广东省深圳市南山区2021-2022学年八年级上学期期末英语试题（含答案解析）.docx

广东省深圳市南山区2021-2022学年八年级上学期期末英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、语音辨识选出与音标内容相符的正确句子。1. / ' nevo wei st。grei m 2V rai s /A. Never waste a gram of rice.B Never waste a grain of rice.C. Never waste every grain of rice.2. /kud ju: pli:z ri ' peg(r) 60 ，mD ni ts(r) fb(r) mi:/A. Could you please repair the main unit for me?B Could you please repair the monitor for me?C Could you please repair the mouse for me?3. /ai hsev sa m ' kwestj onz o' bau t do prai s /A. I have some questions about the price.B I have some questions about the prize.C. I have some questions about the prince.4. / pel o' tenj n tu ' spell ij wen ju: mei k do spi： tj /A. Pay attention to the speed when you make a speech.B Pay attention to the speaker when you make the speech.C. Pay attention to the spelling when you make a speech.5. / tral tu 田kt ' kD nfi dsntli ' i:vn if ju: fi:l ' n3 ： rv0s /Try to act confidently even if you feel nervous.A. Try to act correctly even if you feel nervous.B. Try to act comfortably even if you feel nervous.二、单项选择Oh, I forgot to take notes with me. How should I pay for these things?Don't worry. Our shop offers a few methods of payment, such as WeChat and Alipay.试卷第10页，共10页参考答案：1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A【分析】1.根据所给音标可知,应该是Never waste a grain of知e“一粒米也不要浪费”,故 选B。2. 根据所给音标可知，应该是Could you please repair the monitor for me?"你能帮我修一下显 示器吗？ ”，故选B。3. 根据所给音标可知，应该是I have some questions about the price”我对价格有一些疑问”, 故选Ao根据所给音标可知,应该是 Pay attention to the spelling when you make a speech"演讲时要 注意拼写"，故选C。4. 根据所给音标可知，应该是Try to act confidently even if you feel nervous "即使你感到紧张, 也要试着表现得自信。故选A。5. B【详解】句意：哦，我忘了带现金了。这些东西我该怎么付款？ 别担心。本店提供 微信、支付宝等多种支付方式。考查名词辨析。rules规则；ways方式；sizes大小，根据“methods”是“方式”的意思，所以可 以和ways进行转换，故选BoC【详解】句意：看漆黑的天空！可能很快就会下雨。你最好带件雨衣。好的。我会 带一件。考查副词辨析。Never从不；Still仍然；Maybe可能。此处Perhaps意思是“可能”，与Maybe 同义。故选C。6. B【详解】句意：我有重要的事要告诉王先生。他现在在哪里？ 在办公室。进入办公 室前别忘了敲门。考查动词短语。run away from逃跑；go into进入；tidy up收拾，enter意为“进入”，故可以 用“go into”替换，故选B。7. A【详解】句意：你父亲来的时候你在干什么？ 我在电脑上查找信息。我没有注意到 他。考查动词辨析。didn't notice没注意到；didn't remember不记得；didn't promise没答应；短 语“was unaware oF'意为"没有意识到"，故可以和“didn't notice”进行替换，故选A。8. B【详解】句意：你怎么了？你看起来不太好。噢，我头痛得要命。我现在必须去看 医生。考查短语辨析。as well 也；very much 非常；a bit一点。根据“I must see a doctor now”可知， 划线处表示头痛得很厉害，故可以跟very much替换，故选B。9. A【详解】句意：你需要帮助吗？ 根本不需要。它只是一个空箱子。我能搬它。 考查形容词辨析。empty空的；secret秘密的；local当地的。根据“I can carry it”可知，这是 一个空箱子，所以能搬动，故选A。10. B【详解】句意：仔细看这个词。你落了一些东西。哦，我需要再添一个咛'。 考查复合不定代词。everything所有东西；something一些东西；nothing什么都没有，根据“Ineed to add another "i”可知，应该是落了 一些东西，故选B。11. C【详解】句意：除了汤，这顿饭很好。为什么？汤怎么了？考查介词短语辨析。instead of而不是；in addition to除之外（还有，也）；except for除了以外。根据“What was wrong with the soup?”可知,除了汤（不包括汤）都很好，故选CoA【详解】句意：Lisa的成绩怎么样？ 很棒，经过多次尝试，她终于成功地表演了魔 术。考查动词短语。succeeded in成功；gave up放弃；failed in失败，根据"Great”以及固定搭配 succeed in doing sth"成功做某事”可知，应该是成功地表演了魔术，故选A。12. A【详解】句意：你听说王亚平要去天宫空间站上课了吗？ 是的。我很期待。考查动词短语。looking forward to 期待；making jokes about 开的玩笑;keeping in touchwith 与 保持联系。根据"Wang Yaping will give a lesson in Tiangong space station”可知。这是一个好消息，所以应是很期待。故选A。13. B 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个小男孩捡到了一个特别的石头，经常在和 朋友一起玩的时候，擦石头，朋友们经常取笑它，最后男孩把石头擦亮，石头原来是一个钻 石，通过这个故事告诉我们：当别人不支持我们，还认为我们把时间浪费在无意义的事情上 时，我们能做的就是不理会他们，继续朝目标努力。16 .句意：小男孩突然看见一个看起来特别的石头。clean干净的；special特别的；common普通的；根据空后的“It wasn't as dull （暗淡无光的） as the other stones”可知，应该是特别的石头，故选B。17 .句意：相反，它在阳光下有点发亮。However然而；Anyway不管怎样；Instead相反；根据空前的“It wasn't as dull （暗淡无光的） as the other stones”和空后的"it was a little bit shiny in the Sun”可知,后面的句子更侧重于“取 而代之"，所以用instead,故选C。18 .句意：小男孩把它捡起来，决定把它擦亮。agreed同意；refused拒绝；decided决定；根据空前的“The boy picked it up”可知，应该是决 定把它擦亮，故选C。19 .句意：每当他们休息的时候，就把它擦亮。break 休息；shower 淋浴；trip 旅程；根据前文的“Every day when they went out to play, the boy would always take the stone with him”可知，应该是休息的时候，就擦亮它，故选A。20 .句意：他们总是因为它取笑他。took care of 照顾；worried about 担心；made fun of 取笑；根据前文的“It isn't worth anything at all!”可知，应该是男孩的朋友们因为他总是擦亮石头而取笑他，故选C。21 .句意：但是这一天，他给他们准备了一个惊喜。surprise 惊喜；gift 礼物；secret 秘密；根据后文的"When he showed them his stone, they all shouted excitedly. It was, in fact, not a common stone at all it was a beautiful diamond”可知， 应该是准备了一个惊喜，故选A。22 .句意：那男孩前一天晚上熬了一整夜，把它擦得干干净净。waited for 等候；looked around 四处看看；stayed up 熬夜；根据空后的"all night the night before 答案第3页，共8页可知，应该是熬了一整夜，故选C。23 .句意：在你的生活中，有时人们不支持你。remember 记得;protect 保护；encourage 支持；根据后文的"They will tell you that you re wasting your time on some meaningless things”可知，应该是不支持你，故选 Co.句意：他们会告诉你，你在把时间浪费在一些毫无意义的事情上。food食物；time时间；energy能量；根据空前的“yoifre wasting your”和空后的"on some meaningless things”可知，应该是浪费时间，故选B。24 .句意：但是当他们这么做的时候，你能做的最好的事情就是不去理会他们，继续朝着你 的目标努力。best 最好的；worst 最糟糕的；fastest 最快的；根据空后的“thing you can do is pay no attention to them and continue to work toward your goal”可知，应该是你能做的最好的事情，故选A。25 . A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. B【分析】本文主要介绍了荷兰的学生创造的世界第一个移动房屋只由太阳提供动力的汽 车。26 .细节理解题 o 根据"Stella Vita gets energy through its solar panels （嵌板）on the roof and uses this energy for both driving and living”可知，特别地方在于它获取能量的方式，故选A。27 .细节理解题。根据"Although it's not big enough for doing sports, there is a kitchen, a seating area, a bed, a shower and a bathroom”可知，不能在车里锻炼，故选 Co.细节理解题。根据“You are free to go wherever you want without banning the environment” 可知，这种车是很环保的，故选B。28 .细节理解题。根据“News reports say that it has a 60 kilowatt-hour battery that allows it to travel 373 miles at night.”可知，从最后一段我们可以得知这种汽车可以在晚上运行，故选Do.推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一种环保的汽车，属于发明类，故选B。29 . B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. B【分析】文章是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了数字绘画这一艺术形式的由来及其发展。30 .细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each of those numbers is for a colour.”可知，每一个数字代 表一种颜色。故选B。31 .细节理解题。根据第三段中的"He knew that the famous artist Leonardo da Vinci used to divide paintings into different parts and number them.”著名艺术家达芬奇最早有 了用数字绘回 的想法。故选C。32 .细节理解题。根据第四段中的"the company taught customers how to colour a large paint-by-numbers picture in a shopping centre in New York. After that, paint-by-numbers became very popular”可知，为了帮助购物中心销售数字绘画作品，这家公司向人们展示了如何给一 幅图画上色。故选D。33 .细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"But Dan only wanted everyone to enjoy art in an easy and happy way.”可知，丹认为用数字绘画是一种简单的方式去享受艺术。故选B。34 .最佳标题。文章主要介绍了数字绘画这种有趣的绘画方式。故选B。35 . A 37. B 38. D【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个新的项目“bicibils”一西班牙的星期五骑车 去上学的新方式以及这种方式可以减少环境污染。36 .推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“The program is called 4Cbicibus or bike bus”可推知， “bicibiis”是一种自行车公共汽车，故选A。37 .细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“ the local （本地的）police are helping stop traffic by riding in front of the bicibus and behind it”和文章最后一段中的“There have been bike. and fixmt instead of police”可知，bicibus的不同之处在于警察帮助保持安全，故选B。38 .推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一个新的项目自行车公共汽车一西班牙的 星期五骑车去上学的新方式以及这种方式可以减少环境污染，是一个社会问题，所以最可能 在报纸上看到，故选D。39 . C 40. F 41. E 42. B 43. A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了长时间看手机和电脑屏幕会引起人们近视。40 .根据空前的"When heavy computer use is added, the risk would rise to around 80%”可知， 空缺处应该填的是和大量使用电脑带来的风险相关的内容，选项C “更糟糕的是，到2050年， 世界上一半的人可能会近视”最符合语境，故选C。41 .根据空前的"In 2019, the WHO advised that children under two should not have any screen （屏幕）time”可知，空缺处应该填的是和孩子年龄和看屏幕时间相关的内容，选项2至5岁的儿童每天的屏幕时间不得超过一小时”最符合语境，故选Fo42 .根据空前的"But in the same year, a survey of 2, 000 British families found something terrible 可知，空缺处应该填的是关于孩子看屏幕时间调查结果，选项E“孩子们每周花23个小时看 屏幕”最符合语境，故选E。43 .根据空前的“Professor Bourne, an eye specialist （专家）at a British university, said Around half the world is expected to become short-sighted by 2050”可知，空缺处应该填的是专家的建 议，选项B“这是一个需要更多护理的健康问题”最符合语境，故选B。44 .根据空前的"We haven't got he answer"和空后的"And we also know people are not managing （管理） their screen time well. So future studies should collect this infdmiation，' Professor Bourne concluded”可知，空缺处应该填的是还需要更多努力，选项A“也许还需要 更多的研究”最符合语境，故选A。45 . A 45. F 46. B 47. D 48. E【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要读者的需求以及对应的感兴趣的百科全书的简介。44.根据r love Spain and I want to learn more about it and taste the food there”可知，Alice 喜欢 西班牙以及西班牙的食物，选项A“国家奶酪节每年欢迎约10万名奶酪爱好者来到西班牙。在这个节日里，你可以品尝300多种不同的奶酪”最符合Alice的需求，故选A。46 . 根据"I have learned Beijing Opera since I was 4. My hero is a famous Beijing Opera master” 可知，Nana对京剧和京剧大师感兴趣，选项F“梅兰芳是国内外最著名的京剧演员。他把京 剧带到了西方，让更多的西方人了解了它“最符合Nana的需求，故选F。47 . 根据“I'm a student in art school. I hope to meet some artists and learn from them”可知,Jack 希望认识艺术家并向他们学习，选项B“奥地利的世界人体绘画节持续一周。来自不同国家 的艺术家将参加艺术节的比赛。你可以享受他们的技能”最符合Jack的需求，故选B。48 .根据力 am a sports fan. I like to do all kinds of sports except water sports”可矢口，Sam 对除 水上运动之外的运动都感兴趣，选项D“科罗拉多州的冰冻死人节是美国最好的文化节日之-O你可以了解这个节日的历史，在寒冷的三月里做很多体育活动”最符合Sam需求，故选 Do49 . 根据“I like science and my hero is a famous scientist. He is called “the Father of China's missiles”可知I, LiLei对科学感兴趣，偶像是“中国导弹学之父”，选项E“钱学森1911年生于 杭州。1956年，他成立了第一个火箭和导弹研究所。他是发展中国导弹计划的先驱“最符合 Li Lei需求，故选E。50 . stricter 50. have left 51. their 52. Wisely 53. tohelp 54. workers 55. including 56. on 57. the 58. better【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了泰国因为新冠病毒导致出租车司机失业，一家 公司想出了在出租车上面种菜来帮助出租车司机和其他人。49 .句意：这些管制比以前更严格。根据空后的“than before”可知，应该填的是形容词strict“严 格的”比较级stricter,故填strictero.句意：从那时起，他们让首都曼谷繁忙的街道变得安静，许多出租车司机失业。根据"since then”可知，时态是现在完成时，构成：主语+have/has+动词过去分词，主语“they”是复数， 所以用have, leave"离开”的过去分词是left,故填have lefto50 .句意：许多出租车司机离开了曼谷回到了家乡。根据空后的“home villages”可知，应该 是他们的家乡，用they的形容词性物主代词their“他们的"，故填their。51 .句意：明智的是，一家公司想出了一个主意。根据"a company came up withan idea”可知, 应该填的是wise的副词wisely“明智地”修饰整个句子，首字母大写，故填Wisely。52 .句意：它承诺帮助那些失业的司机和其他人。根据固定搭配promise to do sth”答应做某 事”可知，空缺处应该填的是动词help“帮助”的不定式to help,故填to help。53 .句意：该公司的工人们通过在竹框上套上黑色塑料袋并用泥土覆盖来建造这些小花园。 根据空后的“at the company”可知，公司的工人不止一个,所以用work“工作”的名词worker“工 人”的复数workers,故填workerso.句意：包括辣椒、黄瓜和茄子。根据空前的“They then planted many kinds of crops”和空 后的"chillies, cucumbers and eggplants”可知，应该用介词 including"包括",故填 including 56.句意：曼谷的出租车行业严重依赖旅游业。固定搭配depend on”依赖，取决于"，故填on。57 .句意:因为严格的入境规定。根据空后的“country”可知，应该用定冠词the,故填the。58 .句意：除非情况好转，否则我们将继续工作。根据"We will continue the work”可知，应 该是情况好转，用good的比较级better”更好的"，故填bettero.例文：My exchange life in BeijingI once stayed in Beijing. China for two months as an exchange student. There I had many 答案第7页，共8页wonderful memories.I attended classes at a local middle school. The teachers were really caring. They gave me much help with both my studies and life. I made some Chinese friends at school and learned more about Chinese history. I even took part in a talent competition, in which I sang a Chinese song and won third place.On weekends, I enjoyed a lot of delicious local food with my host family. One sunny morning, they said that, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. So they took me to the Great Wall. As soon as T reached there, I fell in love with it and had a great time. I also watched Beijing Opera with my new friends.In a word, I really enjoyed my exchange life in Beijing.【详解】1 .题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作。在写作时应承接短文开头，根据表格中英语 提示的内容，讲述作者在北京的交换生经历，包括学校生活和各种活动。2.写作指导：本文应该用第一人称为主来叙述内容，时态采用一般过去时；在叙述内容时, 力求语句通顺，内容完整、全面，保证条理清晰、行文连贯。A. rulesB waysC. sizesLook at the dark sky! Perhaps ifll rain soon. You'd better take a rain coat with you.一OK. Til take one.A. NeverB. StillC. MaybeI have something important to tell Mr. Wang. Where is he now?In the office. Don't forget to knock at the door before you enter the office.A. run away fromB. go intoC. tidy up一 What were you doing when your father came?一 I was looking up information on the computer. I was unaware of him.A. didn't noticeB. didn't rememberC. didn't promise一Whafs wrong with you? You don9t look well.一Oh, my head hurts like nobody's business. I must see a doctor now.A. as wellB. very muchC. a bit一Do you need any help?-Not at all. It,s just a(n)box. I can carry it.A. emptyB. secretC. local一Look at the word carefully. You've missed.一Oh, I need to add another “i”.A. everythingB. somethingC. nothing 一The meal was perfect the soup.一Why? What was wrong with the soup?A. instead ofB. in addition toC. except forHow was Lisa's performance?一Great, after many tries, she finally doing the magic show.A. succeeded inB. gave upC. failed in一Have you heard that Wang Yaping will give a lesson in Tiangong space station?一Yes. I'm it.A. looking forward toB. making jokes about C. keeping in touch with三、完形填空There was once a boy who was out playing in a field with his friends. As they were playing, the boy suddenly saw a stone that looked 16, It wasn't as dull (暗淡无光的)试卷第2页，共10页as the other stones. 17, it was a little bit shiny in the Sun. But it was quite dirty. Theboy picked it up and 18 to polish （擦亮）it.Every day when they went out to play, the boy would always take the stone with him,polishing it whenever they took a 19, His friends said, "Why are you always polishingthat old stone? It isn't worth anything at all!” And they always 20 him for this.This went on for some time. Then one day, the boy joined his friends as usual. But this day he had prepared a 21 for them. When he showed them his stone, they all shoutedexcitedly. It was, in fact, not a common stone at all it was a beautiful diamond（钻石）! The boy had 22 all night the night before, polishing it until it was completely clean.There will be times in your life when people just don't 23 you. They will tell youthat you're wasting your 24 on some meaningless things. But when they do this, the25 thing you can do is pay no attention to them and continue to work toward yourgoal （目标）.16. A. clean17. A. However18. A. agreed19. A. break20. A. took care of21. A. surprise22. A. waited for23. A. remember24. A. food25. A. bestgoal （目标）.26. A. clean27. A. However28. A. agreed29. A. break30. A. took care of31. A. surprise32. A. waited for33. A. remember34. A. food35. A. bestB specialB - AnywayB refusedB showerB , worried aboutB. giftB looked aroundB protectB. timeB - worstC commonC InsteadC. decidedC. tripC made fun ofC secretC stayed upC encourageC. energyC - fastest四、阅读单选Students from the Netherlands （荷兰）built a car powered only by the Sun and they named it Stella Vita. They said it is the world's first solar-powered mobile home. And they have finished a 1, 800-mile road trip from Eindhoven, in the Netherlands, to Tarifa, Spain （西班牙）."Stella Vita gets energy through its solar panels （嵌板）on the roof and uses this energy for both driving and living J the students said. "It can get enough solar energy to drive, shower, watch TV, charge （充电）your phone and make coffee. You are free to go wherever you want without banning the environment （环境）Although it's not big enough fbr doing sports, there is a kitchen, a seating area, a bed, a shower and a bathroom.On sunny days, it can travel up to 730 km in 24 hours and reach a speed of 75 miles per hour. 660n a cloudy day, the car can still produce 60-70% of the energy,9, said one of the students. "And even if there is no sun at all, you still have a normal （普通的；正 常的）electric car that you can charge from a charging port. The drivers and passengers can also know the amount of energy used, and how much is remaining. News rep