2022年高一上学期期末模拟预测卷（天津卷）01-英语（全解全析）.docx

2022年高一上学期期末模拟预测卷01【天津卷】英语试题（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用 橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷（选择题，115分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题 卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完 每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a shop.B. At home.C. In a bank.【答案】A【原文】W: May I help you?M: Yes. rd like to try on some sports jackets. I prefer something like the one I'm wearing.2. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates.C. Mother and son.【答案】B【原文】W: I heard you got full marks in the English examination. Congratulations!M: Thanks! I'm sure you also did a good job.3. What are the speakers doing?A. Shopping.B. Attending a party.C. Preparing dinner.【答案】c【原文】M: Hi. You said that you might need some help with preparing dinner. What would you like me to do?W: Thanks fbr coming over to help. I really appreciate it. First, could you wash the vegetables? I've put them all in the sink.4. How will the speakers probably go to the concert?经验，故选D。50. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三，我们上了年纪的人都是有用的人，他们有丰富的经验，包括 知道为什么，什么和如何不断提高。A. improving提高；B. surviving幸存；C. suffering遭受；D. apologizing 道歉。由“knowing why, what and how to keep”及作者上了年纪还报读课程可知，这是一种自我提高，此 处表达的意思是“他们有丰富的经验，包括知道为什么，提高什么和如何不断提高”，故选A。第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEdinburgh is the world's festival city. There are 12 festivals throughout the year, half of which are celebrated during the months of July and August.Hundreds of thousands of people visit the Scottish capital during the summer.Here are some of the events:The Edinburgh International FestivalThis is the original Edinburgh festival, which began in 1947. Actors, musicians, dancers and opera singers from all over the world perform to huge audiences. You need tickets for most events which take place in theatres around the city.The Edinburgh Festival FringeThis is the largest arts festival in the world with thousands of shows taking place across the city. More than 20,000 artists take part, as the festival is open to anyone. Visitors can choose from a huge variety of acts.Join thousands of visitors and locals at the Royal Mile, Edinburgh's main street, to watch all kinds of performers and shows.The Edinburgh International Book FestivalThe largest book festival in the world began in 1983 and takes place every year in Charlotte Square Gardens, in the center of Edinburgh. There are more than 700 events for children and adults who love books. You can meet many authors, talk to them, ask them to sign a book or listen to them talk about their stories. Children can listen to stories and watch illustrators （插图作者）draw pictures.The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues FestivalMusic lovers come to this festival to enjoy music shows around the city. One of the highlights of this musical event is the street carnival （嘉年华），which is free to all. Artists perform street theatre, dance and circus shows in amazing costumes, and everyone can join in the dancing.51. Which is true about Edinburgh?A. It's the Scottish capital city.B It's the largest city in the world.C. The festivals are celebrated every month.D. Tourists around the world come to the city after winter.52. What do we know about the Edinburgh International Festival from the article?A. It's free to Scottish people.B. It's held at the Royal Mile.C. It takes place in July every year. D. The artists mainly perform in theatres.53. Which is the largest arts festival in the world?A. The Edinburgh International Festival.B. The Edinburgh Festival Fringe.C. The Edinburgh International Book Festival.D. The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival.54. What can visitors do at the Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival, according to the article?A They can try on different costumes.B. They can join a singing competition.C. They can take part in a street carnival.D. They can get pictures from famous painters.55. This passage is most probably taken from.A. an advertisement B. a tour journal C. a news report D. an announcement 【参考答案】51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爱丁堡的四个节日以及各自的特色活动。【详情解析】A细节理解题。根据第一段的“Edinburgh is the workTs festival city.（爱丁堡是世界上的节日之城）” 和第二段“Hundreds of thousands of people visit the Scottish capital during the summer .（在夏天， 成千上万的 人参观这个苏格兰的首都）”可知，爱丁堡是苏格兰的首都。故选A。51. 【D】细节理解题。根据 The Edinburgh International Festival 部分中的"Actors, musicians, dancers and opera singers from all over the world perform to huge audiences. You need tickets for most events which take place in theatres around the city.（来自世界各地的演员、音乐家、舞蹈家和歌剧演员为大批观众表演。城里剧院里 举行的大多数活动你都需要票）“可知，艺术家们主要在剧院表演。故选D。52. B细节理解题。根据 The Edinburgh Festival Fringe 部分中的“This is the largest arts festival in the world with thousands of shows taking place across the city.（这是世界上最大的艺术节,在全市举行数千场表演）” 可知，Edinburgh Festival Fringe是世界上最大的艺术节。故选B。53. 【C】细节理解题。根据 The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival 部分中的“One of the highlights of this musical event is the street carnival （嘉年华）,which is free to alL（这个音乐活动的亮点之一是街头嘉年华，它对所有 人都是免费的）”可知，在Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival,游客可以参加街头嘉年华。故选C。54. 【B 】推理判断题。根据第一段“Edinburgh is the world's festival city. There are 12 festivals throughout the year, half of which are celebrated during the months of July and August.（爱丁 堡是世界的节日之者 一年中有 12个节日，其中一半在7月和8月庆祝厂以及本文主要在介绍爱丁堡的四大节日，可推知，文章很可能 是摘自旅游手册。故选B。BDid you ever have to say “no” to somebody? Such as a classmate who asks to go to lunch with you? New research suggests that, at least socially, a rejection （拒绝）should not include an apology. In other words, saying you are sorry does not make the person being rejected feel any better. In fact, it might make the rejected person feel worse. That is surprising. Many people consider it to be good manners to say they are sorry when they turn down a request.Gili Freedman is doing some related research at Dartmouth College. For her research, she asked over 1,000 people to respond to different examples of social rejection. In one example, the researchers asked people for their reaction after a person named Taylor asked to join a co-worker who went out to lunch every Friday. And Taylor was told “no”. But in some cases, the person rejecting Taylor offered an apology. In other cases, the people doing the rejection did not say they were sorry. People were asked how they would feel if they were being turned down, just as Taylor was. Most said they would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology than a rejection without an apology.Freedman said the reason is that apologies make people feel like they need to say that the rejection was okay 一 even when they felt like it was not okay. Rejection without an apology lets them express their feelings of disappointment, hurt or anger more easily. Freedman also said that an apology often makes the person doing the rejection feel better - even as it makes the person being rejected feel worse.Her research deals only with social communication. A business situation might be very different. "If a manager rejects a job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or she is being fired from a job,“ Freedman said, "reactions to apologies may be different.”Why do people say they are sorry when they express rejection?A. Because they think it is more polite and acceptable.B Because they think it helps them express their dislike better.C. Because they think apologies are the basis of communication.D. Because they think it sounds more comfortable for the listener.55. In Gili Freedman's research, over 1,000 people.A. rejected others without an apologyoffered an apology when rejecting othersB. would be more hurt by a rejection with an apologywere asked to answer the question in different situations58. What role does an apology play in rejection according to Feedman?A. It makes the rejection more acceptable.B It makes a good impression on the listener.C. It makes the communication more pleasant.D. It makes the person doing the rejecting feel better.59. What will be mentioned （提及）next according to the last paragraph?A. The effect of an apology during a rejection.B. Gili Freedman's research on business situations.C. A rejection with an apology in a business situation.D. The difference between a social situation and a business one.60. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Rejections with apologies make people feel better.B Rejections shouldn't include an apology.C. Rejections should be expressed in a polite way.D. Rejections with apologies are easy to accept.【参考答案】56. A 57. D 58. D 59. C 60. B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。许多人认为拒绝别人的请求时，为了表示礼貌而说很抱歉，但是实际上，说抱歉并 不能让被拒绝的人感觉更好，拒绝时不应该道歉。【详情解析】A细节理解题。根据第段“Many people consider it to be good manners to say they are sorry when they turn down a request.（许多人认为当他们拒绝一个请求时说他们很抱歉是礼貌的）”可知，许多人认为当他 们拒绝一个请求时，为了表示礼貌而说很抱歉。因此，人们在表达拒绝时会说抱歉的原因是A项“Because they think it is more polite and acceptable.（因为他们认为这更礼貌，更容易接受）”符合题意，故选A项。56. 【D】细节理解题。根据第二段“For her research, she asked over 1,000 people to respond to different examples of social rejection.（在她的研究中，她要求超过1000人对不同的社会拒绝的例子作出反应广可知，在Gili Freedman的研究中，超过1000人被要求在不同社会拒绝的例子做出反应。因此，在Gili Freedman的研 究中，超过 1000 人是 D 项“were asked to answer the question in different situations （被要求在不同的情况下 回答这个问题户符合题意，故选D项。57. 【D】细节理解题。根据第三段“Freedman also said that an apology often makes the person doing the rejection feel better even as it makes the person being rejected feel worse.（弗里德曼还说，道歉通常会让做拒绝的人 感觉更好即使它会让被拒绝的人感觉更糟）”可知，根据弗里德曼的说法，道歉在拒绝中扮演角色是 D项“It makes the person doing the rejecting feel better.（这会让做拒绝的人感觉更好）”符合题意，故选D项。58. C推理判断题。根据最后一段"A business situation might be very different. "If a manager rejects a job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or she is being fired from a job,“ Freedman said, "reactions to apologies may be different.”（商业环境可能会非常不同。弗里德曼说：“如果经理拒绝接受面 试，或者老板必须告诉员工他或她被解雇了，对道歉的反应可能会不同。”户可知，接下来可能提到商业 环境下的拒绝以及道歉。因此，根据最后一段下一步会提到的是C项“A rejection with an apology in a business situation.（在商业场合拒绝并道歉）”符合题意，故选C项。59. B主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“New research suggests that, at least socially, a rejection should not include an apology. In other words, saying you are sorry does not make the person being rejected feel any better.（新的研究表明，至少在社交方面，拒绝不应该包括道歉。换句话说，说对不起并不能让 被拒绝的人感觉更好广可知，本文主要阐述一个道理：当拒绝别人的请求时，说抱歉并不能让被拒绝的 人感觉更好，拒绝时不应该包含道歉。因此，这篇文章的主旨是B项“Rejections shouldn飞include an apology.（拒绝不应该包括道歉）”符合题意，故选B项。CTwo roller skaters were crouched（蹲伏）low, knees bent and bodies pressed together, fighting to stay glued to prevent a third skater slip through and break their wall. This was a roller derby（轮）骨阻拦赛）practice for the TinyTerrors, a team of skaters aged 8-11 in the Gotham Girls Junior League of New York City. "They want to fight and get really fast, and they find so much confidence,said Kristen Campbell, director of the junior derby program.Roller derby is played with two teams of five skaters on a track. One player on each team serves as the jammer whose job is to race around the track and score points without getting blocked by the other team. The match is made up of two 30-minute periods that each consists of shorter plays or jams. Each jam lasts two minutes or until the lead jammer calls it off, usually a move made to stop the other jammer from catching up and scoring points.You have probably heard of adults playing roller derby, but a growing number of young people are attracted by the fast-paced sport. Campbell owes the increase in interest partly to a popular novel called "Roller Girl.Campbell described the junior league as a shelter for girls who aren't sure where they fit in at school. "I've had so many parents tell me their child was having trouble with anxiety or bullying（欺负）or that they didn't fit into any sport or art club or whatever it is J she said. “And then they find roller derby and everything is solved.”Many of the girls said they got much more out of the sport than just exercise. As Campbell tells it, those extra lessons are really the point. Strength, confidence and body positivity have long been values of roller derby, even if it's subliminal rather than open and direct.Of course, like any contact sport, injuries are unavoidable.“They don't go for big hits J Campbell said. "Now we focus more on hip blocking and using lateral（横向的） movement to blockleaning each other out with light contact." Besides, the girls don't mind the occasional bump. “It's sort of like a medal J Campbell said, smiling.60. What can we learn about roller derby?A. It is played with five skaters on a track.B. It is the most dangerous sport especially for kids.C. It lasts an hour with some short plays in a game.D. The jammer's job is to stop others getting scores.61. What can we learn from the passage?A. Girls often get injured in roller derby practice.B , Roller derby is the most competitive sport at school.C. Roller derby helps girls free from being bullied at school.D. A novel contributes to the popularity of roller derby among girls.62. By saying "it's subliminal rather than open and direct”, the author means.A. people can gain a lot from roller derbyB roller derby has fewer values than we thinkC. it is easy to show the values of roller derbyD. many people are not aware of the values of roller derby63. According to Campbell, the roller derby girls.A. do better than adult playersB. wear their wounds with prideC. fear nothing but fierce bumpsD. won't learn full contact until they're 1265 . What is the best title for the passage?A. Girls build confidence in the tough world of roller derby.B Roller derby becomes popular among kids around the world.C. How roller derby changes the life of girls in the US.D. The Tiny Terrors calls for more brave girls to join.【参考答案】C 62. D 63. D 64. B 65. A【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一本名为轮滑女郎的小说使得德比轮滑受到了女孩子们欢迎, 尽管很多人还没有意识到德比轮滑的价值，但是，女孩子们在德比轮滑的训练和比赛中增强了力量，信心, 以及身体的积极性。【详情解析】C细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“The match is made up of two 30-minute periods that each consists of shorter plays or jams.（这场比赛分为两个30分钟的时段，每个时段都有较短的比赛或卡赛。广可知，比 赛由两场30分钟的比赛时段组成，即，比赛全程为1小时，且每个时段都有较短的比赛。故选C项。61. D细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Campbell owes the increase in interest partly to a popular novel callecTRollerGiiV（坎贝尔把兴趣的增长部分归功于一本名为轮滑女郎的流行小说。厂可知，一本名 为轮滑女郎的小说促进了女孩们对于轮滑的兴趣增长。故选D项。62. 【D】词义猜测题。分析前文"Strength, confidence and body positivity have long been values of roller derby（力 量、信心和身体的积极性一直是德比轮滑的价值所在户可知，德比轮滑能够帮助增强力量，信心，以及 身体的积极性，是对德比轮滑的价值肯定，划线句"it's subliminal rather than open and direct”中的关键词 "rather than open and direct”则理解为这些价值不会像其他的运动能够从赛场表现，技术动作等方面直接 体现出来，是内在的一种进步，是不易察觉的。由此可推知，作者通过划线句想要表达“很多人还不能 完全认识或看到它的价值”含义。故选D项。63. B推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Besides, the girls don't mind the occasional bump.sort of likea medal,'Campbell said, smiling.（再说了，姑娘们不介意