2023年大学英语四级考试短文写作讲解.docx

2023年大学英语四级考试短文写作讲解 大学英语四级考试短文写作 四项基本技能：听、说、读、写 传统上：听和说、读和写 现在的新视角：听和读（input）、说和写(output) 一 四级英语评分标准 120个词：（10句话）：每一段写34句话，写3个自然段 出题方式：命题作文、看图画或图表作文，根据所给文章（中文或英文）写出文章概要或大意，给出关键词作文等。 二 四级作文题型 （一） 正反阐释题 2000年6月 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Neceary? The first sentence has already been written for you.You should write at least 120 words, and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1.很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是。 2.也有人持不同意见，。 3.我的看法和打算 99年6月； 98年6月 97年6月； 96年6月；95年1月；05年12月； 06年12月 （二） 阐释原因、描述危害题 00年1月；99年1月；97年12月；01年1月 （三） 永恒话题 97年1月 （四） 写一封信 01年6月；02年1月；03年6月（见证书）；04年1月；04年6月；05年1月； 05年6月 三 四级作文评分原则 CET作文采用总体评分（Global Scoring）方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分（Reward Scores）,而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。 1 第一段要推敲 第二段看有没有主题句，第一句就写主题句 第三段总结 看作文就是看两点：第一看组织结构，第二看语言表达 2检查五个方面的语言错误： 1）检查三个一致问题：主谓一致，时态一致，单复数一致 4）检查拼写错误 3格式有2种： （1）每一段缩进去4个字母，每一段之间不空行（传统格式） （2）每一段顶格写，每一段之间空一行（流行格式） 4评分标准： 11分切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。 14分切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好。基本无语言错误，仅有个 别小错。 字数不足酌情扣分。 注：只写一段者：04分；只写两段者：09分（按规定三段的作文）提供三点提 纲的作文 建议：无论提纲是几点，都要写到三段或四段 经原国家教委批准， 四、六级考试已从1997年6月份起采用“作文最低分”制计算成绩，其中足见国家对提高大学英语写作能力的重视程度。按规定，考生作文若为0分，无论其总分是否高于60分，均作不及格处理；若其作文分高于0分，低于6分，报成绩时，需从总分中减去6分，再加上实得作文分。也就是说，要从总分中减去实得作文分与6分之间的差额部分。 四 四级英语作文范文 （一）正反阐释题 1 Should Firecrackers Be Banned? 2 Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck? （二）阐释原因、描述危害题 提纲变主题句的技巧： 1）如为疑问句，一定要变为陈述句；（提纲必须是陈述句） 2）如果是短语，要变为句子。 3 Dont Hesitate to Say No(99年1月) 4 My View on Fake Commodities (98年1月) 1）学会将两点提纲变为三点 2）写危害两个层面： A.对国家/政府/社会的危害 B.对普通百姓的危害 (三) 永恒话题 5 Haste Makes Waste（97年1月6级） 6.Practice Makes Perfect(97年1月) 总结（三种写法）： 1 完全把握提纲：三点提纲变成主题句 2 写社会现象往往缺少引言段（描述现象） 3 写成语、格言这样的文章一般缺少总结段 （四）再推荐一种模式 有时按照提纲完全打不开思路： A 第一段：写现象（提出问题） B 第二段：写原因（分析问题） C 第三段：写建议（解决问题） 7Brain Drain 8.Fire Accidents in Big Cities （五）图表作文 图表作文三段的写法： 1） 第一段写图表的总的感觉，说明图表在讲一种什么社会现象。（对数据点到为止） 2） 第二段写出现这些现象的原因 3） 第三段有三种写法： A.如果图表反映的是坏现象：建议采取什么措施 (点到为止)； B.如果图表反映的是好现象：展望未来； C.如果图表反映的是非好非坏的现象：发表自己的议论。 9Film Is Giving Way to TV（1992年1月） Directions: (1) 电影观众越来越少 (2) 电视观众越来越多，因为 (3) 然而，还是有人喜欢看电影，因为 Quote as few figures as poible.Remember to write your composition in readable handwriting. 10.Car Accidents Declining in Walton City(1991年6月) Suggested title: Car Accidents Declining in Walton City (1) Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph; (2) Poible reason(s) for the decline of car accidents in the city; (3) Your predictions of what will happen this year. Your composition should be no le than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as poible. 五 主题句练习 1.确定以下主题句是否恰当。 Players on one team take turns batting, and the other team tries to put the batters out.The batter hits the ball and then tries to run around the bases and get “home” safely.The other team tries to put the batter out by catching the ball before it hits the ground, throwing the ball to the base before the batter gets there or by tagging the batter with the ball.The batter can stop at any one of the three bases if it is impoible to make it “home”. university you want to attend to get the neceary forms and information concerning that particular universitys entrance requirements.Then you must follow the steps outlined in their response.You will probably have to send copies of your high school diploma, get letters of recommendation, and write an eay on why you want to study there.You may have to achieve a certain score on the TOEFL test and have your scores forwarded to the university.Finally, you will have to contact the American embay to start the procedures to obtain a student visa. refreshing swim.Then I walk along the beach and collect shells.Later youll find me relaxing in the warm sunshine and making sand castles.Then I sleep for a while before I open the basket of food and drinks that I always pack to take. those students can get to cla on the bus.Many universities have a special shuttle bus that is provided for student transportation.Some students like to ride to cla on bicycles.This is good exercise.Also, it is easier to find a space to leave a bicycle than to find a parking space for a can on a crowded university campus.Those students who live close to campus or on campus can enjoy a leisurely walk to their claes. 2.写出相应的主题句。 1_.The white pages of an American telephone book give the phone numbers of residences.The blue pages contain the numbers of government offices, and the yellow pages have advertisements and busine numbers.There are maps as well as indexes at the back of the book.The telephone books of larger cities ma provide separate books for different sections of the city, while those of small towns may have room to include the numbers from several towns all in one book. 2._.First, the fast-food restaurant is good for people who must have a quick bite because of a busy schedule.Second, the food is inexpensive yet tasty.A person can eat an enjoyable meal out and stay within a limited budget.Finally, the food is usually consistent.For example, a cheeseburger from a well-known fast-food restaurant looks and tastes about the same no matter where in the world it is purchased.Consequently, buyers know exactly what they are getting. 3.选出不支撑主题句的例子。 1）Ways to get rid of hiccups A.breathe into a paper bag B.hold your breath to the count of 10 C.have someone frighten you D.make an appointment with your doctor 2) Steps for planning a trip A.purchasing a map B.working late C.making an itinerary D.reserving a ticket 3) Reasons for car accidents A.fast driving B.drinking and driving C.not following traffic regulations D.giving signals 4) Advantages off small apartments A.good school facilities B.easy to clean C.cheaper to furnish D.relatively inexpensive 5) Characteristics of a good restaurant A.efficient waiters B.tasty food C.jacket and tie required D.pleasant atmosphere 六找出下面段落中不支撑主题句的那句话。 1Working at a part-time job while studying at a university has many advantages.If students can get a job in their area of study, they are gaining valuable experience and putting their knowledge to use immediately.The extra money they can earn will be useful for meeting tuition fees and enjoying university activities.Also, they will have the personal satisfaction of having contributed to their own education.Students who need extra money can hold down a full-time temporary job during their summer vacation. 2.Hobbies are important for many reasons.First, a hobby can be educational.For example, if the hobby is stamp collecting, the person can learn about the countries of the world and even some of their history.Second, engaging in the hobby can lead to meeting other people with the same interests.A person can also meet other people by going to parties.Third, a persons free time is being used in a positive way.The person has no time to be bored or get into mischief while engaged in the hobby.Finally, some hobbies can lead to a future job.A person who enjoys a hobby-related job is more satisfied with life. 3.There are several features of spoken English that make it difficult for me to understand.First, many words are not pronounced as they are spelled, so when I learn new words through reading, I sometimes dont understand them when they are spoken.Second, native speakers contract words and phrases.“What are you doing?” becomes “Whatcha doin?” In my opinion, people should write clearly.Third, native speakers have a wide range of accents.A British accent is very different from a Texas one.Fourth, there are lots of idioms and slang expreions.These expreions also differ depending on the area a speaker is from.Finally, there are sounds that dont exist in my language but do exist in English and vice versa.These sounds are difficult for me to distinguish. 大学英语四级考试短文写作讲解 大学英语四级考试短文写作 大学英语四级短文听力 大学英语四级考试写作辅导 大学英语四级考试写作篇 大学英语四级考试写作指南 大学英语四级写作 大学英语四级写作 征服大学英语四级考试写作秘籍 大学英语四级考试写作辅导教程