2019年6月大学英语四级真题及解析.docx

2019年6月大学英语四级真题及解析Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this pant, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper onavisitto a Hope Elementary School organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.【听力原文】News Report OneFrance is facing potentially more than $I billion in lost revenue this year due to hugedeclines in tourism.Safety concerns have been one of the biggest reasons why the country has lost over half a billion in revenue already in the first six months of 2016.The terror attacks in Paris lastNovember were called Europe's worst in the past decade. Besides violence, workers' strikes and heavy floods are said to have also been why international tourists have stayed away.So far in the Paris region, there's been a 46%decline in Japanese visitors, 35%fewer Russians and 27% fewer Italians. American travelers seem the least affected. Their numbers have only dropped by roughly 5%.According to the French government, the country is the No.l tourist destination in the world, and, tourism is extremely important to the French economy. The sector represents roughly 9%of its GDP. The head of Paris' Tourism Board said: "It's time to realize that the tourism sector is going through an industrial disaster.'1Questions I and 2 are based on the news report you have j ust heard.1. What counts most for the huge declines in tourism in France?A. Heavy floods.B. Safety concerns.C. Bad economy.D. Workers1 strikes.2. What do we learn from the report about tourism in France?A. It is competitive with its numerous tourist destinations.B. It provides manyjob opportunities for French people.C. Itis the biggest concern of the French government.D. It plays an important role in the nation's economy.【听力原文】News Report TwoA small plane with two sick US workers arrived safely in Chile late Wednesday after leaving Antarctica in a daring rescue mission from a remote South Pole research station.After making a stop for a few hours at a British station on the edge of Antarctica, the two workers were flown to the southernmost Chilean city of Punta Arenas. In a chaotic two days ofYoung men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women.41. More young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayed marriage.42. The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to their decreased pay in recent decades.43. The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents.44. One reason for young adults to live with their parents is that they get married late or stays single all their lives.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.According to the majority of Americans , women are eveiybit as capable ofbeing good political leaders as men.The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporateboardroom. And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they're stronger than men in terms ofbeing passionate and organized leaders.So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States? According to the public, at least, it's not that they lack toughness, management talent or proper skill sets.It's also not all about work-life balance. Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles. Only about one-in-five say women's family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren't more females in top leadership positions in business and politics.Instead, topping the list of reasons , about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves. Similar shares say the electorate (选民) and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future,even though women have made major advances in theworkplace. While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future, 44%say it' s only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men. Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics: 73%expect to see a female president in their lifetime.45. What do most Americans think of women leaders according to a new Pew Research Center survey?A. They have to do more to distinguish themselves.B. They have to strive harder to win their positions.C. They are stronger than men in terms of willpowerD. They are just as intelligent and innovative as men.46. What do we learn from previous survey findings about women seeking leadership roles?A. They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success.B. They are lacking in confidence when competing with men.C. Their failures may have something to do with family duties.D. Relatively few are hindered in their career advancement.47. What is the primary factor keeping women from taking top leadership positions according to the recent survey?A. Personality traits.B. Gender bias.C. F amily responsibilities.D. Lack of vacancies.48. What does the passage say about corporate America in the near future?A. More and more women will sit in the boardroom.B. Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change.C. The public is undecided about whether women will make good leaders.D. People have opposing opinions as to whether it will have more women leaders.49. What do most Americans expect to see soon on America's political stage?A. A woman in the highest position of government.B. More and more women actively engaged in politics.C. A majority of women voting for a female president.D. As many women in top government positions as men.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014.The results reveal thatwhile Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from 12 th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5 cm. Latvian women, meanwhile rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with an average height of 169.8cm.James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College, London, says the global trend is likely to be due primarily to improvements in nutrition and healthcare. "An individual's genetics has a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genetics plays a less key role," he added.A little extra height brings a number of advantages,says Elio Riboli oflmperialCollege. "Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy," he said, "This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular （心血管的）disease amongtaller people.H"But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many countries of north and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern," says Riboli. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recentyears, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds."One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s, "said Alexandei Moradi of the University of Sussex. The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has important implications. "How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in,nhe said. "If we givechildren the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come. H50. What does the global study tell us about people's height in the last hundred years?A. There is a remarkable difference across continents.B. There has been a marked increase in most countries.C. The increase in people's height has been quickening.D. The increase in women's height is bigger than in men'sWhat does James Bentham say about genetics in the increase of people's height?A. It counts less than generally thought.B.It outweighs nutrition and healthcare.C.It impacts more on an individual than ona population.D .It plays a more significant role in females than in males.51. What does Elio Riboli say about taller people?A. They tend to live longer.B. They enjoy an easier life.C. They generally risk fewer fatal diseases. D. They have greater expectations in life.52. What do we learn about 18-year-olds in Uganda and Niger?A. They grow up slower than their peers in other countries.B. They are actually shorter than their earlier generations.C. They find it hard to bring their potential into full play.D. They have experienced many changes of government.53. What does James Bentham suggest we do?A. Watch closely the global trend in children's development.B Make sure that our children grow up to their full height.C. Try every means possible to improve our environment.D Ensure our children grow up in an ideal environment.Part IV Translation ( 30 minutes )Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2.灯笼起源于东汉，最初主要用于照明。在唐代，人们用红灯笼来庆祝安定的生活。从 那时起，灯笼在中国的许多地方流行起来。灯笼通常用色彩鲜艳的薄纸制作，形状和尺寸 各异。在中国传统文化中，红灯笼象征生活美满和生意兴隆，通常在春节、元宵节和国庆 等节日期间悬挂。如今，世界上许多其他地方也能看到红灯笼。2019年6月英语四级真题解析(第二套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)【写作范文】A group of student volunteers, recruited by the Student Union, went to visit a Hope Elementary School in a neighboring county on May 25 th with the intention of celebrating the upcoming Dragon Boat Festival with the children there.Upon arrival, our volunteers were surrounded by a crowd of lively children. Their innocent smiles refreshed everyone exhausted from the long journey. After being guided to a classroom, the volunteers unpacked a suitcase filled with precooked sticky rice dumplings.While thedumplings were heated lip, a volunteer explained the origins and customs of the Dragon Boat Festival to the children, who could hardly hide their growing excitement. The meal finished, a tug of war contest was held as a substitute for a dragon boat race, in which all the kids seemed deeply involved either by pulling the rope with all their strength or cheering competitors on wildly.It was a day of real j oy. But more than that , our volunteers gave the pupils a rewarding experience with the glamour of traditional Chinese culture and teamwork.【范文译文】5月25日，学生会招募的一批志愿者去参观了邻县一所希望小学，打算和学校的孩子们共 同庆祝即将到来的端午节。我校志愿者刚到达，便被一群活泼的孩子围住。他们天真无邪的笑容让每一位舟车劳 顿的志愿者都感到神清气爽。志愿者们被领到教室后打开了手提箱，里面装满了熟制粽子。加 热粽子的过程中，一名志愿者为孩子们讲解端午节的来历和习俗，孩子们则难以掩饰越发 强烈的兴兴奋感。吃完粽子之后，志愿者组织了一场拔河比赛以替代划龙舟竞赛，孩子们 似乎都积极投入其中，要么拼尽全力拉绳，要么使劲为参赛选手加油助威。这是真正让人愉快的一天。但更重要的是，我校志愿者让孩子们感受了中国传统文化 和团队合作的魅力，让他们有所收获。Part II Listenine Comprehension (25 minutes)01-05: BDCAD06-10: BCDCB 11-15: ABCDA16-20: CDBAB21-25: ADCABReading Comprehension (40 minutes)26-30: CIKJA31-35:BOGFM36-40: HEGBK41-45:FIHJG46-50: DCBDA51-55: BCABD26 .【解析】C. brutal.27 .【解析】I. image.空26位于副词most和名词predators之间，应加形容词或ed分 词。The 27 of a cultured creature 作宾语，空27应为名词。提示句中"26 predators""27 ofa cultured creature”存在矛盾，而现有信息“食肉动物VS文化的生物”已能体现该矛盾，故 空27应为image：空26应进一步强化两者间的矛盾，结合食肉动物的惯常特征，可推知空 26应表示“凶猛、残暴、野蛮”，brutal正确。28 .【解析】K. refined.空处位于副词highly和名词behaviors之间，应加形容词或ed 分词。结合However所含转折语气及上句大意“虎鲸在惯常认知中不属于有文化的生物” 可推知，空格词应与cultured近义，表示“有文化、有教养”。29 .【解析】J. literally.空处在which从句成分完整，可知空格词应为副词。空格句指 出，“文化” 一词源自意思是“培养”。推知空格句意在介绍culture 一词"原本、字面、最 基本地”的含义.literally正确。30 .【解析】A. acquired.空处位于系动词is之后，与learnt为并列关系（由or连接）， 故空格词应为ed分词。空处词语义应与learnt相近，与instinctive和natural相反，表示" 后天习得的".acquired正确。31 .【解析】B. adaptations.32 .【解析】O. thrive.空31为所在句宾语,由certain, genetic修饰,结合其后help可 知其为名词（复数）。空32位于allow sb tod。结构中，应为动词原形。大意为：数代爱斯 基摩人狩猎北极地区脂肪丰富的海洋哺乳动物，使自身发展出了有助于其消化、利用这种 高脂饮食的某些遗传-31,从而使其能在寒冷的气候中32。空31应表示“（对于新情况的） 适应性、特性"，adaptations正确；空32应表示“繁衍、壮大; thrive正确。33【解析】G. habitats.34 .【解析】F. extends.空33作宾语，由a range of different修饰，应为名词（复数）， 空34作that定语从句的谓语，从句主语（先行词）an empire为可数名词单数，故空34应 为动词的第三人称单数形式。句子大意：虎鲸和人类一样，聚居在全球不同的33,占据着 地球上每一片海洋盆地，拥有从一极34至另一极的帝国。空33应表示“区域、栖息地”， habitats正确；空34应表示“跨越、延伸"，extends正确。35 .【解析】M. speculate.空处位于lead sb to do结构中，应为动词原形。句子大意为： （由于分布极广，各地虎鲸需学会各种狩猎技巧，）转而又会对其饮食习惯产生重大影响， 导致科学家：学习种群特有狩猎方式的能力可能正推动虎鲸的遗传发展。X could be driving Y 很明显是“推测性的判断”，空格词应表示“下结论、推断、猜测 speculate正确。36,【译文】无业年轻男性比有工作的年轻男性更可能与父母同住。【解析】H.段句指出对于年轻男性，有工作的人仍与父母同住的可能性比无业者小 得多。试题是对该句大意的同义改写，比较结构复现，试题将原文的比较对象调换了顺序：A are.less likely to.than B 同义改写为 B are more likely to.than A.37 .【译文】2014年，18至34岁的男性与父母同住的比例高于同龄女性。【解析】E.段句介绍2014年年轻男性的选择”28%与父母同住，35%与配偶或伴侣同 住”，句介绍年轻女性的选择”35%与配偶或伴侣同住，29%与父母同住”,试题从句 中提取两性“与父母同住的情况”加以概括。38 .【译文】在过去三十年左右的时间里，结婚或伴侣同居的年轻人比例极大地下降了。【解析】G.段末句指出年轻人结婚或与伴侣同居的总体比例自1990年以来大幅下降。试 旦而VvF T V" 'Jdl61 Irtl ,C/ 加力;卡 TL q nqfCQh +c rtd cf 11 彩士伟 +L q11 de vo c。；*"» the past three decades or so 是基于 since 1990 换算而来。39 .【译文】2。世纪中期前后，在18至34岁的人中仅有20%住在父母家里。【解析】B.段句描述1960年左右的现象“18到34岁的人中，与配偶或伴侣同住的 比例达历史最高（62%）,仅有五分之一与父母同住”，试题是对该句部分信息的同义改写。40【译文】拥有大学学位的年轻人发现他们更容易脱离父母独立居住。【解析】K.段末句指出拥有大学学位的年轻人就业表现更好，也就更容易组建自己的 小家庭。试题同义改写，live independently of their parents 与句中 to establish their own households 同义。41【译文】轻男性最终成为单亲家长的可能性低于年轻女性。【解析】F.段句分析出现更多年轻女性独自成家这一现象的原因。试题是对该句所 含信息的反 向改写（Y oung men are less likely to. = women are more likely. to. ）o42 .【译文】由于晚婚，与父母同住的年轻女性比以前更多了。【解析】I.试题是对该句大意的改写。due to对应explain,说明因果