名词性从句--重点和难点.ppt

名词性从句名词性从句连接词的选择连接词的选择陈述句分句，由无实际意义的分句，由无实际意义的 that 引导引导一般疑问句分句，由分句，由 whether（或（或 if）引导）引导特殊疑问句分句，由分句，由特殊疑问词引导引导感叹句分句，由分句，由 what 和和 how 引导引导从属连词从属连词连接代词连接代词连接副词连接副词what,who,whom,whose,which,whoever,whatever,whicheverthat,whether,ifwhen,where,how,why语序语序问题问题No one can be sure _ in a million years.(92)A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C.man will look like what D.what look will man likeYou cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.(96上海上海)A.how they were excited B.how excited they wereC.how excited were they D.they were how excited We asked the policeman _,but he remained silent.A.what was the matter B.what the matter was C.that was the matter D.which the matter was注意注意Whats the matterWhats wrongWhat happenedwhat 本身作本身作主语主语和和引导词引导词名词性从句在句中要名词性从句在句中要用用_语序，从句语序，从句的引导词必须始终置的引导词必须始终置于于_陈述陈述句首句首what vs.that_是连词，在名词性从句中是连词，在名词性从句中不充当任何成分不充当任何成分_是连接代词，在名词性从句中充当成分，通常充是连接代词，在名词性从句中充当成分，通常充当当主语，宾语，表语主语，宾语，表语_ was most important to her,she told me,was her family.(08 山东山东)A.It B.That C.What D.AsIts thirty years since we last met.But I still remember the story,believe it or not,_ we got lost on a rainy night.(06 四川四川)A.which B.that C.what D.whenthatwhat关于关于 that 的省略的省略在在_从句中，从句中，that 不可省略不可省略在在宾语从句宾语从句通常通常可以省略可以省略但在下面三种情况下，但在下面三种情况下，that 不可省略不可省略He said(that)the meeting was very important and that we should take part in it.I think it necessary that we should increase our awareness of environmental protection.He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.He is different from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.主语、同位语、表语主语、同位语、表语what vs.whichDo you know _ Mr.Blacks address is?I read about it in some book or other,does it matter _ it was?(01北京春季北京春季)There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _ to buy.(94)A.what B.which C.how D.wherewhat 表表什么什么（无无选择范围）选择范围）which 表表选择选择，哪一个哪一个（有有选择范围）选择范围）whatwhichwhether vs.if_从句中表示从句中表示“是否是否”，必须用必须用 whether 宾语从句宾语从句中，一般情况下中，一般情况下 whether 与与 if 可以通用可以通用但在以下情况下不能用但在以下情况下不能用 if，只能用只能用 whether介词后介词后；其后跟不定式其后跟不定式；其后紧跟其后紧跟 or not；引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句It depends on whether they will support us.Whether you like it or not,you must do it well.主语、表语、同位语主语、表语、同位语what/who vs.whatever/whoeverIt was a matter of _ would take the position.A.who B.whoever C.whom D.whomever_ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A.AnyoneB.The oneC.WhoeverD.Whowhat/who 等含等含特指特指意义，而意义，而 whatever/whoever 等等含含泛指泛指意义，意为意义，意为“无论什么无论什么/无论谁无论谁”whoever,whatever,whichever vs.no matter who,no matter what,no matter which_ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.(06山东山东)A.No matter which B.No matter what C.Whichever D.Whatever Ill treasure _ you give me.A.that B.no matter what C.whatever D.no matter which whoever,whatever,whichever 可引导可引导名词性从句名词性从句和和状语从句状语从句；而；而 no matter who,no matter what,no matter which 只可引导只可引导状语从句状语从句时态一致性时态一致性Mr.Li has just arrived,but I didnt know he _ until yesterday.(03)A.will come B.is coming C.comes D.was comingMother told me that she _(show)me around her company the next Saturday.Our physics teacher once told us that light _(travel)faster than sound.主句的动词用主句的动词用一般现在时一般现在时，主句的动词用主句的动词用过去过去时，时，从句表示从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语客观事实，格言，谚语等，等，would showtravels从句谓语可根据需要选用从句谓语可根据需要选用各各种种时态时态从句谓语动词用从句谓语动词用过去过去的某种时态的某种时态从句谓语动词从句谓语动词用用一一般现在时般现在时Can you make sure _ the gold ring?A.where Alice had putB.where had Alice put C.where Alice has putD.where has Alice put where,when,why 等连接副词引导的等连接副词引导的名词性从句名词性从句where,when,why 等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.that D.where Do you remember _ he came?Yes,I do,he came by car.A.how B.when C.that D.if主语从句中的主语从句中的主谓一致主谓一致问题问题What we need now _(is/are)more books.What we need now _(is/are)more practice.what 作主语，动词单复数看作主语，动词单复数看后面的名词后面的名词单个单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_形式。形式。如果是如果是两个或两个以上两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用用_形式。形式。areis单数单数复数复数同位语从句同位语从句 vs.定语从句定语从句_是形容词性的从句，它与先行词是修饰是形容词性的从句，它与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系与被修饰的关系_是名词性从句，是对前面名词作进一步是名词性从句，是对前面名词作进一步的补充性解释说明的补充性解释说明The news _ our football team won the match was really encouraging.The news _ we heard on the radio was not true.定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句that(that/which)形式主、宾语形式主、宾语当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句后置，而当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句后置，而用用 it 作为形式主语作为形式主语，置于句首。，置于句首。形式宾语形式宾语也只能用也只能用 it 名词性从句中有名词性从句中有插入成分插入成分时时此时应注意两点：一是此时应注意两点：一是从句从句仍然仍然不倒装不倒装，而在插入成分，而在插入成分上倒装；二是要注意主语的上倒装；二是要注意主语的主格和宾格的选择主格和宾格的选择Since you have seen both fighters,_ will win?A.who you think B.whom you thinkC.whom do you think D.who do you think 否定转移否定转移现象现象当主句的主语为当主句的主语为第一人称第一人称，且主句的及物动词为表示感，且主句的及物动词为表示感知的知的 think/believe/expect 等时，常把对宾语从句的等时，常把对宾语从句的否定放在主句中，其否定放在主句中，其反义疑问句的后部须与反义疑问句的后部须与从句的主语从句的主语和谓语和谓语的时态保持一致的时态保持一致，且后部的动词只能用肯定形式，且后部的动词只能用肯定形式I dont think you can pass the driving test,can you?I think you can pass the driving test,cant you?若主句的主语是若主句的主语是第二或第三人称第二或第三人称，那么否定转移就不成，那么否定转移就不成立，其立，其反义疑问句的后部须与反义疑问句的后部须与主句的主语和谓语主句的主语和谓语的时态的时态形式保持一致形式保持一致They dont believe that it is true,do they?虚拟语气虚拟语气在表示在表示“命令、坚持、要求、建议命令、坚持、要求、建议”的的及物动词或名词及物动词或名词前后的前后的名词性从句名词性从句中的谓语动词中的谓语动词常用虚拟结构常用虚拟结构insist;order,command;advise,suggest,propose;desire,demand,require,requestI suggested that we(should)get up early.I made a suggestion that we(should)get up early.My suggestion was that we(should)get up early.It is suggested that we(should)get up early.Her white face suggested that she was not well.注意：注意：suggest 表示表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明”讲讲时，时，insist 表表示示“坚持认为坚持认为”之意时，从句用之意时，从句用陈述语气陈述语气