhismoneyinthisfactory.l91.Thepoliticalcrisis严重影响了社会稳定inthiscountry.Test 12 Keysl87.howshegetsalongwithherroommatesl88.stoptoresteveryfourorthreestepsl89.fulfilled/carriedouthisearlypromisesinthiselectionyearl90.Attheriskofgoingbankrupt/Runningtheriskofgoingbankruptl91.hasseriouslyaffectedsocialstabilityTest13l87.Ouronlyrequestisthat这个争端被尽快解决l88.Hisgirlfriendlefthimbecausehe对她遭受的痛苦漠不关心l89.据估计到2010年,thepopulationoftheworldwillhavereached7billion.l90.Thiscomprehensivetestisintendedto巩固你所学的inthepas