Book 4 module 2 Grammar.pptx
山西省忻州一中山西省忻州一中吴晓娜吴晓娜Teaching Aims1.Master the definition of the imperatives.2.Master the varities of the drills of the imperatives.3 Through pracitces use the imperatives correctly.Lookatthesignsandsaywhattheydo.Turn right.Dont go faster than 90 kph.Dontturnleft.Noparking.Dontwalk.1.Theygiveadvice.2.Theygiveinstructions.3.Theygiveinformation.4.Theygivepermission.祈使句祈使句祈使句用来表示命令、劝告、请求、禁止。祈使句用来表示命令、劝告、请求、禁止。通常主语通常主语you会省去，以原形动词为句首。会省去，以原形动词为句首。Openthedoor!Standup!Comehere!Hurryup!一、其肯定形式为一、其肯定形式为“动词原形动词原形+其它成分其它成分”，否定形式为，否定形式为“Dont/Never+动词原形动词原形+其它成分其它成分”。如：如：Makeyourselfathome.Dontswitchoffthelight!Neversaythat!注意：注意：1.祈使句之后可用附加疑问祈使句之后可用附加疑问句，以加强语气。句，以加强语气。若祈使句为肯定形式，附加问句通常用若祈使句为肯定形式，附加问句通常用willyou或或wontyou；若祈使句为否定形式，；若祈使句为否定形式，附加问句则用附加问句则用willyou。如：如：Tellmethetruth,will/wontyou?Dontbelateforthemeeting,willyou?二、第一人称祈使句二、第一人称祈使句“Letme/us+动词原形动词原形+其它成分其它成分”。“Lets+动词原形动词原形+其它成分其它成分”。其否定形式可以在句首加其否定形式可以在句首加Dont也可以在也可以在Letme/us或或Lets后加后加not。如：如：Letme/ushaveatry.Letsconsiderwaysofmakingiteasier.DontletsinviteGarytotheparty.Letme/usnotgo!Letsnotsayanythingaboutituntilwehavethefacts.注意：注意：以以Letme或或Letus开头的第一人称祈使开头的第一人称祈使句，附加问句用句，附加问句用willyou或或wontyou。以以Lets开头的祈使句，附加问句用开头的祈使句，附加问句用shallwe。如：如：Letme/ushavealookatthatletter,will/wontyou?Letsgoshoppingthisafternoon,shallwe?三、第三人称祈使句三、第三人称祈使句其肯定形式为其肯定形式为“Let+第三人称代词第三人称代词宾格（或名词短语）宾格（或名词短语）+动词原形动词原形+其它其它成分成分”；其否定形式在句首加；其否定形式在句首加Dont。如：如：LethimfinishhishomeworkbeforeMonday.Dontletthekidsgoout.四、祈使句的特殊结构四、祈使句的特殊结构1.no+名词或动名词名词或动名词用于指示标牌、布告，意为用于指示标牌、布告，意为“禁止，不许禁止，不许”。Noparking!Nospitting!Nolitter!Noentry!Noscribblingonthewall!2.be+过去分词过去分词Beseated,please.Bereassured.Begone！3.do+祈使句祈使句这种结构表示强调，常译为这种结构表示强调，常译为“务必，务必，一定要一定要”。Dosaveus!Dotellmethereason.Dobehonest.4.无动词祈使句无动词祈使句一般来讲，祈使句都要有动词，但是有些一般来讲，祈使句都要有动词，但是有些用于口号、告示等的祈使句却是没有动词用于口号、告示等的祈使句却是没有动词的，虽为只言片语，却简洁明了。的，虽为只言片语，却简洁明了。Patience!Danger!Afteryou!Handsup！Thissidedown!祈使句常考查句式祈使句常考查句式1).祈使句祈使句+and/or+陈述句陈述句Workhardandyoucanmakerapidprogressinyourstudy.2).祈使句祈使句+破折号破折号+陈述句陈述句Trysomeofthisjuiceperhapsyoulllikeit.尝尝这种果汁，也许你会喜欢的。尝尝这种果汁，也许你会喜欢的。【拓展】【拓展】3)名词词组名词词组+and+陈述句陈述句,名词词组中通名词词组中通常含有常含有more,another,further,earlierAnother$500andIcouldbuyacar.假如我再有假如我再有500磅，就能买辆小汽车了。磅，就能买辆小汽车了。TurnrightDontgofasterthan90kph.Dontturnleft./Noleftturn.Dontstop./Noparking.Dontwalk/NopedestriansadvicepermissioninformationinstructionsGrammar-1.Lookatthesignsandsaywhattheydo.1.Listen to me carefully.2.Come in and sit down,please.3.Dont close the window its hot.4.Be quiet!5.Lets try our best to improve ourenvironment.Grammar-2.ObservationWhatsthefeaturesofImperativesConclusion 1 祈使句的肯定形式主要有以下几种Do 型（以行为动词开头）Stand up!Be 型（以be动词开头）Be careful.Let型（以let开头）Lets go home.Conclusion 2 祈使句的否定形式主要有以下几种Do 型（以行为动词开头）Dont stand up!/Never stand up!Be 型（以 be 动词开头）Dont be late./Never be late.Let型（以let开头）Lets not go home.Conclusion 3 Do be patient!Do sit down.Do write back when you receive his letter.Tom,you clean the room.You clean the window.加强祈使句语气的方式加强祈使句语气的方式:在谓语前在谓语前+do/或加上主语（或加上主语（Tom,you)Open the window,please.Will you go fishing with me this afternoon?Would you do me a favor?Grammar-3.Doyouknowhowtomakeimperativesmorepolite?Could you show me how to get to the railway station?Hand the dictionary to me,will you?Lets go out for a walk,shall we?Why dont you get something to drink?I suggest we(should)take the train.SummaryWillyou/Wouldyou/Couldyou+动词动词原形原形?句末句末,+please?句末句末,+willyou/shallwe?Whynotdosomething?Whydontyoudosomething?Youdbetterdosomething.IsuggestNosmokingNolitterActivity3.Readthesedosanddontsformotoristsstuckinatrafficjam.Ticktheonesyouagreewith.DosSwitchoffthemotor.Turnonthecarradio.Speaktoyourpassengers.Followtherulesoftheroad.Keepcool.DontsLeavethemotoron.Blowyourhorn.Reactwhenothersdrivebadly.Breaktherulesoftheroad.Getangry.I.Completethefollowingsentences.1._onthepavement.2._inthebicyclelanes.3._atredtrafficlights.4._therulesoftheroad.Dontgo Stay Stop Keep breakgokeeplookridestopstaywatchout5._forpedestrians(行人行人).6._behindyoubeforeyouturnrightorleft.7._inthemiddleoftheroad.LookWatchoutDontridebreakgokeeplookridestopstaywatchout1.Standoverthere_youllbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.whileC.butD.and2.Iveneverseenanyonerunsofast_Davidgo.A.justwatchB.justtowatchC.justwatchingD.justhavingwatchedDA2.Choosethebestanswer3.Letuspass,_?A.shantweB.shallweC.wontweD.willyou4.Waitaminute,_?A.shallyouB.willyouC.doyouD.dontyouDB5.Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,_?ButIfedityesterday.A.doyouB.willyouC.didntyouD.dontyou本题中本题中Alice并不是句子的主语并不是句子的主语,而是祈而是祈使句使句,为了引起对方的注意。为了引起对方的注意。B6._downtheradiothebabysasleepinthenextroom.A.TurningB.TurnedC.TurnD.Toturn祈使句以动词原形开头。祈使句以动词原形开头。C7.Howaboutafilmtonight?_Ihaventbeentothecinemaforalongtime.A.Yes,thanksB.Whynot?C.No,goawayD.Itsapity.-今晚去看电影怎样今晚去看电影怎样?-为什么不呢为什么不呢?我很久没去过电影院了。我很久没去过电影院了。B8.Youdbetternotsmokehere,_?A.willyouB.shallyouC.haveyouD.hadyou有有hadbetter的句子构成反意疑问句的句子构成反意疑问句,用用had构成。构成。D9.Dontforgettophoneme,_?A.doyouB.needntyouC.wontyouD.willyou否定祈使句的反意疑问句用否定祈使句的反意疑问句用will构成。构成。D10.Letshaveacupoftea,_?A.shallyouB.willyouC.shallweD.wontyou以以lets开头的祈使句用开头的祈使句用shallwe,以以letus开头的祈使句用开头的祈使句用willyou,构成反意构成反意疑问句。疑问句。C11.-Englishhasalargevocabulary,hasntit?-Yes._morewordsandexpressionsandyouwillfinditeasiertoreadandcommunicate.(2004上海上海)A.KnowB.KnowingC.ToknowD.KnownA12.-Dontforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.-_.(NMET1994)A.Yes,IwontB.No,IwontC.No,IwillD.Yes,IwillB13.Mary,_here-everybodyelse,staywhereyouare.(2006/全国全国I/35)A.comeB.comesC.tocomeD.coming14.Weforgottobringourtickets,butpleaseletusenter,_?(2006/全国全国II/7)A.doyouB.canyouC.willyouD.shallweAC15.Ifyouwanthelp-moneyoranything,letmeknow,_you?(NMET/Shanghai/2003/spr/29)A.dontB.willC.shallD.do16.Dontbediscouraged._thingsastheyareandyouwillenjoyeverydayofyourlife.(NMET/Shanghai/2003/spr/34)A.TakingB.TotakeC.TakeD.TakenBC17.Sorry,Joe.Ididntmeantto.Dontcallme“Joe”.ImMr.Parkertoyou,and_youforgotit!(NMET/2003/24)A.doB.didntC.didD.dontDSummary1.ReviewGrammar.2.Finishtheexercises1-3onpage73.
