教育精品：定语从句课件.ppt

Practice makes perfect!Practice makes perfect!May you succeed in your studies!May you succeed in your studies!Revision ofthe Attributive Clause定语从句复习定语从句复习关系词及其意义关系词及其意义指代人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所属关系所属关系 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原因指原因 who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewherewhenwhy关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词归归纳纳总总结结关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词注意事项注意事项:1.从句的位置从句的位置:2.翻译方法翻译方法:3.构成构成：先行词之后先行词之后(缺成分：主、宾、定、状）缺成分：主、宾、定、状）“.的的”关系词关系词For example:This is a book which tells about space rocker technology.先行词先行词(名词、名词、代词）代词）关系代词关系代词定语从句（缺成定语从句（缺成分：主语）分：主语）学习定语从句口诀一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处，三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。还原（补缺）看成分引导词口诀：还原-（补缺）-看成分【还原】-就是将先行词先行词放回定语从句中。【补缺】-有些先行词放回定语从句之后,该句为一个完整的句子,不需要再补加其他成分(在从句中作主语或宾语主语或宾语);有些需要补上一个所有格(用作定语定语)或介词(用作状语状语，表时间、地点或原因),句子的意思才能完整,这就叫补缺。【看成分】-就是让先行词或先行词与补充的部分一起作句中的成分，然后根据所充当的成分确定定语从句引导词。主句？从句？先行词？【例1】、A plane is a machine can fly.先行词 定从：缺成分（主语）The machine can fly.（还原后句子完整，不用补缺，先行词在句中作主语,指物,用which或that ）主句？从句？先行词？【例2】、The boy broke the window is called Tom.The boy broke the window.(还原后句子完整，不用补缺，先行词在句中作主语,指人,用who或that ）主句？从句？先行词？【例3】、The fish we bought this morning were not fresh.We bought the fish this morning.(还原后句子完整，不用补缺，先行词在句中作宾语,指物,用which或that 或省略）情况1：句子完整，不补缺结论1:当关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语时不需补缺.指人时用who（作主语），whom（作宾语）或that,指物用whichthat,作宾语时可省略。主句？从句？先行词？【例4】、The boy parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.The boys parents are dead.(还原后句子不完整,需补上一个所有格,用作定语，用whose)情况2：句子不完整，补所有格结论2:当还原后,句子不完整,需补上一个所有格时,该定语从句的引导词用whose（可指人或物）。另外，用whose时后面紧跟一个名词,whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中作主语或宾语。主句？从句？先行词？【例5】、I still remember the day I came here.I came here（on）the day.(还原后,句子不完整，需补上一个介词on,on the day表时间,用When)主句？从句？先行词？【例6】、This is the house I lived last year.I lived（in）the house last year.(还原后句子不完整，需补上一个介词in,in the house表地点，用where)主句？从句？先行词？【例7】、There are many reasons people like traveling.people like traveling（for）many reasons.(还原后句子不完整，需补上一个介词for,for many reasons表原因,用why)情况3：句子不完整，补一个介词结论3:当还原后,句子不完整,需补上一个介词时,该定语从句的引导词用when，where 或why，分别表示时间、地点或原因。特别说明：当需要补上一个介词时，oninwhich=when(表时间);atinwhich=where(表地点);for which=why(表原因)；但如需要补上其它介词，如withoutwiththrough等时，不能用以上方法进行合并，这时一般用于介词提前的定语从句。as常用在一些固定搭配中：as we expected（不出所料）;as is known to all（众所周知）;as is mentioned above（正如上面所提到的）;thesame.as;such.as;as.as等结构中Exercise 11.I live next door to a couple（夫妻）_ children often make a lot of noise.2.All my classmates enjoyed the cake _ I made.3.The student _ the teacher praised(表扬)at the class meeting is our monitor(班长).4.I know the boy _ you are lookingfor.whosethat/whichwhom/thatwhom/that5.Anne was a Jewish girl best friend was her diary.whose6.English is a language is spoken around the world.which/that7.They cycled along the Mekong River _ begins Qinghai Province.which/that8.The number of people were killed or injured reached over 400,000.who/that9.Nelson Mandela is a great black man _ people around the world think highly of.whom/that 10.I really like the story _ my mother told.that/whichExercises:Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative pronouns and adverbs.1.Is this the room _ you cleaned last time?2.Is this the room _ we lived before?3.This is the garden _ they stayed for a night.4.This is the garden _ they visited last time.thatwherewherethat5.Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his home.6.Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him last day.7.She still remembers the year _ she found her first job.8.She still remembers the year _ she spent in Jining.whenthatwhenthat 1)The boy _visited our school yesterday is Jack.2)The boy _ we saw yesterday is Jack.3)He is the boy _ went to school with me.4)The person _ I talked with is our teacher.Who/that(whom/that)Who/that(whom/that)who who/that/that 指人指人,在从句中在从句中作主语作主语 wwhomhom/that/that指人指人,在从句中在从句中作宾语作宾语(可省略可省略)1)Harry is the boy mother is our Maths teacher.2)Look at the tree leaves are black.5)Please pass me the book _ cover is red.3)He helped the man _car had broken.4)He lives in a house _windows open south.Whosewhosewhosewhosewhose wwhose:hose:指人或物，指人或物，在从句中在从句中作定语，表作定语，表示示 的的 1)Look at the trees _were planted last year.2)The machine _he is operating is made in America.3)Is this the library _ you borrow the book fromwhich/that(which/that)(which/that)which which/that/that 指物，指物，在从句中在从句中作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作作宾语可省略宾语可省略)1)Ill never forget the day _I joined the army.2)Is this the week _ I visited the city?试比较：试比较：I will never forget the year _ we spent together.I will never forget the year _ we work together.when/on whichwhen/in which(which/that)In which/when WhenWhen：指代时间，在从句中作时间状语：指代时间，在从句中作时间状语想当于介词想当于介词+which+which1)Please put the letter on the desk_ he can easily find itThis is the factory _ I visited yesterday.This is the factory _I paid a visit.2)This is the factory _ my father once worked.试比较：试比较：where/on whichwhere/in which(which/that)where/to which WheWherere：指代：指代地点，在从句中作时间状语地点，在从句中作时间状语想当于介词想当于介词+which+whichThis is the reason _ he didnt come to the meeting.This is the reason _he was late.This is the reason _ he gave to me.试比较：试比较：Why/for whichWhy/for which(which/that)WhenWhen：指代时间，在从句中作时间状语：指代时间，在从句中作时间状语想当于介词想当于介词+which+which1.This is the room_ I visited yesterday.This is the room_ I left the book yesterday.2.I will remember the days _ we spent together.I will remember the days _ we stayed together.3.This is the reason_ I gave to the teacher.This is the reason _ I was late yesterday.which/that/不填不填where/in whichwhich/that/不填不填when/in whichwhich/that/不填不填why/for which4.This is the bus _ I takes to school.The bus _I go to work broke down.5.Is this school _ you once studied in?Is this the school _you once studied in?Is this the only flat_you once lived in?Is this the flat in _you once lived?Is this the flat _ you once lived?Is this the only flat _you once lived?(which/that)the one（that）(which/that)(that)whichwhere/in which where on whichExercise 21.Robot is a machine who can help people do many kinds of housework.2.The house which roof is red is mine.3.He is the man whom has much money.4.I know the girl who hair is long and yellow.which/thatwhosewho/thatwhose5.Football is a game whose is liked by most boys.that/which6.Yesterday I helped an old man whom lost his way.who/that7.The man whose you met last Sunday is my friend.whom/that8.Mr.Liu is the person whom talked with you on the bus.who/that9.He is just the boy which I want to see.whom/that10.The house which door has been destroyed is mine.whoseCorrect mistakes for the following sentences.1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.2.My mother has a good book,which cover looks terrible.3.Who are the young girls who are having dinner in the restaurant?4.She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths.whomwhosethatare5.Tom is the only one of the boys who like playing football.6.Who is the girl that you talked to her just now?7.This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.8.There is an old woman,that is holding a stick.likesheritwho