2021-2022学年河北省石家庄四十一中高二（上）期中英语试卷（附答案详解）.docx

202L2022学年河北省石家庄四十一中高二（上）期中英语试卷一、单选题(本大题共16小题，共48.0分)1. Our master often told us things for granted.()A. not to have B. not to take C. didn't take D. not to make2. The light in the office is still on.一Oh, I forgot.A. turning it offB. turn it offC. to turn it offD. having turned it off3. I would love to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.()A. to goB. to have gone C. goingD. having gone4. Charles Babbage is generally considered the first computer. ()A. to inventB. inventingC. to have inventedD. having invented5. In some parts of London, missing a bus means for another hour.A. waitingB. to waitC. waitD. to be waiting6. -Do you often have someone your clothes?-Yes, I often have them ()A. wash； to washB. to wash； washedC. washed； washD. wash； washed7. If the work by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.( )A. is completedB. to be completedC. has been completedD. being completed8. I think it is no use with Emma.()A. arguingB. to argueC. to be arguedD. argue9. The classroom is so dirty that it needs badly.()A. cleanB. to cleanC. being cleanedD. cleaning10. They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.policeman, but an accident (47)his dream.His present work was demanding and was not his cup of tea, however, every travelling was a wonderful start to him.To his happiness, he never (48)heart and still nrann on the road of life.(49)by what the man remarked, I headed for a southern city and became an insurance representative.After two years' running, I got (50)and the life condition in my family (51 )better gradually.Everything is so simple： to run without an umbrellalOnly when you (52)the rainy season of your life willthere be bright sky ahead of you.Never give up!38. A. affected39. A. take care40. A. desert41. A. bright42. A. Interested43. A. with44. A. praise45. A. much46. A. admiration47. A. defeated48. A. lost49. A. Amused50. A. my way51. A. turned out52. A. run intoB. sufferedB. attend toB. stopB. whiteB. ConfusedB. withoutB. comfortB. noB.envyB. damagedB. tookB. TerrifiedB. my startB. worked outB. run acrossC. damagedC. watch outC. quitC. colorfulC. ExcitedC. forC. protectionC. littleC. appreciationC. ruinedC. changedC. EncouragedC. my endC. carried outC. run away withD. managedD. bring upD. dismissD. darkD. DisappointedD. toD. attentionD. someD. careD. wipedD. gatheredD. ShockedD. my futureD. turned intoD. run out of五、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)53. Tea is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water.Originating in China, tea has long established (it) as the national drink of this country.A century before the birth of Christ, tea (describe) in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live (long) .Today, it is still being regarded as such.Both green tea and black tea are claimed to be effective for (prevent) cancer, heart disease, and many other deadly diseases.There is only one point (5) people need to be aware of when they drink tea一it should not be drunk along with meals.Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, (be) carefully prepared according to local customs.The Chinese put loose tea in teapots, add boiling water, and serve it in teacups.The strong tea from China's Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner.Lighter tea with jasmine (茉莉)，rose or other (flower) , usually served after dinner, is special to China's Changjiang River regions. Many English people, travelling away from home, feel (8) a loss if their favourite teabags are not available.Afternoon tea in England is still a timehonored tradition.Its a good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters.In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea.The ceremony, usually (hold) in a teahouse, dates back to the 16th century.Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is powdered green tea.Though still practiced today, the ceremony may not be as popular (10) it used to be.(1) (5) (8) (10)六、句子翻译（本大题共10小题，共280分）.请写出下列单词的词性&汉意。evaluate54 .请写出下列单词的词性&汉意。defeat.请写出下列单词的词性&汉意。insist55 .请写出下列单词的词性&汉意。theory.请写出下列单词的词性&汉意。passion59.请写出下列单词的词性&汉意。professor60.请写出下列单词的词性&汉意。device61.请写出下列单词的词性&汉意。infer62.请写出下列单词的词性&汉意。found63.请写出下列单词的词性&汉意。encounter七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）64.假设你是生活在2120年的李华，请给现在的你写一封信介绍一下你居住的房子及其优点。注意：1 .词数80左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）。2.请使用高级句式，如：定 语从句（参考词汇：low-carbon低碳的eco-friendly环保的）Dear Past Li Hua,What will our houses be like in 2120? (1)答案和解析.【答案】B【解析】take sth.for granted认为理所当然，固定词组,故排除A、D项；tell sb.not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事，固定搭配，故排除C项。故选：Bo我们的校长经常告诉我们不要想当然。分析句子结构，结合句意和相关语法选出正确的答案。1 .【答案】C【解析】动词短语"forget to do sth”意为“忘记要去做某事" ；“forget doing sth”意为“忘记已经做 过某事”，根据上下文语境可知，此时办公室的灯还亮着，说明我忘了要去把它关掉，因此用不 定式作宾语，因此c项符合语境，.【答案】B【解析】答案：B.考查虚拟语气.would love to do sth.意为"想去做某事”，指将来的动作； would love to have done sth.意为”本来打算去做某事，而由于某种原因没有做.根据题意”昨晚我 本打算去参加宴会的，但我不得不加班赶完一份报告.”可知答案为B项.故选：B.昨晚我本打算去参加宴会的，但我不得不加班赶完一份报告.“虚拟语气是高考经常考查的内容，也是英语学习中的一个难点.虚拟语气用于表示说话人的假想、 建议或主观愿望，所表示的假设并不是事实，而是不可能或是不大可能发生或实现的，除了掌握 if条件句引导的虚拟语气之外，还要掌握一些与虚拟语气有关的固定句型结构，首先，判断是否 需耍使用虚拟.其次，结合虚拟语气句式，判断需使用何种时态及句式是解题的关键.2 .【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语.句意：查尔斯巴贝奇通常被认为是发明了第一台计算机.句中的considered 不作"考虑”讲，所以排除B、D两项，invent的动作发生在过去，即在is generally considered之前， 动词不定式的完成时表示过去.所以应用完成式.故选：c.查尔斯巴贝奇通常被认为是发明了第一台计算机.非谓语动词是高中语法的重点，也是难点，更是各省高考英语试题必考内容.解题的时候首先要 确定选择非谓语，确定要选非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语.非谓语动词虽不能作谓 语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语.非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑 主语须和句子的真正主语一致.若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语.分析语态就是在确定逻辑 主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系是解题的关键.3 .【答案】A【解析】句意：在伦敦的部分地区，错过一辆公交车就意味着还要再等一个小时。分析句子结构 可知，动名词短语missing a bus作主语，谓语动词为means；固定短语mean to do sth.打算做某事； mean doing sth.意味着做某事；句中表示“意味着”需用waiting。4 .【答案】D【解析】have sb.do sth,让某人做某事;have sth.done让某事被做（别人做）；根据问句中someone 可知，此处要用havesb.dosth.结构，意为”让某人洗你的衣服”，故第一个空要填写wash；根据答 语them可知，此处指衣服，要用have sth.done结构，故第二个空要用washed。故选：Do-你经常让人洗你的衣服吗？-是的，我经常让人洗衣服。分析句子结构，结合句意和相关语法选出正确的答案。7 .【答案】B【解析】分析句子结构可知，If the work by the end of this month is delayed是条件状语从句，句中已有谓语动词is delayed,且无连接词，故空处应该填非谓语动词，排除A、C项；根据时间 状语by the end of this month （这个月底）可知，此处用不定式表将来；根据the work可知，此处 用不定式的被动结构作后置定语，表示”这个月底将被完成的建筑项目，故选：Bo如果这个月底将被完成的建筑项目被拖延了，这个建筑公司会被罚款。分析句子结构，结合句意和相关语法选出正确的答案。8 .【答案】A【解析】argue争论;It is no use doing sth.做什么事没用,固定句型，该句型中it做形式主语,doing sth. 是真正的主语。故选：Ao和Emma争论是没有用的，因为他永远不会改变主意。分析句子结构，结合句意和相关语法选出正确的答案。9 .【答案】D【解析】it指代The classroom,意为"教室需要清扫”，sth.need doing这里是主动形式表被动含义， need doing二 need to be doneo故选：Do教室太脏了，非常需要清扫。熟练掌握动形式表被动含义的结构，如：need doing= need to be done。10 .【答案】D【解析】句意：他们用电脑来使交通运行顺畅。本题考查的是固定短语：keep sth. doing sth.表示 使某动作持续发生，其中动词run与其逻辑主语the traffic构成的是主谓关系，用现在分词作宾语 补足语，故选D。11 .【答案】D【解析】分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词saw,且空处无连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词 作后置定语；结合选项可知，动词read与名词message之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词 作后置定语。故选D。12 .【答案】D【解析】答案：D,考查现在分词，catch sb doing sth抓住某人在做某事，现在分词作宾补，catch 和它所修饰的名词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词短语作后置定语.故选：D.售货员责骂那个偷东西的女孩，并把她放了.顺口溜巧记分词作状语的用法分词作状主关键，共用主语别嫌烦；逗号前后两动作，分词主语关系判；主动要用现分词，被动过去分词连；having pp主完成，being pp正被现.13 .【答案】B【解析】remain to be done某事有待被做，remain后接不定式的被动形式，故B项正确。故选：Bo我是否会回老家参观还有待观察。分析句子结构，结合句意和相关语法选出正确的答案。14 .【答案】A【解析】A考查非谓语动词，不定式做宾语.考查结果状语从句.regret doing意味后悔做过regret to do很遗憾做句意为：我很遗憾的说我太忙了没法参加这次讨论了.选择regret to say. tooto 为结果状语从句太以至于不能做注意这个句式不用于否定句.故选：Ao我很遗憾的说我太忙了没法参加这次讨论了.首先要熟练记忆regret, tooto等常见词汇用法和句式.再根据上下文逻辑关系，选出正确答 案.15 .【答案】B【解析】分析句子，Taste”尝起来”，是系动词，无被动，句中已有谓语was,设空处应用非谓语 动词，taste和主语之间为主动关系，故用tasting。故选：Bo这种梨味道又好又甜，很快就在市场上卖完了。做题时，分析句子，结合句意和选项作出判断。16 .【答案】C【解析】be well worth doing很值得做某事。此结构没有被动语态。故选：Co 这部电影很值得再看一遍。熟练掌握一些固定结构，如：be well worth doingo1719.【答案】B、C、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 It was the first step that she made towards providing services for mankind.（这是她为人类提供服务的第一步。）可知，Mother Teresa之所以献身于宗教生活是 因为她想为别人提供服务，故选B。（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段On October 7th, 1950,Mother Teresa received Vatican's permission to start the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, the mission of which would be to take care of the needy, the homeless, and people who were by society. （1950年10月7日，特蕾莎修女获得梵蒂冈的许可，在加尔 各开办慈善传教士会,其使命是照顾贫困者、无家可归者和被社会 的人。）the needy, the homeless,and people who were shunned by the society.是并列关系，所以应该是"被社会忽视的人”，故划线部 分的意思是"忽视"，A. Cared关心；B. Concerned担心；C. Ignored忽视；D. Affected影响。故选Co（3）细节理解题。根据第四段 Her health went worse and in the year 1991, she suffered frompneumonia. Taking her health problems into consideration, Mother Teresa decided to resign （辞职）from the post of head of the order.（她的健康每况愈下，1991年，她患了肺炎。考虑到她的健康问 题，特蕾莎修女决定辞去教团团长的职务。）可知，Mother Teresa决定辞职是因为她意识到她不 能完全为需要帮助的人服务，故选A。本文是一篇记叙文阅读，主要介绍一位伟大的女性Mother Teresa。Mother Teresa （1910年8月26 日- 1997年9月5日）为改善人类社会状况做出了巨大的贡献，由于她对社会的贡献，69岁的她 获得了诺贝尔和平奖。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。2024.【答案】B、D、C、D、A解析】（1） B .细节理解题。根据第二段 And the story poses an interesting question why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of theirdays, while others go to seed long before? 这个故事提出了一个有趣的问题：为什么有些人会在生命的尽头发现新的活力和创造力，而其他人却在很 久以前就开始播种？可知这个故事表明塞万提斯年龄这么大了，却还有这样的成就，说明年龄不 是实现目标的障碍。故选B.(2) D.词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词所在的句子We've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark.我们都知道有些人在人生的半途而废之前就已经。以及下一句 I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.我是在说刃些因为采 取了多年来经常出现的固定态度和观点而停止学习成长的人。可知划线词所说的这些人是“采取了 多年来经常出现的固定态度和观点而停止学习成长的人。所以指的是停止学习的人，和D项Lose the interest to continue learning失去继续学习的兴趣”一致。故选D.(3) C.推理判断题。根据第四段 Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are every where.事实上， 我们中的 大多数人逐渐缩小了我们生活的多样性。我们在专业领域取得了成功，然后陷入其中。没有什么 让我们吃惊。我们失去了惊奇感。但是，如果我们愿意学习，机会无处不在。可知A敢于尝试的 人往往会被困住，这一段中没有提到；B项”那些倾向于回想的人很难继续下去”在这一段也没有 提到；段落中的”然后陷入其中”也就是比较谨慎，但这让我们失去了好奇心，没有机会，所以D 项”机会等待着谨慎的人”不对；而根据"But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere但是，如果我们愿意学习，机会无处不在“可知C项”机会有利于有好奇心的人”正确。 故选C.(4)D.推理判断题。根据第五段 The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with the things we can*t change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us-an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.我们在成熟中学习的东西很少涉及信息和技能。我们学会忍受那些我们无法改变的东 西.我们学会避免自怜。我们学会了无论我们多么努力取悦，有些人永远不会爱我们一一个起初 麻烦但最终放松的想法。这段话告诉我们，成年后学的东西不是基本的信息和技能。而是学会了 忍受，学会接受。所以作者是想告诉我们要学会适应。故选D.（5）A.目的意图题。根据第一段中“塞万提斯获得成功时已经53岁了”，再根据倒数第二段" With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos （自我），whether to loved ones, to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept,以高度的动力和热情，我们可以继续学习。然后我们会知道在我们的生活中有 意义是多么重要。然而，我们只有在我们承诺了一个比我们自己的小我（自我）更大的东西，无 论是对所爱的人，对同胞，对工作，或对一些道德观念，我们才能实现意义。可知作者写这篇文 章的目的是想告诉我们要过一种有意义的生活。故选A.本文是议论文阅读。文章先以”53岁的塞万提斯获得了成功”一事作为引语，给我们揭示了一个道 理：年龄不是实现目标的障碍。以及告诉我们怎么样过一个有意义的人生。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。2528.【答案】A、B、C、A【解析】（1） A.细节理解题。根据短文第一段倒数第二句话What Henry Ford did was to use other peopled ideas and make them better.（福特所做的就是利用别人的想法，然后更好地利用。）可知， 福特充分利用别人的想法。故选A。（2） B.推理判断题。根据短文第二段内容及It was the best way of gaining public notice.（这是 获得公众注意的最好办法。）可知，亨利福特也制造自己的赛车，进行比赛，目的是引人注意。 故选Bo（3） C.代词指代题。根据第四段"In 段 e 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company.（1903年，底特律的一位医生从该公司购买了第一辆汽车。）”由此可知，“That sale”是指向底 特律医生出售汽车这件事。故选C。（4） A.推理判断题。由短文倒数第二段 It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one.（它的价格将是如此之低，以至于赚大钱的人都不能拥有它。）及最后一段 The Model T was a car of that kind.It only cost $ 850.lt was a simple machine that drivers could depend on.Doctors bought the Model T.So did farmers. （T 型车就是那种车。只花了 850 美元。这是一台司 机可以信赖的简单机器。医生买了T型车，农民也买了。）由此可知他的梦想就是为普通老百姓 造车。故选A。A. being run B. runC. to runD. running11. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door"Sorry to miss you； will call later. HA. readB. readsC. to readD. reading12. The salesman scolded the girl caught and let her off. ()A. to have stolenB. to be stealingC. to stealD. stealing13. It remains whether I will return to my home-town for a visit.()A. seenB. to be seenC. seeingD. to see14. I regret that I'm too busy in the talk. ()A. to say；to participateB.saying；participatingC. to say；participatingD.saying；to participate15 .good and sweet, this kind of pear was soon sold out in the market.()A. TastedB.TastingC. Havingbeen tastedD.Being tasted16 . The film is well worth a second time.()A. being seen B. seenC. seeingD. to be seen二、阅读理解(本大题共16小题，共37.5分)AMother Teresa was a great woman, who did a lot to improve the social conditions of mankind.Due to her contribution to society, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize at the age of -69.She was brought up in a Catholic family.When she was only seven, she lost her father.Even as a child, she was interested in the life of missionaries (传教士) .At the age of 18, she decided that she would become a nun.She left her home and went to join the Sisters of Loreto.lt was the first step that she made towards providing services for mankind,On October 7th, 1950, Mother Teresa received Vatican's permission to start the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, the mission of which would be to take care of the needy, the homeless, and people who were by society.Then it had a number of branches all over the country .The journey of Mother Teresa*s Missionaries of Charity started with the creation of homes for "the Dying".本文是说明文。讲述了亨利福特充分利用别人的想法，生产出了自己的汽车，形成了自己的生产 流水线。通过赛车比赛，使公众关注到自己的汽车，然后建立了自己的汽车公司，为所有的普通 顾客生产汽车。一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在 十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺 序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对 文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。 其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息 进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系， 研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖 掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate 等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量， 掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因 果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。2932.【答案】A、B、A、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段 As we talked, I saw Stephen's eyes getting big with fear.（我 们谈话的时候，我看到斯蒂芬的眼睛因为害怕而睁得大大的。）可知史蒂芬对自己不是很自信。 故选Ao（2）推理判断题。根据第三段 I told him to do all of his assignments,and to hand them in on time.Rather than being overwhelmed （压侄"）by all of the work,I told him the most successful st