教育精品：名词的用法 (2).ppt

英语中名词的用法。英语中名词的用法。一、名词分专用名词（指人、物、地点等专有的名一、名词分专用名词（指人、物、地点等专有的名词，第一个字母要大写）和普通名词（如词，第一个字母要大写）和普通名词（如book tea salt desk teacher student etc）指人：指人：Lucy Lily Mr.Read Mrs.King 指物：指物：Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday spring summer autumn winter January February March April May June July August September October November December China Chinese America American France Frenchman Japan Japanese German Germany Canada Canadian Australia India New Zealand New York Toronto Sydney Tokyo Paris English French二、按事物的性质分为可数名词和二、按事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。不可数名词。1.可数名词有单数和复数形式。可数名词有单数和复数形式。可数名词单数前一定要加冠词可数名词单数前一定要加冠词a或或 an。a用于辅音因素前，用于辅音因素前，an 用于元用于元音因素前。如：音因素前。如：a banana a university a useful book an apple an hour可数名词复数形式变化规则可数名词复数形式变化规则（1）一般在后加）一般在后加s.如：如：GermanGermans AmericanAmericans deskdesks human beinghuman beings humanhumans boyboys peoplepeoples（民族）（民族）可数名词复数形式变化规则可数名词复数形式变化规则(2)以以s、x、ch、sh结尾的在后加结尾的在后加es.如：如：busbuses boxboxes watchwatches brushbrushes(3)以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾改结尾改y为为i加加es.如：如：babybabies familyfamilies可数名词复数形式变化规则可数名词复数形式变化规则(4)以以o结尾的，有生命的在后加结尾的，有生命的在后加es.无无生生 命的名词在后加命的名词在后加s.如：如：potatopotatoes tomatotomatoes heroheroes radioradios photophotos可数名词复数形式变化规则可数名词复数形式变化规则(5)以以f、fe结尾的改结尾的改f、fe为为v再加再加es (roofroofs stuffstuffs scarf scarfs或或scarves 除外除外).如：如：lifelives leafleaves myselfourselves wifewives thiefthieves 可数名词复数形式变化规则可数名词复数形式变化规则(6)不规则变化不规则变化.a:单复数不变单复数不变 如：如：deerdeer sheepsheep ChineseChinese(中国人中国人)JapaneseJapanese（日本人）（日本人）peoplepeople（人民）（人民）可数名词复数形式变化规则可数名词复数形式变化规则(6)不规则变化不规则变化.b:以以man结尾改结尾改a为为e 如：如：manmen womanwomen EnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrenchmen policemanpolicemen (German human 除外除外)可数名词复数形式变化规则可数名词复数形式变化规则(6)不规则变化不规则变化.c:以以man、woman 构成的复合名词构成的复合名词 二个都要变二个都要变.如：如：woman teacherwomen teachers d：以：以oo结尾的改结尾的改oo为为ee.如：如：footfeet toothteeth e:有变化的。如：有变化的。如：childchildren mousemice2.不可数名词无复数形式，不受不定冠词不可数名词无复数形式，不受不定冠词修饰，作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称修饰，作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。如单数形式。如:English Chinese（汉语）（汉语）Japanese（日语）（日语）French air fish（鱼肉）（鱼肉）chicken（鸡肉（鸡肉)meat mutton pork rice fruit teawater milk orange(橘汁橘汁)ice weatherbread porridge snow chalk rainsugar cotton news work homeworkhousework paper grass food helpinformation advice experience(经验经验)三、名词所有格三、名词所有格1.一般在后加一般在后加s 如如:childrens flowers mens shoes Mikes father Kates cat Lilys coat my friends name2.以以s 结尾的一般在后加结尾的一般在后加如：如：the twins clothes Teachers Day.名词所有格名词所有格3.用用and连接的两个名词变所有格分两种情况。连接的两个名词变所有格分两种情况。（1）后面的人或物是两个共有的，只在最后）后面的人或物是两个共有的，只在最后一个名词后变所有格。如：一个名词后变所有格。如：She is Jack and Mikes teacher.This is my father and mothers bedroom.（2）后面的人或物是两个各自拥有的，则分）后面的人或物是两个各自拥有的，则分别在名词后变所有格。如：别在名词后变所有格。如：They are my sisters and my brothers rooms.名词所有格名词所有格4、无生命的名词变所有格用、无生命的名词变所有格用of 结构。结构。如：如：a map of China a friend of mine a brother of my fathers 四中考衔接四中考衔接选择题选择题()()1.July 1st is _ Day.A.child B.Child C.Childrens D.Childrens()()2.They got much _ on the Internet.A.idea B.ideas C.messages D.information()()3.There are five _in our factory.A.women driver B.woman drivers C.woman driver D.women drivers 选择题选择题()()4.My school isnt far from here.Its only _ walk.A.fifteen minutes B.fifteen minutes C.fifteen minutes D.fifteen minutess()()5.This is _ bedroom.The twin sisters like it very much.A.Anns and Janes B.Anns and Jane C.Ann and Janes D.Ann and Janes()()6.There are five_ and nine _ in the picture.A.deers，sheep B.deer,sheeps C.deers,sheeps D.deer,sheepSo much for today.Thanks for listening.