教育专题：直接引语间接引语 (2).ppt

直接引语变间接引语 引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话，这叫作间接引语。应注意:(一)时态的变化：主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时态，直接引语中的谓语动词的时态须做下列变化:v一般现在时变为一般过去时v(但直接引语是客观事实、永恒真理，变成间接引语时，时态不变。v例如：They told their son:”The earth goes round the sun.”vThey told their son that the earth goes round the sun.)。v现在进行时变为过去进行时;v现在完成时变为过去完成时;v一般过去时变为过去完成时;v过去完成时则不变，仍是过去完成时;v一般将来时变为过去将来时 人称的变化：要根据句子意思改变人称，如:I-he,she;we-they等等 三)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化：this-that;these-those;now-then;yesterday-the day before;today-that day;tomorrow-the next day;next week(month,year)-the next week(month,year);ago-before;here-there.(四)直接引语转间接引语结构1、直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，由连词that 引导。句式said/told that例如：She said:“I am very happy to help you.”She said that she was very happy to help you.vShe said,I am very happy to help you.vShe said that she was very happy to help you.2、直接引语是一般、选择或反问疑问句，变成间接引语，由连词whether或if 引导。He asked me,Do you like playing football?He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.He asked me:“Do you come from China?”He asked me if/whether I came from China.注意：大多数情况下，if,whether 可以互换，但句中出现or not,或放在介词后作连接词，只用whether。例如：She asked whether he could do it or not.They cried out whether he was all right.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where 等引导。句式asked+疑问词例如：My sister asked me:“What is your friend?”My sister asked me what your friend was.My sister asked me,How do you like the film?My sister asked me how I liked the film.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order tell,ask,order 的宾的宾语。句式语。句式.tell,ask,order.tell,ask,order sbsb to do to do 例如：The solider ordered:”Be quiet.”The solider ordered us to be quiet.注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加notMy teacher asked me:”Dont laugh.”My teacher asked me not to laugh一些注意事项(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。.例如：They told their son,The earth goes round the sun.They told their son that the earth goes round the sun2)2)直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、指示代词、时间状语、指示代词、时间状语、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。地点状语等要作相应的变化。地点状语等要作相应的变化。地点状语等要作相应的变化。(如：this/that these/those,nowthen,todaythat day,yesterdaythe day before,last yearthe year before,agobefore,herethere等。例如：He said,I havent seen her today.He said that he hadnt seen her that day.1.He often says“I shall tell you about them.”He often tells me that _ will tell _ about _.A.Iyouthem B.hemethem C.heyouus D.Imeyou2.You must say to her,“I depend on you and him.”You must tell her that _ depend on _ and _.A.Iyouhim B.sheyoume C.youherhim D.youmehim3.I shall tell him,“I have written to you and her twice.”I shall tell him that _ have written to _ and _ twice.A.Ihimher B.youhimher C.I youme D.youmeher4.Jack said to me,”You look worried today.”Jack told me that _D._ worried _.A.he lookstoday B.you looktoday C.we lookedthat day B.D.I lookedthat day5.We said to her,”Theyre walking through the street now.”We told her that-through the street _.A.we were walkingthen B.you are walkingnow C.they were walkingthen D.they walkingnowB C AC 6She asked,”Whose house will he break into next time?”6She asked,”Whose house will he break into next time?”She asked whose house _ break into _.She asked whose house _ break into _.A.will henext time B.would hethe next time C.he willnext A.will henext time B.would hethe next time C.he willnext time D.he wouldthe next timetime D.he wouldthe next time7 Jack said to her,”Where do you spend your holidays?”Jack asked her where _ holidays.A.she spend her B.you spend your C.she spent her D.you spent your8 The man said to me,“Please send for a doctor now!”The man _ me _ for a doctor.A.orderedto sendthen B.told sendnow C.askedto sendthen B.D.askedsendnow9.I said to my daughter,”Dont make any mistakes in it.”I _ my daughter+_ any mistakes in it.A.askeddont make B.ordereddidnt make C.toldnot to make B.D.toldto not makeDC CC 6He said,“Do I have anything to do with her?”6He said,“Do I have anything to do with her?”He asked _ anything to do with _He asked _ anything to do with _ A.if did he have me B.if he hadme C.whether A.if did he have me B.if he hadme C.whether he hadher D.whether he hadherhe hadher D.whether he hadher7I said to Jenny,“Are you getting on well with him now?”I asked Jenny _ getting on well with him _.A.whether was she then B.if she was then C.how was I now B.D.how I was nowCB 10.Would you like coffee or tea?”asked Mother.10.Would you like coffee or tea?”asked Mother.Mother asked us _.Mother asked us _.A.if I would like coffee and tea B.if would I like coffee or teaA.if I would like coffee and tea B.if would I like coffee or tea C.whether I would like coffee or tea D.whether would I like coffer or teaC.whether I would like coffee or tea D.whether would I like coffer or tea11.“Why didnt you call me an hour ago?”he said.A.He asked me why I didnt call him an hour agoB.He said why I hadnt called him an hour beforeC.He asked why hadnt I called him an hour before?D.He asked why I hadnt called him an hour before12.He said to his son“Put on more clothes”A.He told his son to put on more clothesB.He asked his son put on more clothesC.He said to his son that he would put on more clothesD.He told his son that he should put on more clothescDA GOODBYE