2022年高一上学期期末模拟预测卷（全国卷）01-英语（解析版）.docx

2022年高一上学期期末模拟预测卷01【全国卷】英语试题（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题 卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完 每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.£ 19. 15.B.£9. 18.C. £ 9. 15.答案是CoWhat are the two speakers talking about?A. The gift.B. The class.C. The new professor.【答案】C【原文】W: What do you think of the new professor?M: Quite good. He has the gift of making his class interesting.1. Why can the man speak German?A. He is German. B. His teacher taught him. C. He used to live in Germany.【答案】c【原文】W: You can speak German? Where did you learn it?M: I used to live in Germany with my mother when I was little.2. Why doesn't the woman go to Europe?A. She is terrified. B. She doesn't like Europe. C. She has been there before.【答案】A【原文】M: Have you ever been to Europe?A. By carrying out surveys.C. By doing tests on some people.B By searching information on the Internet.D. By performing experiments in the lab.34. What can we know about slower walkers according to paragraph 3?B - Their faces looked younger.D. They had smaller brains.B Slow walking and aging.D. Walk slowly, Live happily.A. Their teeth were in better shape.C. They should try to exercise less.35. What is the best title of the passage?A. Forever Young.C. Slow Life.【参考答案】A 33. C 34. D 35. B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，走得慢会导致衰老加速，而快速走路的人会更加健康， 因此我们要在年轻的时候就改变生活方式，快速走路，来延长健康的精神和身体状态。【详情解析】32.【A 】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But the latest piece of research might make you happy if you're someone who walks at a fast speed. That's because the speed at which people walk in their 40s is a sign of how much their brains and their bodies are aging.（但最新的一项研究可能会让你感到高兴，如果你是一个走得快的人。 这是因为人们在40多岁时的走路速度是他们大脑和身体衰老程度的标志。户可知，最新的研究表明，走 路的速度是衰老程度的标志。故选A项。32. C细节理解题。根据文章第三段"The BBC's Philippa Roxby writes that tests on 1, 000 people found that slower walkers tended to show signs of "accelerated （加速的）aging”. （BBC 的菲利帕罗克斯比写道，对 1000 人进行的测试发现，走得慢的人往往会出现“加速衰老”的迹象。户可知，研究人员是通过对一些人们进 行测试得到这个结果的。故选C项。33. D细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The study also found not only did slower walkers9 bodies age more quickly, their faces looked older and they had smaller brains.（研究还发现，走路慢的人不仅身体衰老得更快， 他们的脸看起来也更老，而且他们的大脑也更小）”可知，走路慢的人的大脑也更小。故选D项。34. B主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究，走的慢会导致衰老加速，而快速走路的人会更加健康，所以B选项“走路慢和衰老”能概括文章大意，适合用作文章标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Bad weather drags your spirits down. There's nothing you can do about the weather. 36.Find things to enjoy about winter.A snowy, icy, cold, or rainy world can be beautiful and often has sounds and smells of its own. If you're an artist, or photographer, winter provides a great deal of inspiration and different colors to work with. 37.You can simply watch a winter scene from the comfort of your home and it's a pleasant way to relax and enjoy the peace.Take part in winter activities.38. If you're a beginner to these snow sports, try learning in areas where you won't be worriedabout more experienced people crowding you out. Local parks are ideal starting points to encourage you to get out and give new winter sports a go.Winter comes with the shortest days and lowest light of the year. Go out if you can. If you can't, or if you're so far from the equator as to have little or no daylight, use bright lights and perhaps light or white walls.Stay active.As much as possible, get yourself outside. Take at least a short walk. If the weather does not permit, move around inside. Walk up and down your stairs if you have them. 40 It also regulates such things as sleepand diet. Move around at least a bit each day.A - Go outB Brighten upC. Perhaps you don't feel that creativeEnjoy skiing, sledding, or ice-skatingD. Making snowmen is a fun activity for both kids and adultsBut there are various things you can do to keep your spirits up until springE. Exercise gets your body temperature up and your blood flowing【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者针对冬天如何让自己的心情愉快这一问题，给出了自己的建议。【详情解析】F 根据上文“Bad weather drags your spirits down. There's nothing you can do about the weather.（坏天气会使你情绪低落。你对天气无能为力）”及下文提出的建议可知，我们可以做很多事情来应对坏天气对情绪的影响。由此可知，F. But there are various things you can do to keep your spirits up until spring.（但是你可以做很多事情来保持你的精神直到春天）与上文形成转折，符合此处语境。故选F。36. C 根据上文“If you're an artist, or photographer, winter provides a great deal of inspiration and differentcolors to work w汕.（如果你是一名艺术家或摄影师，冬天会给你带来很多灵感和不同的色彩）”及下文“You can simply watch a winter scene from the comfort of your home and it's a pleasant way to relax and enjoythe peace.（你可以在舒适的家里看一场冬季的风景，这是一种放松和享受和平的愉快方式广可知，如果你 是一名艺术家或摄影师，缺乏灵感，无法创作时，可以选择放松。由此可知，C. Perhaps you don feel that creative （也许你不觉得有创造力）能够承上启下，符合此处语境。故选C。37. D根据段落主旨“Take part in winter activities.（参加冬季活动）”及下文“If you're a beginner to thesesnow sports, try learning in areas where you won't be worried about more experienced people crowding youout.（如果你是这些雪上运动的初学者，尝试在你不会担心更有经验的人排挤你的地方学习）“可知，本段 主要讲述的是在冬季参加的雪上活动。由此可知，D. Enjoy skiing, sledding, or ice-skating（享受滑雪、滑雪或滑冰的乐趣）符合此处语境。故选D。38. B空格处为段落标题。根据下文“Winter comes with the shortest days and lowest light of the year. Go out if you can. If you can't, or if you,re so far from the equator as to have little or no daylight, use bright lights and perhaps light or white walls.（冬天是一年中白昼最短，光照最少的季节。如果可以的话，出去走走。如果 你不能，或者你离赤道太远，很少或根本没有日光，使用明亮的灯光，也许浅色的或白色的墙壁厂可知, 本段讲述的是用明亮的灯或是浅色的或者白色的墙，使周围的环境变得明亮起来。由此可知，B. Brighten up （变得明亮起来）适合作本段主旨。故选B。39. G 根据上文“Take at least a short walk. If the weather does not permit, move around inside. Walk up and down your stairs if you have them.（至少走一小段路。如果天气不允许，在室内走动。如果有楼梯的话，可 以上下楼梯）”及下文“It also regulates such things as sleep and diet.（它还可以调节睡眠和饮食）”可知，此处 在讲述运动的好处。由止匕可矢口， G. Exercise gets your body temperature up and your blood flowing（运动使你 的体温升高，血液流动）符合此处语境。故选G。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One is never too young to be a hero. Noah Woodss, a boy of 41 five years old, took smart actions during a（n） 42 and helped save his entire family.It was a Sunday night. Noah, together with his family, was 43 in their home in Bartow County, Georgia, when he woke up to 44 and fire in the bedroom that he shared with his two-year-old sister. He jumped out of his bed, 45 his sister and got out of the house through the only 46 way out, an open window. And guess what? Noah didn't stop there-he went back in to get the family dog and pulled it to47. He then ran next door to his uncle's house for help. Together, they 48 the family.Everyone was able to 49.“We've seen children save their 50 before/9 thee local fire department chief Dawson Jamison told CNN. "51 for a five-year-old to do thisthafs really amazing! The fire 52 by somethingburning in Noah*s bedroom. 53firefighters arrived, they treated Noah and four54 familymembers for small burns and smoke they 55grandfather David Woods said.“Thank God, all nine of our family were able to 56 our home, "Noah's grandfather David Woods said, “ 57 Noah, we would not be here today.”The local fire department will recognize Noah on Friday as an honorary 58 and present him with a special award. 59, his story was even heard by Brian Kemp, Governorof Georgia, who 60 hima letter to be read at Friday's meeting.41.A.nearlyB.almostC.onlyD.fully42.A.earthquakeB.accidentC.stormD.fire43.A.sleepyB.asleepc.awakeD.alive44.A.noiseB.smokec.dustD.darkness45.A.heldB.warnedc.talked withD.shouted at【语篇解读】46. A. difficultB availableC. leftD. long47. A. safetyB. dangerC. spaceD. water48. A. ledB. droveC rescuedD. lost49. A. avoidB. stayC. runD. escape50. A. familiesB. friendsC. petsD. classmates51. A. AndB. ButC. AlthoughD. So52. A. brought inB. put outC. was raisedD. was started53. A. WhenB. WhileC. BeforeD. For54. A. anotherB - othersC- otherD. each55. A. breathed inB- brought outC. put inD. picked out56. A. come intoB , check out ofC. rush intoD. get out of57. A. ThroughoutB - ThroughC. WithoutD. W汕58. A. guardB - firefighterC workerD. officer59. A. ActuallyB. PersonallyC. FrequentlyD. Really60. A. passedB- broughtC. wroteD. lent【参考答案】41. C 42. D 43.B 44. B 45. A46. B 47. A 48.C 49. D 50. A51. B 52. D 53.A 54. C 55. A56. D 57. C 58.B 59. A 60. C这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名5岁的男孩在卧室里被火焰惊醒，但他没有惊慌，并救出了全 家人，后来因为他的英勇行为而受到表彰奖励的故事。【详情解析】.【C】考查副词词义辨析。句意：诺亚伍德斯，一个仅仅五岁的男孩，在一场火灾中采取了聪明的行 动，帮助拯救了他的全家。A. nearly几乎、接近；B. almost几乎、差不多；C. only仅仅；D. fully充分 地。根据空格后的6ve years old可知，此处用only表示“仅仅”5岁的男孩救了全家，符合语境。故选C 项。41 .【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. earthquake地震；B. accident事故；C.storm暴风雨；D. fire 火灾。根据下文第二段中fire in the bedroom可知，此处是指“火灾”，与下文呼应。故选D项。42 . B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是一个星期天夜晚。诺亚和他的家人在佐治亚州巴托县的家中 睡着了，醒来时发现他和两岁的妹妹合住的卧室里有烟和火。A. sleepy困倦的；B. asleep睡着的；C.awake 醒着的；D. alive活着的。根据上文“It was a Sunday night（那是一个星期天夜晚广可知，夜晚应该是睡觉 的时间，所以此处用asleep表示他们处于“睡着的”状态，符合语境。故选B项。43 . B考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. noise噪音；B. smoke烟；C.dust灰尘；D. darkness黑暗。 根据空格后的fire可知，火灾肯定会有烟，所以此处用smoke表示"烟”符合语境。故选B项。44 . A考查动词和短语辨析。句意：他从跳下床，抱着妹妹，从唯一的出路一扇开着的窗户 逃出了房子。A. held抱着、抓住；B. warned警告;C. talked with与 交谈；D. shouted at对 大喊。根据上文“his two-year-old sister（他两岁的妹妹广可知，他妹妹还很小，所以此处用动词hold的过 去式held表示“抱着”妹妹逃出房子，符合语境。故选A项。45 . B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. difficult B. available C. left D. longo根据下文“an open window（开着的窗户）”可知，窗户应该是一个可利用的通道，所以此处用available表示“可利用的、可获 得的”符合语境。故选B项。46 . A考查名词词义辨析。句意：你猜怎么着?诺亚并没有就此止步他回去把家里的狗到安全的地 方。A. safety 安全；B. danger 危险；C. space 太空；D. water 水。根据下文“He then ran next door to his uncle's house for help（然后他跑到隔壁叔叔家寻求帮助广可知，他应该是把狗放到安全地方后才去叔叔家求助， 所以此处用safety表示“安全地带”符合语境。故选A项。47 .【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一起拯救了这家人。A. led指引；B. drove驾驶；C.rescued拯 救；D. lost丢失。根据下文“present him with a special award（给他颁发一个特别奖广可知，此处指他们“拯 救”了一家人，符合语境。故选C项。48 . D考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都得以逃脱。A. avoid避免；B. stay停留；C. run奔跑；D. escape 逃走。根据上文第8题可知，家人应该是得救了，所以此用escape表示每个人都得以“逃脱”符合语境。 故选D项。49 .【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地消防局长道森贾米森告诉CNN： “我们以前看到过孩子们救他 们的家人。"A. families家人；B. friends朋友；C. pets宠物；D. classmates同学。根据上文第8题空格后 的family可知，此处也用family表示救过他们的“家人”符合语境。故选A项。50 .【B】考查连词词义辨析。句意：“但是对于一个5岁的孩子来说能做这个，这真的太不可思议了!” 大火是由诺亚卧室里燃烧的东西引起的。A.And和；B. But但是；C Although尽管；D.So因此。根据 下文“thafs really amazing!（这真的太不可思议了!广可知，空格处和上文之间是转折关系，所以用but表转 折，符合语境。故选B项。51 .【D】考查动词短语辨析。句意:同上。A. brought in引进;B.putout熄灭、出版;C.was raised被提 出；D. was started被引起。分析句意再根据空格后的by可知，此处用was started表示火灾是“被引起”的符合语境。故选D项。52 . A考查考查连词词义辨析。句意：祖父大卫伍兹说，当消防员赶到时，他们对诺亚和其 他四名家庭成员进行了轻微烧伤和吸入烟雾的治疗。A. When当时；B. While当时；C. Before 在之前；D. For为了。根据空格后的瞬间动词arrived可知,此处不能用表示“时间段”的while,所 以应该用when表示“时间点”符合语境。故选A项。53 .【C】考查代词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. another另一个;B.others其他人;C.other其他的;D. each 每个。根据空格后的family members可知，此处应该用形容词other表示“其他的”家庭成员，符合语境。 故选C项。54 .【A】考查短语辨析。句意：同上。A. breathed in吸入；B.brought out生产、出版；C.put in放入； D. picked out挑选出。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是smoke,所以应该用breathed in表示“吸入”的烟，符合语境。故选A项。55 . D考查短语辨析。句意：诺亚的祖父大卫伍兹说：“感谢上帝，我们全家九口都能走出家门，若 没有诺亚，我们今天就不会在这里。"A. come into进入；B. check out of结账离开；C.rush into匆忙进 入、冲进；D. get out of从中出来。根据上文第9题可知，全家人逃脱了火灾，所以此处是指全家人 从家里逃脱出来，所以用get out of表示“从家里出来“符合语境。故选D项。56 .【C】考查介词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. Throughout遍及、贯穿;B.Through穿过;C.Without没有; D. With随着。根据下文“we would not be here today(我们今天就不会在这里)”可知，此处用without表假 设关系，即含蓄条件句的虚拟语气，意思是“如果没有。符合语境。故选C项。57 .【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地消防部门将于周五表彰诺亚为荣誉消防员，并向他颁发特别奖。 A. guard 卫兵；B. firefighter 消防员；C. worker 工人；D. officer 军官。根据上文的“The local fire department (当地消防部门)”可知，消防部分应颁发与消防有关的奖项，所以此处用firefighter表示“消防员”符合语 境。故选B项。58 .【A】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他的故事甚至被乔治亚州州长布莱恩坎普听到了，他给他 写了一封信，准备在周五的会议上宣读。A. Actually事实上、其实；B. Personally个人地；C. Frequently 频繁地；D. Really真正地。根据下文“his story was even heard by Brian Kemp(他的故事甚至被乔治亚州州 长布莱恩坎普听到广可知，此处用Actually表示“事实上、其实' 符合语境。故选A项。59 .【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. passed经过；B. brought带来；C.wrote写；D. lent 借出。根据下文的letter可知，此处用短语write sb a letter指“给某人写信”，符合语境。故选C项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Taj Mahal (泰姬陵),61 was built between 1631 and 1648, is a masterpiece of architecture.62 took more than 20,000 workers and 1,000 elephants to complete the project. In63 early17th century, India was ruled by an emperor 64 (name) Shah Jahan. The emperor loved his wife so much that when she died, he built the TajMahal in her memoy. Shah Jahan was later buried next 65 his wife, and the couple now rest together forever.If the Taj Mahal is a 66 (celebrate) of the heart, then the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties are a monument (纪念碑)to the mind and spirit. Built by several emperors between 1368 and 1915, the Imperial Tombs represent Chinese cultural and 67 (history) values that have been handed down from generation to generation for 68(thousand) of years.Over the years the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Sites programme 69 (attempt) to design activities and work out laws70(preserve) the best of human history. Masterpieces such as the TajMahal and the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties remind us of what we can achieve, and inspire us to live up to our great past in the future.【参考答案】. which 62. It 63. the 64. named 65. to 66. celebration 67. historic/ historical68. thousands 69. has attempted/has been attempting 70. to preserve【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章对泰姬陵和明清皇家陵寝作了相关介绍，同时说明了它们的历史意义。【详情解析】61.【which】考查定语从句。句意：泰姬陵建于1631年至1648年间，是一座建筑杰作。分析句子可知, 空格后为非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词The Taj Mahal,指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，用关系 代词which引导。故填whicho60 . It考查固定句型。句意：完成这个项目需要超过20,000名工人和1000头大象。本处是It + take + sb.+time/money/effort + to do sth.的句型，表示“做某事要花费（某人）多少时间/金钱/精力”， 其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语；句首单词首字母用大写。故填It。61 .【the】考查冠词。句意：17世纪早期，印度由一位名叫Shah Jahan的皇帝统治。序数词前用定冠词 the修饰。故填the。62 .【named】考查过去分词。句意：在17世纪早期，印度由一位名叫Shah Jahan的皇帝统治。提示词是 非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语name之间是被动关系，故用name的过去分词形式，作后置定语修饰emperor。 故填named o.【to】考查固定短语。句意:Shah Jahan后来被安葬在他的妻子旁边，这对夫妇现在永远安息在一起。 分析句子可知本处表示“Shah Jahan被安葬于他的妻子旁边二 表示“在旁边”用固定短语next to。故 填tOo63 . celebration考查名词。句意：如果说泰姬陵是心灵的庆典，那么明清帝陵就是心灵和精神的丰碑。 由冠词a可知空处填单数名词作表语，根据英文提示。故填celebration。64 .【historic/historical】考查形容词。句意：皇家陵寝是由几位皇帝在1368年至1915年间建造的，它代 表了中国几千年来代代相传的文化和历史价值。分析句子可知，空处缺形容词作定语修饰后面的名词 values,根据英文提示，用history的形容词形式historic或historical均符合题意。故填historic/historical。65 .【thousands】考查固定用法。句意：皇家陵寝是由几位皇帝在1368年至1915年间建造的，它代表了 中国几千年来代代相传的文化和历史价值。数词thousands of为固定短语，表示不确切的数目，thousands of years表示"几千年"，符合句意。故填thousandso.【has attempted或has been attempting】考查动词时态。句意：多年来，联合国教科文组织世界文化遗 产项目一直试图设计活动和制定法律，保护人类历史的最佳成果。分析句子可知，本句表述的事情发生 在过去，并一直持续到现在，应用现在完成时；若强调动作的延续性，即表示一个动作从过去开始延续 到现在，并且还将持续下去，可用现在完成进行时；由主语programme可知谓语用单数形式。故填has attempted 或 has been attemptingo66 .【topreserve】考查不定式。句意：多年来，联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产项目一直试图设计活动 和制定法律，保护人类历史的最佳成果。本句已有谓语，空处用非谓语，分析句意可知本处用不定式短 语作目的状