2019新人教高中英语选择性必修二Unit3 Food and Culture单元知识总结.docx

选修2 U3 Food And Culture单元知识总结Part L Word formation. prior adj,先前的;优先的f priority n.优先考虑的事1 . consist vi.组成；在于；一致f consistent adj. 一致的；连续的.elegant adj.精美的;讲究的；文雅的f elegance n.高雅；典雅；优雅2 .exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的f exception n.例外；异议. consume vt.吃; 喝； 饮; 消耗.f consumption n.消耗； 消耗量； 消费f consumer n.消费者3 .association n.协'会； 关联f associate vt.联合.fundamental adj.根本的；基础的；基本的n.基本规律；基本法则f fundament n.基础4 .modest adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的f modestly adv.谦虚地；适度地Part IL PhrasesReading and Thinking& Learning about Language l.put more simply 简单地说3.refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅5.in point相关的；恰当的；中肯的7.suit American tastes 适合美国人口味9. have a chance to do sth.有机会做某事11 .at a minimum 至少13.have a hot temper 脾气暴躁的15.not really=no/not very much 不怎么样（不 ）Using Language & Assessing Your ProgressLas to至于；关于 2.maketip组成；构成2.relateto与相关；涉及；谈到4.in many ways在许多方面6.prior to在之前的8.consist of由组成（或构成）lO.recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐12.tend to do sth.易于做某事；往往会做某事14.cause and effect 因果16.switch off关（电灯、机器等）3.increasing evidence越来越多的证据4.regardless of 不管；不顾5.argue over 对展开讨论 6.in other words 换句话说7.cut down （on）削减，删节（尺寸、数量或数目等）；砍倒8.cut out切去；省略；停止（做某事）11.attitude to/towards 对的态度9.rather than 而不是 lO.quantities of 大量的12.lt is up to sb. to do sth.由某人决定做某事Part IIL知识梳理.Words.1. recommend vt.推荐；建议 n. recommendation推荐；劝告；介绍信推荐：recommend sb. sth./ recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物建议：recommend doing sth. / that cause从句用虚拟语气：（should）+动词原形 recommend sb. to do建议某人干某事医生建议他不要玩命工作。The doctor recommended him not to work too hard.The doctor recommended that he shouldn't work too hard .鉴于你对经典影片感兴趣，我写信推荐给你一部好看的电影。（翻译）Considering that you take an interest in classical movies, I'm writing to recommend a wonderful movie to you.2. temper n.脾气；火气in a bad temper发怒，发脾气 keep/lose one为temper忍住/发脾气out of temper发火的，发怒的trick n.诀窍；计谋；把戏play a trick/ tricks on sb.捉弄某人play a joke/jokes on sb.开某人的玩笑make fun of sb.取笑某人laugh at sb.嘲笑某人.Phrases.1. consist of 由组成（或构成）=be made up of/ be comprised ofeg. Our team consists of 12 members.我们队由 12 名成员组成。=Our team is made up of/ is comprised of 12 members.=12 members make up our team.2. prior to在之前的Prior to the meeting, we discussed the matter by ourselves.在会议之前，我们自己讨论了这个问题。归纳拓展：senior to级别（或地位）高的 junior to地位（或职位、级别）低下的hand in hand 手拉手归纳拓展：（1）常用的结构类似的短语：arm in arm 臂挽臂shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩face to face 面对面地little by little =step by step 逐渐地（2） “名词-介词名词”结构可作形容词，常作前置定语。face-to-face面对面的 back-to-back背靠背的 hand-in-hand手拉手的；亲密的heart-to-heart 敞开心扉的shoulder- to- shoulder 肩并肩的cut down （on）削减，删节（尺寸、数量或数目等）；砍倒cutin插嘴，打断别人谈话cut off切断；断绝 cut.off from切断的来路（去路）；使与外界隔绝cutthrough/across抄近路穿过；走近路 cutout切去；省略；停止（做某事）Part IV. Sentence StructureReading I1 .Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.在来中国之前，我对中国烹饪唯一的经验是在美国，中国菜已经被改变以适应美国人的口味。When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing.我 和我的家人刚到中国时，我们在北京找一个吃饭的好地方。A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend, and finally, we found it.一位朋友向我们推荐了一家四川餐馆，最后我们找到了。Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea(= didn't know) how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物， 那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜佳肴。总结：过去完成时的概念、构成及基本用法概念及用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过 去”。这一过去时间可用by, before等构成的短语及when, before, after, by the time等弓I导的时间 状语从句表示。(2)构成:过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。过去完成时的被动语态：had been done.练习： By the time Jack returned home from England, his son had graduated ( graduate) from college. I had planned (plan) to help you, but I was too busy. It was the first time that she had operated(operate) a sewing machine.©Thiswas the first time that I had met (meet) such difficult problems. No sooner had the film star arrived (arrive) at the airport than he attracted people's attention.AH the tickets had been sold (sell) out when they arrived.2.And, since the dish was also invented recently, it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try new foods. 而且，由于 这道菜也是最近才发明的,它告诉我们美国人并不害怕尝试新的事物。在本句中，that引导了一个宾语 从句,在从句中不作成分.The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us.食物美味可口，与众不同，但更重要的是他们给了我们友谊。在本句中，what引导了一个 主语 从句，在从句中做 主语.offered us是过去分词做后置定语.As a result, their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fireusually boiled or roastedmeat, such as lamb kebab.因此，他们的传统食物是你可以在明火上烹饪的一一通常是煮熟或烤熟的肉类，如羊肉串。在本句中，what引导了一个表语从句，在从句中做宾语. At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like.至少，当地人食用的食物品种向我们说明，他们在本地区种植什么，过着什么样的生活，喜欢 什么和不喜欢什么。在本句中，what引导了一个宾语从句,在从句中做宾语.What we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand.然而，我们可以说的是，文化和美食是密不可分的。在本句中，what引导了一个主语从句,在从句中做宾语.that引导了一个表语从句,在从句中 不作成分.3.For example, America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers.例如，最受欢迎的中国菜是左公鸡，这道菜是涂有甜酱的炸鸡，用红辣椒调味。在本句中，which引导了一个非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语,先行词是General Tso's chicken.It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone from the youngest to the oldest-joining in to help.在中国北方，饺子已经成为人们最喜爱的传统美食，包饺子一直是每个人的家庭事务，从最年轻 的到最年长的，都加入帮忙。在本句中，where引导了 一个非限制性定语从句,在从句中做状语,先行词是North China .(3)Could we also say, for example, that those who like bold flavours are bold themselves?例如，我们是否也可以说，那些喜欢大胆口味的人本身就很大胆呢。在本句中，that引导了一个 宾语从句,who引导了一个 定语 从句,在从句中做 主语.Reading II1. There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet.关于什么是健康饮食，现在有很多争论。在本句中，what引导了一个宾语 从句,在从句中做 主语.2. However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar.然而越来越多的证据表明，不良健康的真正推手并非脂肪类食物，而实际匕是糖。在本句中，that引导 同位语 从句。3. Put more simply, while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer.简单地说，当人们继续争论高脂肪食物是否危险时，我们已经知道糖是杀手。在本句中,while引导了 一个让步状语 从句,that引导了 一个宾语 从句。4. Besides this, it is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth.止匕外，在你的饮食中添加一些肉类豆类或乳制品也是很重要的，因为它们提供了强壮骨骼和肌 肉生长所必需的蛋白质。在本句中，it是 形式主语,as引导了一个 原因状语 从句。It is also better to eat a modest amount of food each time, rather than to eat a lot in one meal, and then a little in the next.最好每次吃适量的食物，而不是一顿吃很多，然后下一顿，吃的少一点。 在本句中，it是 形式主语，下划线标出真正的主语。5. The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100 -150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candybar.美国心脏协会建议，我们每天从糖中摄取的热量应限制在100到150卡路里以下，少 于一罐儿甜饮料或一条巧克力通常含有的热量。在本句中，recommend后加虚拟语气，省略了 should.联想类彳以用法的词：suggest;command;request; insist etc.6. Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly .最后，健康饮食的一个基本要素是细嚼慢咽。7. What this means is that people who chew too quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry.这意味着，咀嚼太快的人最终会吃太多的食物，因为她们仍然感到饥饿。在本句中，what引导了一个主语从句,在从句中做宾语.that引导了一个表语从句,在从句 中不做成分.who引导了一个 定语从句，在从句中做主语.