句子的种类.ppt
句子的种类句子的种类按使用目的分：按使用目的分：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句按结构分按结构分 ：简单句、并列句、复合句简单句、并列句、复合句1）陈述句：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。陈述句：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。Light travels faster than sound.光比声速度快。（说明事实）光比声速度快。（说明事实）The film is rather boring.这部电影很乏味。（说明看法）这部电影很乏味。（说明看法）2）疑问句：提出问题。有以下四种：疑问句：提出问题。有以下四种：a.a.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Can you finish the work in time?你能按时完成工作吗？你能按时完成工作吗？b.b.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：Where do you live?你住那儿？你住那儿？How do you know that?你怎么知道那件事？你怎么知道那件事？c.c.选择疑问句：选择疑问句：Do you want tea or coffee?你是要茶还是要咖啡？你是要茶还是要咖啡？d.d.反意疑问句：反意疑问句：He doesnt know her,does he?他不认识她，对不对？他不认识她，对不对？3）祈使句：提出请求，建议或发出命令。祈使句：提出请求，建议或发出命令。Sit down,please.请坐。请坐。Dont be nervous!别紧张！别紧张！4）感叹句：表示惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。感叹句：表示惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。What good news it is!多好的消息啊！多好的消息啊！1）简单句：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。简单句：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。She likes collecting stamps.她喜欢集邮。她喜欢集邮。(主主)(谓谓)简单句的基本结构简单句的基本结构1.Things changed.（主（主+谓）谓）2.Trees are green.（主（主+系系+表）表）3.We dont like children.（主（主+谓谓+宾）宾）4.He gave his sister a piano.（主（主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾）直宾）2）并列句：包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句并列句：包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。来连接。The food was good,but he didnt like it.(主主)(谓谓)(主主)(谓谓)This is me and these are my friends.They must stay in water,or they will die.Its not cheap,but it is very good.3）复合句：包含主句和从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从复合句：包含主句和从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从 属连词引导。属连词引导。（主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、表语从句、状语从句）（主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、表语从句、状语从句）主语从句：主语从句：Its true that we see advertisements around us every day.What he said sounds interesting.宾语从句：宾语从句：He said that everyone can help improve the environment.I wonder if we have another way to solve this problem.No one knows where he is from.表语从句：表语从句：That is why I was late for the meeting.定语从句：定语从句：This is the book(that I lost last week)Mr.Wang is the teacher(who teaches us English).The city(where I worked)is not far from here.状语从句：状语从句：The film had begun when we got to the cinema.（时间）（时间）He didnt study hard，so he failed in the exam.(结果结果)He spoke loudly so that everyone can hear him clearly.(目的目的)Children behave badly after lunch because they eat junk food.(原因原因)If you study hard,you will pass the exam.(条件条件)Though he is young,he can do it well.(让步让步)
