高中英语人教新课标必修五unit5单词讲解.ppt

Unit 5First AidPart 1Words and expressions aid:1)v.aid sb.to do sth.aid sb.in doing/with sth.I aided her to continue her study.=I aided her in continuing her study.=I aided her with her study.2)n.first aid 急救急救 a hearing aid 助听器助听器with the aid of/with sbs aid 在在的帮助下的帮助下 in aid of 用以援助用以援助.;作为援助作为援助.之用之用 eg.collect money in aid of the poor come/go to sb.s aid 前来前来/去援助某人去援助某人give/offer aid to sb.给予帮助给予帮助2.injury(c./u.)n(身体身体;感情感情;名誉名誉)injure(v.)injurious(to)(adj)Smoking is injurious to health,especially to the lungs.be an injury to 伤害伤害.,危害危害.,对对.有害有害do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人伤害某人to suffer injuries to the head 头部受伤头部受伤He suffered severe injury to his leg.a leg injury一处腿伤一处腿伤 add insult to injury 落井下石落井下石an injury to ones reputation损毁损毁 的名誉的名誉 I take it as a personal injury.sprain n.扭伤扭伤 vt.扭伤扭伤,损伤损伤 I sprained my ankle/wrist when I fell.我跌倒时扭伤了踝骨我跌倒时扭伤了踝骨/手腕。手腕。He got a foot sprain in his ankle.他脚踝受了严重的扭伤。他脚踝受了严重的扭伤。choke vi.&vt.choke sb.to death 使使窒息死亡，掐死窒息死亡，掐死 choke on a fish 鱼刺卡在喉咙里鱼刺卡在喉咙里 choke with anger 气得说不出话来气得说不出话来 choke(hold)back ones tears 忍住泪水忍住泪水 choke ones feelings 抑制感情抑制感情 The smoke almost choked me.烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来The streets in the centre of the city were choked up with traffic.市中心的街道被车辆市中心的街道被车辆 堵塞了堵塞了.Give blood blood pressureHe lost a lot of blood in the accident.Of noble bloodThey are of the same blood.He is of mixed blood.Blood for blood.Bad blood between A and Bones own flesh and bloodgive sb.A bloody noseBurn to the groundHe is burning to tell us the news.He takes his exam next week,so hes burning the midnight oil now.Money burns a hole in sbs pocket.有钱就花有钱就花,大手大脚大手大脚Have money to burn有的是钱有的是钱Feel ones ears burning觉得耳朵发烧觉得耳朵发烧(认为有人在说自己认为有人在说自己)Burn the candle at both ends操劳过度操劳过度essential adj.basic,necessary essentials n.(pl.)必需品必需品;要素要素,要点要点 Food is essential to life.食物是维持生命不可或缺的食物是维持生命不可或缺的 Personal space is essential for healthy living.(拥有）个人空间是健康生活所必需的。拥有）个人空间是健康生活所必需的。the essentials of grammar 语法要点语法要点 essentials/necessities of lifeorgan n.器官器官 The eyes are the organs of sight.眼睛是视觉器官眼睛是视觉器官.The liver is an organ and so is the heart.肝脏是一个器官肝脏是一个器官,心脏也是。心脏也是。state organs 国家机构国家机构 organic adj.器官的器官的,有机的有机的,组织的组织的 organic vegetables 有机肥料灌溉的蔬菜有机肥料灌溉的蔬菜layer:a depth or level 深度或层次深度或层次 a poem with several layers of meaning.有多层含义的诗歌有多层含义的诗歌 a layer of dust on the windowsill 窗台上的一层灰尘窗台上的一层灰尘 a cake with four layers 四层蛋糕四层蛋糕heal vt.,vi.治愈（伤口）；使复原治愈（伤口）；使复原 The wound soon healed up/over.Time is a great healer.(谚谚)heal sb.Of sth He was healed of his sickness.他病已痊愈。他病已痊愈。Time heals all sorrows.时间会治愈一切忧伤。时间会治愈一切忧伤。treat“治疗治疗”，着重强调过程，不涉及结果，着重强调过程，不涉及结果，不一定治愈。不一定治愈。heal 多用于治疗外伤。多用于治疗外伤。cure“治愈治愈”，强调结果。，强调结果。swell vi.&vt.(swelled,swelled/swollen)Her leg has swollen badlyThe wind swelled the sails.风鼓起了帆。风鼓起了帆。The heavy rain swelled the river大雨使河水上涨了。大雨使河水上涨了。swollen 可作形容词，表示可作形容词，表示“肿胀的肿胀的”Her eyes were red and swollen with weeping.Have a swelled/swollen head(指因突然成功指因突然成功)冲昏头脑冲昏头脑nerve n.神经神经,勇气；魄力；胆量勇气；魄力；胆量 a man of nerve 勇敢的人勇敢的人,有勇气的人有勇气的人 (pl)神经质；神经过敏神经质；神经过敏 She gets nerves before every examination.每次考试前她都很紧张。每次考试前她都很紧张。Get on sbs nerves刺激或烦扰某人刺激或烦扰某人Stop whistling!Its/Youre getting on my nerves.jewellery 和和jewel 的辨析：的辨析：两者均有两者均有“珍宝首饰珍宝首饰”之意，之意，jewellery 为集为集体体名词，名词，不可数；不可数；jewel 为可数名词为可数名词 She appeared at the party wearing some of her finest_.A.jewels B.jewelleries C.jewel D.jewellers I want to buy _ as a birthday gift for my daughter.A.some jewel B.a piece of jewelC.a jewellery D.a piece of jewellerysqueeze out 榨出，榨出，挤出挤出他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。They have been squeezed out of the job market by young people.squeeze money from sb 向某人勒索钱财向某人勒索钱财squeeze money out of sb那个年轻人经常向那个小学生勒索钱财。那个年轻人经常向那个小学生勒索钱财。The young man often squeezes money from/out of the pupil.In place 在适当的位置，在适当的位置，适当适当 out of place 不在适当的位置，不在适当的位置，不适当不适当 in place of 代替代替 take the place of 代替代替She likes everything _ beforeshe starts work.Her criticisms were quite_.(她的批评太不相宜了）她的批评太不相宜了）Let me go _your _.to be in placeout of placeinplace(1)给予，赠送给予，赠送present+sb.+with+sth.授予某人授予某人 He presented her with a gold medal.present+sth.+to+sb.颁发颁发给某人给某人 He presented a gold medal to her.He presented(赠送赠送)a sum of money to our school in aid of some poor students.(2)提出，呈现提出，呈现present reasons 提出理由提出理由3)上演上演present a new play20.stab v.He stabbed the woman with a knife and she died.他用小刀把这位妇女刺死了他用小刀把这位妇女刺死了a stab(stab sb.)in the back 暗箭伤人暗箭伤人,背后中伤背后中伤21.bruise 擦伤；打伤；使成瘀伤擦伤；打伤；使成瘀伤 She bruised her knee.她的膝盖擦伤了。她的膝盖擦伤了。擦伤（水果、植物等）；碰损擦伤（水果、植物等）；碰损 Soft fruit bruises easily.细嫩的水果容易碰损细嫩的水果容易碰损22.authentic authentic news 可靠的消息可靠的消息 an authentic painting by Piccaso毕加索的真迹毕加索的真迹1.-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?-Yes.He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.A.After B.unless C.until D.when2.-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?-Yes.He would never praised him _ he could become one of the top students in his grade.A.After B.unless C.until D.when