英式英语与美式英语区别.ppt
merican&BritishEnglish经贸三班经贸三班范唯范唯ifferences betweenDAlDifferences GrammarlReason Pronunciation SpellingTHANK YOUuReason17thcenturyEnglandAmericaNoahWebster（诺厄.韦伯斯特）?uNoahWebster诺厄诺厄.韦伯斯特韦伯斯特HepublishedthefirsteditionofhisAnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagein1828.uPronunciationStress（重音）first-syllablestressinAmEsecond-syllablestressinBrE.laboratory英laboratory美laboratory以以ary和和ory和和ate结尾的词，结尾的词，英音重音英音重音 第二音节，美音第二音节，美音 第一音节：第一音节：donate英英donate 美美donate大多数复合词英音中的重音放在后，美音放在前：大多数复合词英音中的重音放在后，美音放在前：英英beefsteakelsewhere美美beefsteakelsewhere 反例反例:英英baseball美美baseballBrEBrE AmEAmE WordsWords/i/de evolutionA2,B2,e epochA2/o/ho omosexualB2,pro oduce/bana ana,ja avaA2/i/leieisureA2,me edievalA2/e/compa atriot,pa atriotB2/a/dy ynasty,pri ivacyB2/z/s/diagnos seA2,eras se/e/a amenA2,toma ato/pro ogress wroth/acco omplice,acco omplish,/o ofA2,fro omA2,wa asA2,Singledifferences/t/Huguenotot/a/MoscowowA2/u/broooochA2/i/pi i(t)taB2/i/beeeenB2/i/t/nicheicheA2,B2/j/ju/milieuieu/ju/u/barracu uda,pu uma/fa alconA2/s/z/as sthma/sk/schscheduleB2/t/AnththonyA2,B2/ts/z/piazzzzaA2/u/Bu uddhaA2/bru usque,hu ummus/u/a/rououteA2/u/o/cantalououp(e)/o/co overtA2,B2/a/i/eieitherA2,B2,neieitherA2,B2,/i/a/albi ino,mi igraine/phenomeno on/i/e/the eta,ze eta/a/mi inorityA2,B2,pri imer/e/a ateB2/z/us/chanteuseeuse,masseuseeuse/e/pa atentA2,B2,comra ade/Amo os,condo om,/AsisiaB2,versisionB2/o/thoroughough,/r/sirupA2,squirrirrel/si/cassissia,CassissiusA2/z/Dionys sius/zi/transisientA2,nausesea/ti/consortitium/u/ju/cououponA2,/e/i/de eityA2,B2,Hele ene,/ju/w/igu uana,jagu uar/zi/Frasisier,Parisisian,/twa atB2/wra ath/t/nougatat/r/quararkA2,B2/a/u/nouousA2/booththB2/di/di/cordidiality/d/d/suggggestA2/e/nonpareieil/e/templa ate/e/t/tourniquetet/nonse ense/e envelopeA2,B2/Ke entucky/tra apeze/(r)/r/errerrA21Latin-derivedspellings1.1-our,-or1.2-re,-er2Greek-derivedspellings2.1-ise,-ize(-isation,-ization)3Droppede4samemeaningdifferentwordsuSpelling-our,-orBritishEnglish：-our colour,neighbour,humour AmericanEnglish：-or color,neighbor,humor -re,-er British spellings :-re centre,kilometre,theatre American spellings:-er center,kilometer,theateruLatin-derived spellings-ise,-ize(-isation,-ization)American spelling:-ize organize,realize,recognize.British spelling :-ize and-ise organize/organise,realize/realise,recognize/recognise.uGreek spellingsBritish:ageing,routeing,swingeingAmerican:aging,routing,swinginge?uDropped EAmerican British公寓 apartment flat洗手间 bathroom/restroomtoilet罐头can tin 糖果 candy sweets 玉米 corn maize 电梯 elevator lift橡皮擦 eraser rubber 一楼 first floor ground floor 手电筒 flashlight torch 垃圾桶 garbage can dustbin 汽油 gas gasoline petrol 薯片 potato chips crisp 足球 soccer football 人行道 sidewalk pavement uSame meaning different worduGrammarUse of the Present PerfectPossessionUse of the verb GetWill/ShallUse of prepositions Use of the Subjunctive Collective NounsAuxiliary verb+doHehasgonehome.(BE)Hewenthome.ORHehasgonehome.(AE)Haveyougotacar?(BE)Doyouhaveacar?ORHaveyougotacar?(AE)Hehasgotaprize.(BE)Hehasgottenaprize.(AE)ShallIhelpyouwiththehomework?(BE)ShouldIhelpyouwiththehomework?(AE)attheweekend（BE）Shellbecominghomeonweekends.(AE)Theteamis/aregoingtolose.(BE)Theteamisgoingtolose.(AE)MayIhavealookatyourpapers?Youmay(do)(BE)Youmay.(AE)uPast tense formsInfinitiveSimple past(Br)Simple past(Am)Past participle(Br)Past participle(Am)burnburned/burntburned/burntburned/burntburned/burntdreamdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamtgetgotgotgotgottenleanleaned/leantleanedleaned/leantleanedlearnlearned/learntlearnedlearned/learntlearnedproveprovedprovedprovedproved/provensawsawedsawedsawnsawn/sawedsmellspilled/spiltsmelledsmelled/smeltsmelledspillspilled/spiltspilledspilled/spiltspilledspoilspoiled/spoiltspoiled/spoiltspoiled/spoiltspoiled/spoiltwakewokewoke/wakedwokenwoken
