江苏对口单招班第二册第三单元语法状语从句.ppt

状语从句状语从句状状语语从从句句时间状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句1.时间状语从句1)由连词由连词when,while,as,as soon as,before,after,since,till/until等引导。等引导。主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来时表将来I will tell him when he comes back.2)while,when,as辨析辨析 While引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句只指一段时间只指一段时间，强调某一段时间内，主从句动作强调某一段时间内，主从句动作同时同时发发生。从句动词常是生。从句动词常是延续性延续性的的 When既可以指既可以指一个时间点一个时间点,也可以是一段也可以是一段时间，时间，可表示主从句的动作可表示主从句的动作同时同时或或先后先后发生。从句动词发生。从句动词可以是延续性可以是延续性的，的，也可也可以是非延续性以是非延续性的。的。As强调主句强调主句从句动作相并发生从句动作相并发生,译为译为”一边一边一边一边”When he returned,his wife was cooking.While he was reading,his wife was cooking.He hurried home,looking behind as he went.另外另外,when/while还作并列连词还作并列连词,连接并列分句连接并列分句,while表示表示“而而,可是可是”如如:I like reading while my wife enjoys watching TV.when表示表示“就在这时就在这时”在下列结构中，表示某在下列结构中，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。件事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。1.be about to do when2.be doing when3.had done whene.g.We were about to start when it began to rain.I was playing computer games when mom came in.3)until/till(不用于句首不用于句首)“延续的动词（延续的动词（肯定式肯定式）+until”表示表示“直到直到为止为止”I waited for him until he came back.“非延续性动词（非延续性动词（否定式否定式）+until”表表示示“直到直到 才才”He didnt go to bed until he finished his work.Not until he saw it himself did he believe it.注意注意:not until 在句首时要倒装在句首时要倒装4)表示表示“一一就就”的句型的句型(1)as soon as,once,the moment/minute/second,immediately/directly/instantlyAs soon as he comes,Ill tell him.The moment I saw him,I recognized him.I left immediately the clock struck 5.(2)on/upon doing/on(upon)ones+nOn arriving at the station,the thief was arrested.On his arrival in Paris,he was recognized as a famous person.5)Every time,each time等也可以引等也可以引导时间状语从句导时间状语从句Every time I caught a cold,I had pain in my head.(3)no sooner than/hardly when/scarcely whenNo sooner had they reached home than it started to rain.Hardly had I entered the room when the telephone rang.6)before 和和since1）before“还未还未就就”,“不到不到就就”，“才才”We hadnt run a mile before tired.Do it now before you forget.2）It will be+时间段时间段+before sb.do 多久之后才多久之后才 It will be two years before I come back.Practice:1.I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone.A.while B.after C.in case D.the minute2.How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers A.when B.until C.before D.since3._ the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.since C.As D.While4.He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A.why B.where C.when D.while2.让步状语从句让步状语从句 引导词有：引导词有：although,though,even if/though,as,while（尽管）（尽管）whetheror(无论无论还是还是),whoever=no matter who whenever=no matter whenwhatever=no matter whatwherever=no matter wherehowever=no matter how判断正误：判断正误：No matter what you say is of no use now.Whatever you say is of no use now.归纳：归纳：no matter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，宾语从句，而而“疑问词疑问词+ever”则可以则可以 1)as 引导的让步从句要倒装，句型为：引导的让步从句要倒装，句型为：形容词形容词/副词副词/名词（不带冠词）名词（不带冠词）/动词动词（原形）（原形）+主语主语+谓语谓语Young as he is,he knows a lot.Much as I like it,I cant afford it.Farmer as he is,he is well-educated.Try as I might,I couldnt lift the stone.2）although不倒装，不倒装，though可倒装也可可倒装也可不倒装不倒装,as 必须倒装必须倒装 Although/Though he was ill he didnt stop working.1._ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.A.While B.since C.Before D.Unless2.The workers are determined to go through with their railway project,_ the expenses have risen.A.as long as B.even though C.now that D.as though3.I really want the match,however much _.A.does it cost B.costs it C.will it cost D.it costs4._ we have finished the course,we shall start doing more revision work.A.For now B.Now that C.By now D.until5._,the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him.A.Wanting the job very much B.Although wanting the job badly C.Though he wanted the job very much D.He wanted the job badly3.地点状语从句地点状语从句引导词有引导词有:where,wherever注意：不要混同于注意：不要混同于where 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句与定语从句的区别：与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句，引导定语从句，从句前有一个表示地点的名词。从句前有一个表示地点的名词。Go back where you came from.Go back to the village where you came from.(有志者，事竟成）有志者，事竟成）Ill follow you wherever you go.Where there is a will,there is a way.4.原因状语从句原因状语从句由由because,since,now that,as引导。引导。(1).because 语气最强，用来回答语气最强，用来回答why提问，提问，可用在强调句型中。可用在强调句型中。It was because he was ill that he didnt go with us.(2).Since语气比语气比because弱，表示关系上的弱，表示关系上的自然结果，一般译成自然结果，一般译成“既然，鉴于既然，鉴于”（往往放（往往放于主句之前）于主句之前）Since no one is against it,lets carry out the plan.（既然没人反对（既然没人反对,)(3).as语气最弱，只说明一般的因果关系语气最弱，只说明一般的因果关系（可放于主句之前，也可放于主句之后）（可放于主句之前，也可放于主句之后）Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking today.(4).for也可以表示原因，不是说明直接原也可以表示原因，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推倒，用于表示因，而是对某种情况加以推倒，用于表示补充说明补充说明理由。理由。He must be ill,for he is absent today.(5).now that用来说明一种新情况，然后加用来说明一种新情况，然后加以推理，以推理，now that放于句首时，放于句首时，that可省可省略。略。Now(that)everybody is here,lets begin.5.目的状语从句目的状语从句引导词：引导词：in order that,so that(为了）为了）,for fear that,in case,谓语动词常含有谓语动词常含有can,could,may,might,will,would等情等情态动词。态动词。Ill speak slowly so that everybody can understand me.He wrote the name down for fear that(in case)he would forget.6.结果状语从句：结果状语从句：引导词有：引导词有：sothat,suchthat,so that 常用句型：常用句型：1)so+adj.(adv.)+that2)so+adj.+a(an)+n.+that3)Such+a(an)+adj.+n.+that4)Such+adj.+n(s)+thatHe spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.It was such a good day that we all went swimming.7.条件状语从句条件状语从句1.由由if,unless(=if not),so/as long as(只要只要),suppose/supposing(假设，假设，如果如果),in case(以防以防),on condition that,provided that(如果如果)引导。引导。e.g.You may use the room as long as you clean it up afterwards.2.“祈使句祈使句+and/or/or else/otherwise”引导的结果句，祈使句在实际意义上相引导的结果句，祈使句在实际意义上相当于条件状语从句。当于条件状语从句。Use you head,and you will find a way.Get up now,or you will be late.8.方式状语从句方式状语从句 引导词有引导词有:as(如同如同),as if/though(好好像像)They are talking as if(as though)they were old friends.注意：注意：as，like 都表示都表示“像像”，I work as others do.I work like others.as 是连词是连词，后加句子，后加句子 like 是介词，后加名词、代词、名词短语是介词，后加名词、代词、名词短语9.比较状语从句比较状语从句由由as as,not as/soas,than,the more the moreHe ran as far as he could.The harder you try,the better you will understand.部分状语从句可用省略形式：部分状语从句可用省略形式：even if,if,once,while,though,unless,when,as if etc.1.The flower his friends gave him will die unless(it is)watered every day.2.Even if(I am)invited,I wont go there.3.Once(you are)caught sleeping in class,youll be punished by your head-teacher.4.She wont speak to anyone unless(she is)asked to.5.When(it is)compared with the old one,our new house is really like a palace.6.These young man volunteered to go wherever(they are)needed.