医学英语教案111355.pdf
欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！三全学院外语系教案首页 课程名称 医学英语 授课题目 Unit One：Introduction to Disease(Book Two)授课对象 Grade 2009(本科及专升本 2009 级)时间分配 Course Introduction：60ms;Word Study:40ms;Text Analysis:120ms Exercises:20ms 课时目标 Get familiar with this book and basic introduction to disease.授课重点 Medical Terminology;Style of Medical English;Disease;考研英语 授课难点 Introduction to Disease 授课形式 Classroom 授课方法 Students centered with the guidance from the teacher 参考文献 College English for Senior Medical Students,online information,physiology.思考题 Have you ever encountered any illness or disease?教研室主任及课程负责人签字 教研室主任（签字）课程负责人（签字）授课人（签字）年 月 日 年 月 日 年 月 日 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！Teaching Procedure I.Work Review II.Warming-up Activities Lead-in III.New Words&Expressions IV.Text Analysis V.Language Points:Sentence Patterns VI.Exercises VII.Homework 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！Unit One Introduction to Disease Section 1 Introduction I.Introduction of Medical English and Our Study Book A.the relationship of medical English and our common college English;B.The introduction of the book and how we will go in the class and the time plan.II.Course Objectives A.Vocabulary Medical Terms15%;Popular Science Vocabulary15%;Essential Vocabulary70%Medical Terms Basic Word Structure:word root,suffix,prefix,combining vowel Word root:Its the main part or foundation of the word,usu.derived from Greek or Latin.Most medical terms have one or more word roots.Recognize word roots in the following non-medical words:Balance imbalance;teacher teaching teaches Recognize word roots in the following medical words:gastric:the root“gastr”meaning stomach.Suffix:A suffix is added to the end of a word root to modify its meaning.The suffix will usu.tell what is happening to the root,indicate a procedure,condition,disease,or part of speech.Recognize the suffix in the following medical words:gastritis:-itis meaning inflammation,so the whole word means inflammation of the lining of the stomach.Prefix:Its the word element located at the beginning of a word,changes the meaning of the word.It usu.tells sth.more specific about the word root,indicates a number,time,position,direction,color etc.Recognize the preffix in the following medical words:transgastric:trans-meaning across Combining Vowel:A vowel(usu.O)linking the root to the suffix or to another root.Recognize the combining vowel in the following medical words:electrocardiogram(ECG)Rules of studying medical English:Read the meaning of medical terms from the suffix back to the first part of the word.Drop the combining vowel before a suffix beginning with a vowel.Retain the combining vowel between two roots in a word.Examples 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！gastroenterology:the root gastr means stomach,the root enter means intestines,the suffix-logy means process of study.B.Style of Medical English:Word 医学英语用词特点：75%来自拉丁、希腊语；词汇意义较稳定;词汇不具有感情色彩；用词具体；注重专业意义、书面语言；较少用短语动词，常用单个动词 词汇意义较稳定 医学英语中有众多的习惯用语和专用术语，其词义的稳定性，使它们在表达某一概念或现象时，总是被重复使用。Examples change dressings（换敷料），goose flesh（鸡皮疙瘩），contrast medium（造影剂），blue spot（青斑），peptic ulcer（消化性溃疡），whooping cough（百日咳）词汇不具有感情色彩 Example Responsible（1）The pilot of the plane is responsible for the passengers safety.（2）Bacteria or their products are responsible for most instances of food poisoning.用词具体 医学英语很少使用具有夸张、比喻含义的词汇，用词具体化。Example“患者”（1）A diabetic is not allowed to take sweets.（2）The prescriber and the user of this product must master the terms hereof.（3）Cataracts are classified according to the age of the individual，etiology and morphologic characteristics of the opacity.（4）He is a renal transplant recipient.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！较少用短语动词，常用单个动词 医学英语较少使用短语动词，更多地使用所谓“规范”的书面语动词，常常用单个动词。Example 用 absorb 来表示 take in，用 discover 来表示 find out，用 observe 来表示 look at，用 cancel 来表示 call off。Style of Medical English:Grammar 医学英语在语法结构上的一些特点：大量使用名词和名词词组，较多使用被动语态结构，频繁使用非谓语动词短语，含两个动词以上从句的长句多，用 will+动词原形或一般现在时，表示自然规律或通常结果。大量使用名词和名词词组 医学英语常用由动词转化来的名词。Example 大多数 II 型糖尿病人肥胖，所以饮食疗法的主要目的是减肥。限制热量摄入的饮食常可明显改善高血糖症。译文 1:The majority of type II diabetic patients are obese.The main goal of diet therapy is therefore to lose weight.A diet restricted in calories usually improves the patients hyperglycemia greatly.译文 2:The majority of type II diabetic patients are obese.The main goal of diet therapy is therefore weight loss.A diet restricted in calories usually results in a great improvement of the patients hyperglycemia.较多使用被动语态结构 医学英语的文献中较多地使用被动语态结构 Example The infant with eczema must not be vaccinated until his skin has been clear for a year or so，nor should he be exposed to other persons with fresh vaccinia lesions.The child with eczema should also be protected，as far as possible，from the virus of herpes 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！simplec，He should be immunized in the usual way against diphtheria，pertussis，tetanus and poliomyelitis.Egg-grown vaccines should be avoided in egg-sensitive patients.频繁使用非谓语动词短语 医学英语文献中，非谓语动词短语用得较频繁。Example All therapeutic programmes designed to decrease the cardiac load begin with rest.In the normal subject，the amount of blood that the heart is called upon to eject is matched，to the.level of metabolic activity，automatically rising and falling with the oxygen consumption.By decreasing the metabolic requirements via restricting activity，the work required of the heart is decreased.含两个动词以上从句的长句多 医学英语中，包含两个以上从句的长句较多。Example A closed operation is often preferable for patients with pure mitral stenosis who have not been operated upon before，who have no detectable valvular or perivalvular calcification on fluoroscopic examination，and in whom there is no suspicion of left atrial thrombosis.用 will+动词原形或一般现在时，表示自然规律或通常结果 Example 汉语原文 4:选择口服降血糖药或胰岛素须取决于许多因素，包括高血糖的程度，社会及经济状况，低血糖的相对风险和危险以及病人和医生个人所好。译文 1:The choice of an oral hypoglycemic drug or insulin must depend on many factors，including the degree 译文 2:The choice of oral hypoglycemic drug or insulin will depend/depends on many factors，including Section 2 Text Study 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！III.Introduction to Disease A.Question:Have you ever encountered any illness or disease?B.New Words and Phrases appreciation:n.欣赏，感激，鉴识，评价，增值 1.Mary was frustrated by the lack of appreciation shown of her work.玛丽因工作得不到赏识而灰心丧气。2.She shows little appreciation of good music.她对于好音乐几乎没有欣赏能力。3.Please accept this gift in appreciation of all youve done for us.多蒙鼎立协助，不胜感激，备些薄礼，敬请笑纳。compensate:v.补偿，赔偿，付报酬 make up,pay She was compensated by the insurance company for her injuries.She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence.homeostasis:homeo-:前缀 pref.“相同”;“相似”homeochromatic a.颜色相似的 homeomorph n.异种同态 hemoglobin:n.血红蛋白 hemo-pref.“血”hemophilia 血友病 hemodynamic 血液动力学的 hemostasis 止血法 hemolysis 溶血 globin 球蛋白 globinase 球蛋白酶 hypertrophy n.v.肥大，过度生长 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！hyper-pref.“高”hypertension hypersensitivity hyperthermia hyperthyroidism hyperlink 超链接 malnutrition:n.营养不良 mal-坏的，不正常的 malware n.恶意软件 malignant malfunction malcontent malformed adverse:a.不利的，逆向的，有害的 adverse conditions adverse wind adverse circumstance If we had no winter,the spring would not be so pleasant,if we did not sometimes taste of adversity,prosperity would not be so welcome.observe:v.遵守；观察 observe discipline observe the rules strictly It was observed by none.He observed that honors do not always went to those who deserved them.perceive:v.to become aware of,comprehend The students perceived that his behavior had changed.He has now perceived his error.concurrent:a.并发的，一致的，同时发生的 concurrent post concurrent engineering A brief shot that interrupts the visual continuity of the main action of a film,often to depict related matter or supposedly concurrent action.切换镜头一种中断电影的主要情节画面的连续性的简短镜头，通常用来描绘相关事件或可能同时发生的情节。欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！prominent:a.突出的，显著的；杰出的,卓越的 prominent ear prominent feature prominent quality a prominent author protrude:v.Stick out,bulge（使）突出 He protruded his tongue.He glimpsed a gun protruding from the mans pocket.abuse:n.v.滥用，虐待 alcohol/drug abuse child abuse He was arrested on charge of corruption and abuse of power.Amuse Amaze subside:v.趋于平静，平息，减弱，消退 He waited nervously for his anger to subside.When the rain had subsided,we continued our walk.I took an aspirin and the pain gradually subsided.remission:n.（重病的）缓解期，减轻期 The patient has been in remission for the past six months.remit to remit a tax/a fine/fees aftermath:n.（战争、事故、不快事情的）后果，创伤 A lot of rebuilding took place in the aftermath of the war.afterlife afterglow aftereffect afterbirth aftercare aftershock aftertaste aftershave alleviate:v.减轻，缓和，缓解 to alleviate suffering A number of measures were taken to alleviate the problem.alleviation C.Text Structure:How to maintain the homeostasis?The introduction to disease.Summary.D.Text Study How to maintain the homeostasis?The more one understands the functioning of the body,the greater appreciation 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！one has for it.appreciation the more,the more The heart enlarges with prolonged high blood pressure as it must continue to pump blood against great resistance.As:because The introduction to disease.1.The general introduction.2.Etiology or cause of the disease.3.Manifestation of disease:signs and symptoms.4.Diagnosis,treatment,course,complications and aftermath of disease.The general introduction.Disease is the unhealthy state of a body part,a physiologic system,or the body as a whole definition heredity,anomaly,congenital heart defect,lesion Etiology or cause of the disease.heredity,environmental factors,malnutrition,stress Infectious agents Common cold and flu,abscesses and strep throat,athletes foot disease and worm disease.(图片展示)Hemophilia,sickle cell anemia,and color blindness.图片展示，简单介绍 Make a diagnosis,specialize in,transmit,developmental error,rubella,German measles,delivery Manifestation of disease:signs and symptoms.Signs are,symptoms are Make a simple comparison between signs and symptos.physical examination,malfunctioning,hyperactive thyroid syndrome Mongolism:基本症状，从而让学生猜测相关词汇含义，如 retardation,protrude.Diagnosis,treatment,course,complications and aftermath of disease.Urinalysis,blood chemistry,electrocardiography,and radiography.Diagnostic-imaging techniques A physician also derivesfrom,from,and from 句式分析 Section 3 Exercises IV.Exercises
