2023届北京十一学校高三下学期第一次联考英语试卷含解析.docx

2023高考英语模拟试卷注意事项.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.1 .答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置.2 .请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符.3 .作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他 答案.作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效.4 .如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗.第一部分（共20小题，每小题L 5分，满分30分）This book is said to be a special one, as it many events not found in other history books.A. writes B. prints C. coversD. readsMore than a quarter of the energy in the United States goes to moving people and goods from one place toanother.A. using B. used C. to use D. use- It's raining hard and we can't go picnicking today.If only the weather fine!A. is B. were C. had been D. would beMy father insisted that every minute made full use of the work well.A. be, to doB. has been, doingC. be, doing D. has been, to do1. I football since I left university.A. didn't playB. don't playC. won't play D. haven't played2. 一The battery in my cell phone is running low.I that last night before we went to bed.A. was noticing B. have noticed C. would notice D. had noticedHis brother aims to be of his parents by the time he is twenty.A. innocent B. beneficial C. invisible D. independentI think Tom will make a good monitor, Pd like to vote for him.A. but B. forC. or D. so3. 一What do you think of the movie last night?When I got there it, so I only watched the end.A. flnishedB. had finishedC. was finishing D. has finished4. At one time, she is fine,at another, she is abnormal.16、A. deserve17、A. as though18、 A. welled up19、A. qualified20 A. despiteB. prefer C.B. even thoughB. flowed overB temporaryB without C.ignore D. appreciateD.C. whetherC. rushed outC. conditionalunlessD. streamed downD. concernedeither D. regardless of第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27. (15 分)Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp L (behave). She spent years 2 (observe) and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she (want) to work with animals in their own environment. 4.，this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in I960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mothercame (help) her for the first few months 62 (be) she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps 7. （eat） only fruit and nuts. She 8 （actual） observed chimps as a group hunting amonkey and then eating 9, She also discovered 10. chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第U处起）不计分。This morning, I went to school by a bicycle as usual > As I am listening to my favorite music with a headphone on my head, I didn't notice a car parked on the roadside、 I scratched the car and left a scar on it、 Think that I would have classes, I left a note with his name and address to let the driver know what happened > Lately in the afternoon, while we were having a class meeting, our headmaster led in a stranger, that was the car owner> He explained the class the whole story but praised me、 My teacher and classmate were impressed and pride of my honesty > 第二节书面表达(满分25分)(25分)假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Carl在学习汉语的时候遇到下图的成语。他来信向你求助，想了解这个成语的意思。请你给他写一封回信，信的内容要包括以下要点:.解释这个成语的意思和它的离意：1 .说明在什么情况下适合使用这个成语；.鼓励Carl继续学习汉语。注意：1 .词数100左右：2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯参考词汇:成语idiom；高言fable；树桩(tree) stump参考答案第一部分(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)1、C2、B3、B4、A5、D6、D7、D8、D9、C10、C11、C12、A13、A14、D15、D16、A17、A18、B19、B20、B第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21、 1、 C2、B3、D4、A22、1、C2、D3、C4、B23、 1、 C2、C3、D4、B24、 1、 AA2、 DB25、 1、 D2、B3、D4、A第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.26、 1、 D2、A3、C4、B5、B6、C7、D8、D9、A10、C11、B12、C13、A14、B15、D16、A17、B18、A19、C20、D第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27、1. behaviourobserving2. had wantedHowever3. to helpwas4. ateactually5. ithow第四部分写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）28、1、去掉a2、am一was3、 Think>Thinking4、his一my5、 LatelyLater6 that 一 who7 explained一explained to8、 but>and9 classmate 一 classmates10. pride 一 proud第二节书面表达（满分25分）29、Dear Carl,I'm more than happy to know that you are getting on well with your Chinese learning. It*s quite natural that you have difficulty in understanding the idiom in the picture because there is a story behind it which you may not know.The fable goes that a farmer got a hare by chance which hit itself into a stump and died. After that, the farmer did nothing but sit by the stump day after day, dreaming to harvest more hares. The moral of the idiom is that nobody can get something for doing nothing. For example 9 you can use the idiom when you are determined to work harder and remind yourself not to count on your luck to succeed.Idioms are heavy with Chinese culture. By studying them carefully, you will make amazing progress in your Chinese learning. And I am always ready to help you understand more of them.Yours,Li HuaA. andBorC. butD. soThe people in the village are so that they are willing to help every visitor.A. optimisticB. energeticC enthusiastic D ambitious11. I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn't able to.A. get awayB. drop inC. check outD. hold onI called her nearly ten minutes this morning, but I couldn't.A. get throughB. go through.C. live through D. look throughCareers Advice service is only available to people on day-time courses.A. to studyB. studyC. studied D. studying12. You can choose not to forgive.you can also choose to let it go.A. AbsolutelyB. ConsequentlyC. Subsequently D. Alternatively13. Thafs the third time you've done that!Yeah,?A. what of it B. what's onC what about D. what for14. 一Flight MU257. I must be off now.一Have a nice trip.A is being announced B. has announcedC. was announcing D. had been announced15. James Smith and his girlfriend went to Chenyi Square to celebrate the New Year, neverA. returnedB. to returnC returning D. having returnedThe girl is sure to become a good actress she gets the right training.A. until B. if C. although D. unlessVivien, you look blue. What's wrong?There are so many papers. Vm really busy recently.A. flnish B. to HnishC. finishing D. finished第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。16. （6 分） A new study suggests climate conditions in the Sahara Desert, one of hottest, driest and most deserted areas in the world, have changed from wet to dry a about every 20,000 years.But previous evidence has suggested the Sahara did not always experience such extreme heat and dry conditions. At times, the Sahara Ranged to a very wet climate. This permitted plants and animals to develop and grow and led to the creation of human settlements. Now, they have discovered more evidence, which, the lead researcher David Me Gee says, supports the idea that the Sahara's climate kept changing between wet and dry about every 20,000,years.McGee reported these climate changes were mainly driven by changes in the Earth's（地轴）as the planet travels round the sun .This process affects the amount of sunlight between seasons. Every 20,000 years the Earth receives more strong summer sunlight. When the Earth*s axis changes again, the amount of sunlight is reduced. This season change happened continuously every 20,000 years. The other part of the season produced rainy conditions, resulting in a wetter, greener, plant-rich environment. When the rainy activity weakens, the climate becomes hot and dry, like the Sahara remains today.The scientists based their research on dust collected from ocean sediment（沉积物）in the Atlantic Ocean bottom off the coast of West Africa. The dust contained layers （层）of ancient sediment built up over millions of years. Each layer could contain traces of Saharan dust as well as the remains of life forms. This information was used to assess over what time period the dust had built up. This led to the overall finding that the Saharan changes from wet to dry climates happened every 20,000 years.David McGee said that today we only see the Sahara Desert as an extremely deserted and “inhospitable" place. The new study suggests that the area's climate has changes between grasslands and a much wetter environment, and back to dry climates, even over the last quarter million years. McGee says he thinks the latest research can be valuable in studying the Sahara's history as it relates to human settlement.1、What does the new study find about the Sahara Desert?A. It is one of the hottest, driest and most deserted areas in Africa.B. It always experiences extreme conditions because of its position.C. Its climate changes between wet and dry about every 20,000 years.D. Its environmental conditions stop plants and animals from surviving.2、What is the direct reason for Sahara*s climate changes?A. Rainy activity.B. Solar radiation.C. Human activity.D. Global environment.3、How did the researchers acquire the evidence?A. By analyzing ocean life. B. By studying Sahara's history.C. By collecting dust on the coast.D. By examining mean sediment.4、What does the underlined word “inhospitable” probably mean?A. Unsuitable to live.B Insignifleant lo study.C. Unable to explore.D. Impossible to change.22. （8 分）Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world.Westerners* understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture cupping and massage （针灸,拔罐和按摩）.For instance9 the purple, injury - like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps, back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016.As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs.Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients （原材料）jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization9 with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs.Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine - making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou*s winning the 2015Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria （疟疾）treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time.1、Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps?A. Because he was injured in his swimming.B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C Because westerners know a little about TCM.Because westerners attach great importance to TCM.2、Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine?A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases.B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture.C. Because Western medicine is more effective.D Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly.3、Compared with Western medicine9 what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4?A. The methods of planting herbs.B. The effectiveness of prescription.C. Lacking in standardization.D Its stable functions.4、The lack of creativity in TCM refers to the fact that.A. medicine - making companies lack creativityprescriptions are got from the pastC Western companies are more experiencedD medicine - making companies lack driving force23. （8 分） Depression and suicidal thoughts have doubled in young Americans, according to a new study from the American Psychological Association.Likely triggers? Cell phones and social media.6'More US adolescents and young adults in the late 2010s, vs the mid-2000s, experienced serious psychological distress, major depression and more attempted suicide （自杀says lead researcher Jean Twenge, professor of psychology at San Diego State University. uThese trends are weak or non-existent among adults 26 years and over, suggesting a generational shift in mood disorders instead of an overall increase across all ages.”Twenge believes this trend is partially due to the explosion of digital culture over the past decade, which may have twisted modes of social interaction enough to affect mood disorders.The study analyzed data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, which tracked drug and alcohol use and mental health issues in more than 200,000 youths aged 12 to 3 from 2005 to 203 and almost 400,000 adults from 2008 to 203.Major depression in the last 12 months increased by 52 percent in kids from 2005 to 203 and 63 percent in young adults aged 4 to 25 from 2009 to 203. There was also a 71 percent jump in young adults experiencing serious psychological distress in the previous 30 days from 2008 to 203.So whafs so different now? Twenge says research shows young people just aren't getting as much shuteye as theydid in previous generations.Whereas older Americans might have established more stability in their lives, sleep-disrupting social stressors are likely at their peak for teens and young adults in this digital era, she says. Older adults are also less likely to let devices interfere （干预）with sleep.These results suggest a need for more research to understand how digital communication versus face-to-face social interaction influences mood disorders and to develop specialized interventions for younger age groups.Her suggestion? Put your phone down at least an hour before bedtime.K How is Paragraph 6 developed?A. By stating facts.B. By giving examples.B. By providing statistics.D. By presenting theories.2、What might Professor Twenge agree wi