备考2022练习2019年高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）（含解析版） (2).pdf
20192019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试( (新课标新课标 I)I)英英语语注意事项注意事项: :1.1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。本试卷上无效。3.3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分第二部分阅读理解阅读理解( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 4040 分分) )第一节第一节 ( (共共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分分) )阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A A、B B、C C 和和 D D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A ANeed a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. Thedeadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help peopleunder 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program.Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start andrun their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projectsfor eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities(机会机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summerpositions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older.Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 forpersons with a disability.21. What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A. 15-18.B. 15-24.C. 15-29.D. 16-17.23. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.B BFor Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now its ChrisPalaezs turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who wouldenjoy public speaking.But hes, nervous.“Im here to tell you today why you should should”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a.pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him,whispering support.“Vote for me ”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When hebrings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.Ason of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how atthe beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who letsyou make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learningEnglish as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，I dont know，but I want to know.”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day toraise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says theproject is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came intothe classroom not feeling confident.”24. What made Chris nervous？A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.C. Taking a test.D.Answering a question.25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to _.A. help students see their own strengthsB. assess studentspublic speaking skillsC. prepare students for their future jobsD. inspire studentslove for politics27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A. Humorous.B.Ambitious.C. Caring.D. Demanding.C CAs data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e-spaces.At present, these technologies arestill expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around thisproblem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types andthe pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things likethe force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, thekeyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computerits connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with. Everybody uses akeyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four timesusing the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based onhow they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward tocommercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in thenear future.28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A. To reduce pressure on keys.B. To improve accuracy in typingC. To replace the password system.D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？A. Computers are much easier to operate.B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.D. Data security measures are guaranteed.30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？all 1o soisgitieoco oll.A. Itll be environment-friendly.B. Itll reach consumers soon.C. Itll be made of plastics.D. Itll help speed up typing.31. Where is this text most likely from?A.Adiary.B.AguidebookC.A novel.D.Amagazine.D DDuring the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me tokeep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls andcool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokeson others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychologysorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likablesplays-well-with-othersqualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employedever after in life and work. Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power andeven dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences. Those whowere highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely toengage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, themost liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teenshad become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearlyshowed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing,kindness, openness carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related topositive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. Being liked creates opportunities forlearning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?A. Unkind.B. Lonely.C. Generous.D. Cool.33. What is the second paragraph mainly about？A. The classification of the popular.B. The characteristics of adolescents.C.The importance of interpersonal skills.D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.34. What did Dr. Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids?A. They appeared to be aggressive.B. They tended to be more adaptable.C. They enjoyed the highest status.D. They performed well academically.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Be Nice-You Wont Finish LastB. The Higher the Status, the BeerC. Be the Best-You Can Make ItD. More Self-Control, LessAggressiveness第二节第二节 ( (共共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1010 分分) )根据短文内容根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项选项中有两项为多余选项。Is Fresh Air Really Good forYou?We all grew up hearingpeople tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” _36_ According to recentstudies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good._37_ If the air youre breathing is clean-which it would be if youre away from the smog of cities-thenthe air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathemore deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈)._38_ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just lookingat green， growing things can reduce stress， lower blood pressure， and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greeneryis good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate thanpatients who see buildings or sky instead. _39_ It gives us a great feeling of peace._40_While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sureyou get enough Vitamin Dbut still protect your skin put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takessunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth ofVitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D.Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G.All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.第三部分第三部分语言知识运用语言知识运用( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 4545 分分) )第一节第一节 ( (共共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分分) )阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A A、B B、C C 和和 D D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项。Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They _41_with them lots of waste. The _42_ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing,changing the _43_ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, Im _44_ about the place other destinations are described as “purer” naturalexperiences.However, I soon _45_ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _46_ amongtons of rubbish. I find a _47_ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmentalchallenges are _48_ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be _49_.The best of a Kilimanjaro _50_, in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are _51_ asspiritual places by many cultures. This _52_ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as _53_ go through fiveecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers.At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters,_54_ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather _55_ low clouds envelope themountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I _56_ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland _57_: gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. _58_ you climb into an arctic-like zonewith _59_ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro _60_ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphereof peace？I found the opposite to be true.41.A. keepB. mixC. connectD. bring42.A. storiesB. buildingsC. crowdsD. reporters43.A. positionB. ageC. faceD. name44.A. silentB. skepticalC. seriousD. crazy45.A. discoverB. argueC. decideD. advocate46.A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stones47.A. remoteB. quietC. allD. clean48.A. newB. specialC. significantD. necessary49.A. paying offB. spreading outC. blowing upD. fading away50.A. atmosphereB. experienceC. experimentD. sight51.A. studiedB. observedC. exploredD. regarded52.A. viewB. qualityC. reasonD. purpose53.A. scientistsB. climbersC. localsD. officials54.A. holding on toB. going back toC. living up toD. giving way to55.A. changesB. clearsC. improvesD. permits56.A. matchB. imagineC. countD. add57.A. villageB. desertC. roadD. lake58.A. ObviouslyB. EasilyC. ConsequentlyD. Finally59.A. permanentB. littleC. freshD. artificial60.A. enjoyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire第二节第二节 ( (共共 1010 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 1515 分分) )阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. Whilethey are rare north of 88,there is evidence _61_ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south asJames Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been_62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modem methods _63_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive _64_ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut_65_ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _66_ (believe) thatpopulations are increasing. Scientists have responded by_67_ (note) that hungry bears may becongregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are _68_ (high)tha
