定语从句复习课高二用.ppt

定语从句复习定语从句复习 高二高二重点突破定语从句解题六步骤重点突破定语从句解题六步骤:一、选准关系代词和关系副词一、选准关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词都代替先行词在在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分，如果该从句中缺少主语、表从句中充当一定的成分，如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。-I still remember the days _we spent together.-I still remember the days _we worked together.注意注意 1.关系代词做宾语可以省略关系代词做宾语可以省略 2.关系副词关系副词=介词介词+which 3.数词数词/most/any.+of+which/whomwhich/that when注意注意:1.关系代词做宾语可以省略关系代词做宾语可以省略 2.that 不能跟介词连用不能跟介词连用,不能引导非限制定语从句不能引导非限制定语从句 3.the same as/that;such as/that的区别的区别-He is my teacher _my father was talking to.-Hes my teacher to _my father was talking.-I was admitted into Beijing University,_ made my family happy.-Lets meet at the same place _ we met last night.-The movie is such a funny one _ I want to watch again.-.One that I want to watch it again.(who/that/whom)(whom)whichthatas注意注意:4.way 后的定语从句后的定语从句,且关系词在从句中做状语且关系词在从句中做状语,that/in which/省略省略 5.situation,point,occasion,case 等词后的定语等词后的定语从句常用从句常用where 引导引导.-The old couple came to the point _ they had to divorce.-Most parents meet the difficulty situation _ they cant deal with their children.-I cant agree his point _ he presented at the meeting any more.-I dont understand the way _they worked out the problem.wherewhere(that/which)(that/in which)二、了解仅用二、了解仅用that that 引导引导限制性限制性定语从句的情况定语从句的情况that 在限制性定语从句中既可指人又可指事或物。在限制性定语从句中既可指人又可指事或物。1.先行词是先行词是all,much,few,little,everything,anything,nothing 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。2.先行词被先行词被all,few,little,much,every,some,no等词等词修饰或被修饰或被the only,the very,the same,the last 等等限定词修饰时。限定词修饰时。3.先行词既指先行词既指人又指物人又指物时。时。4.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。5.主句是主句是who 或或which 引导的特殊问句时引导的特殊问句时三、把握三、把握“介词关系代词介词关系代词”结构中介词的选用结构中介词的选用1.关系副词关系副词=介词介词+which2.most/any/数词数词+of+which/whom 区别区别3.whose+n=the+n+of+which/whom =of which/whom+the+n-Thats the reason _he was late for school.-This is the book _I spent 8 yuan.-The house _were broken is my home.A windows of which B windows of whomC whose window D of which the windows.-The number of boos,most of _are English,is 12,000.why/for which on which which注意注意:1.定语从句中谓语动词是含有介词的动词短语时，介定语从句中谓语动词是含有介词的动词短语时，介词应放在动词之后，不能拆开放在关系代词前。词应放在动词之后，不能拆开放在关系代词前。-This is the key which you are looking for.-This is the baby whom you will look after.2.该结构中，关系代词指人时用该结构中，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用，指物时用which.1.（10福建福建24）Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _life has developed gradually.A.thatB.where C.which D.whose2 Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.which 3（10山山东38）Wind power is an ancient source of energy _we may turn in the near future.A.on which B.by which C.to which D.from which4（陕西西11）The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.A.where B.which C.its D.Whose 5 （10全国全国16）I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault.A.who B.that C.as D.what6（10浙江浙江3）The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people,many of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city.AwhomBwhich CthemDthose 7(09宁夏海南宁夏海南28)She brought with her three friends,none of _I had ever met before.A.them B.whoC.whom D.these8(09福建福建24)Its helpful to put children in a situation _they can see themselves differently.A.that B.when C.which D.where 9(09浙江浙江14)I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.which B.whereC.how D.why10(08湖南湖南31)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors，_are beyond our control.A.most of them B.most of whichC.most of what D.most of that 注意注意:某些词某些词 point,case,situation,occasion的词的词,关系词在从句中做状语关系词在从句中做状语,常用常用where引导引导.-We were faced with the situation _ we should make the final decision.-The couple came to a point _ they had to devoice.-How about the last point _ you mentioned just now?wherewhere(that)四、弄清四、弄清as 和和which 引导的非限制性定语从句指引导的非限制性定语从句指代整体时的区别代整体时的区别1.位置上的区别：位置上的区别：as 引导的非限制性定语从句的位置可放在主句前引导的非限制性定语从句的位置可放在主句前/后后/中中which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。-_ is known to us all,the earth turns around the sun.-The earth,_ is known to us all,turns around the sun.-The earth turns around the sun,_our parents once told us when we were very young.Asaswhich2.词义与联系上的区别：词义与联系上的区别：as:本身含有本身含有“正如正如”之意；之意；which:本身表示本身表示“这这”或或“这一点这一点”之意。之意。-Light travels faster than sound,as we all know.-Jack came late for school,which made his teacher angry.五、注意定语从句的主谓一致性五、注意定语从句的主谓一致性关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语必须与先行词保持人称和数的一致。从句的谓语必须与先行词保持人称和数的一致。-Tom is one of the boys who are from the USA.-Tom is the only one of the boys who is from the USA.六、保持主句完整性并避免从句成分的重叠六、保持主句完整性并避免从句成分的重叠1.在定语从句中，不管出现任何情况，主句的结构必须在定语从句中，不管出现任何情况，主句的结构必须完整，即主句必须有主语和谓语，缺一不可，否则，完整，即主句必须有主语和谓语，缺一不可，否则，整个主从复合句就无法成立。试比较：整个主从复合句就无法成立。试比较：(1)Is this the factory _ we visited last week?(2)Is this factory _ we visited last week?A.which B.where C.what D.the one2.定语从句中，关系代词或副词已代替先行词独立地或定语从句中，关系代词或副词已代替先行词独立地或与相应的介词一起在定语从句中充当了一定的成分，此与相应的介词一起在定语从句中充当了一定的成分，此在定语从句中就不能再出现与关系代在定语从句中就不能再出现与关系代(副副)词重叠的成分。词重叠的成分。-Is this the train that they took it last Sunday?AD七七 定语从句和强调句的区别定语从句和强调句的区别It was in the small house _ was built with stones by his father _ he spent his childhood.A where;that B that;whichC that;that D which;which注意注意1 It is the place _he was born.It is in the place _he was born2 The news that he won the game made us happy.The news that we heard about was true.where/in whichthat11（10全国全国24）As a child,Jack studied in a village school,_ is named after his grandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.that 12 The newly built caf,the walls of_ are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,specially after hard work.A.that B.it C.what D.which 13(08湖南湖南31)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors，_are beyond our control.A.most of themB.most of whichC.most of whatD.most of that14(08陕西西13)The man pulled out a gold watch，_were made of small diamonds.A.the hands of whomB.whom the hands ofC.which the hands of D.the hands of which 15(08四川四川4)For many cities in the world，there is no room to spread out further，_New York is an example.A.for which B.in whichC.of which D.from which16(06辽宁宁25)I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _Chinese in the school，most _were from Germany.A.study;of whomB.study;of themC.studying;of themD.studying;of whom 17(06天津天津12)The Beatles，_many of you are old enough to remember，came from Liverpool.A.what B.that C.how D.as18.(06天津天津14)There is much chance _Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A.that B.whichC.until D.if 19 The days _we spent together on the farm are not easy _.A.that,to forget B.which,to be forgotten C.when,to forget D./,to be forgotten Practice:Practice:1 我不知道非洲有些国家为什么不能用拖拉机取代我不知道非洲有些国家为什么不能用拖拉机取代耕牛的原因耕牛的原因.(tractor;ox.)I dont know the reason why oxen have not been replaced by tractors in some African countries.2 我所在的组织计划在肯尼亚的一个边远地区建一我所在的组织计划在肯尼亚的一个边远地区建一个小诊所个小诊所,来帮助改善那里的孩子们的健康状况来帮助改善那里的孩子们的健康状况.My organization plans to open a new clinic in a remote part of Kenya which will help improve the childrens health here.3 前几天那个裁缝收到了一家慈善机构捐赠的新缝前几天那个裁缝收到了一家慈善机构捐赠的新缝纫机纫机(tailor,sewing machine,donate)The other day the tailor received a new sewing machine that was donated by a charity.4 今天是这对夫妻的金婚纪念日今天是这对夫妻的金婚纪念日,他们正举杯庆祝他们正举杯庆祝(anniversary;with a toast)The couple whose golden wedding anniversary is today is celebrating with a toast.5 提出最好的经济计划的那个政党在竞选中获胜了提出最好的经济计划的那个政党在竞选中获胜了(political;economic;election campaign)The political party that/which offered/put forward/came up with the best economic programme succeeded in the election campaign.6 我一打响指就表示音乐会开始了我一打响指就表示音乐会开始了.(click ones fingers)The moment when I clicked my fingers was the sign to start the concert.