教育精品：宾语从句复习.ppt

Objectclause（revision）吴英They know the teacher.They know that he has joined the army.A sentence which serves as object is called Object Clause.S V O S VObject Clause1.ThegirlsaysthattheNationalDayiscoming.2.Sheasksifwearehappy.3.Manyclassmatesaskherwhatshewilldoduringtheholiday.Can you recollect the 3 different types of object clause?引引导导词词陈述句陈述句(主主+v/主主+adj.):特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:一般疑问句一般疑问句:先先_后后_(that)特殊疑问词如特殊疑问词如what/where/when/who/how much/how many.if/whether主主谓谓语语序序时时态态宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素主句为现在时，从句的时态根据主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_而定。而定。主句为主句为过去时过去时，从句的时态用从句的时态用_时态时态。实际情况实际情况相应的过去相应的过去 宾语从句的从句的连接接词：类别 关关联词 特点特点.从属从属连词that,whether/if只起只起连接作用，不充当从接作用，不充当从句成分。句成分。.连接代接代词 who,whom,what，which,whose起起连接作用外，接作用外，还在从句在从句中充当主中充当主语或或宾语或定或定语.连接副接副词 when,where,how，why起起连接作用外，接作用外，还在从句在从句中充当状中充当状语。注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.I hear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）一小时后他会回来）2.He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）他非常想念我们）3.The teacher told us(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）地球围着太阳转）he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时句一律用一般现在时由从属连词由从属连词whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Ask him _.（他是否能来）他是否能来）2.I dont know _.（是否要下雨）是否要下雨）whether(if)he can come whether it is going to rain or not当句末为当句末为or not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.If 与与whether 的区别的区别1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4._ he will come is not decided.与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whether由连接代词由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接及连接副词副词 when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句when well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is latewho could answer the question1.He asked _.(谁能回答这个问题谁能回答这个问题）2.Do you know_.（他们在等谁他们在等谁）3.Please tell me _.（我们什么时候开会我们什么时候开会）4.Can you tell me _.（他在哪儿他在哪儿）5.Could you tell me _.（我该怎么去车站我该怎么去车站）6.Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了为什么火车迟到了）whom they are waiting for语序：陈述句语序 即：陈述句结构（主即：陈述句结构（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）将下列句子换成陈述句语序1.Is there a bank near here?2.Are they doing homework?3.Did the bad news influence his mood?There is a bank near here.They are doing homework.The bad news influenced his mood.将下列问句变成陈述句。1.Canheswim?swim.2.Doeshehaveapen?apen.3.Whichplacedidhegoto?Whichplace.4.Whatswrongwithyou?.5.Whathappenedtoyou?.6.Whichisthewaytothestation?.He canHe hashe went toWhat happened to youWhats wrong with you 说一说说一说将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。Which is the way to the station Can you tell me/I want to know/I wonder/Please tell me?e.g.Can you tell me if/whether he can swim?l时态时态(时态一致性）时态一致性）l1.如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般现在时一般现在时，宾语从，宾语从 句的时句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_时态时态。I dont think(that)you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.lDo you know when Mr.Smith moved here?任任 何何l2.如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般过去时一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的，宾语从句只能用相应的_时态时态（一般过去时，（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：过去完成时）。例如：lHe told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.lHe said that he would go back to the U.S.soon.过去过去确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时.如果宾语从句所陈述的是如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理客观真理，即使主句用了，即使主句用了过过去时去时，从句仍用，从句仍用 _时态时态。例如：。例如：The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.一般现在一般现在 He told me(that)Summer is after Spring.I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon.My parents told me(that)no news is good news.1.Miss Zeng asked why was he late for school.语序必须语序必须先主语后谓语先主语后谓语。主句为过去时，从句的时态用相应的过去时态。2.I dont know what did he do yesterday.he wasa.a.宾语从句的助动词要去掉宾语从句的助动词要去掉.主句为现在时，从句出现主句为现在时，从句出现yesterdayyesterday的过去时间，因的过去时间，因此从句用过去时。此从句用过去时。he did3.Director Yan asked what the matter was with her.4.Miss He said that the moon moved round the earth.what was the matter with hermoves 从句内容为从句内容为真理真理时，从句的时态用时，从句的时态用一般现在时。一般现在时。whwhatat在这里既做引导词，也做主语。仍用疑在这里既做引导词，也做主语。仍用疑问句语序。问句语序。whwho o.,which is.,which is同理。同理。5.Im confident that you will do well in the exam tomorrow.whetherb.只能用只能用whether:(1)与与 or not连用连用(2)不定式不定式前：前：whether+to do(3)介词介词+whether 6.They are uncertain that if it will turn cold or not tomorrow.主语主语+形容词，宾语从句用形容词，宾语从句用thatthat引导引导.a.a.宾语从句不能同时用两个引导词宾语从句不能同时用两个引导词。否定转移 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是谓语动词是thinkthink，believe,guess,supposebelieve,guess,suppose等时，要将等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动宾语从句的谓语动用肯定式。eg:I dont think he will come with you.我我认为他不会和你一起来他不会和你一起来 I dont think he is a good doctor.我我认为他不是一个好医生他不是一个好医生 1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.4.I hear he _(return)it already.5.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)6.He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)7.The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel)8.I think you _ about the relay race now.(talk)9.I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be)will be goes were playing has returned had been travels are talking were were doing10.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)11.Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move)round the earth.12.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)13.Ling Feng told me he _ to several times.(be)14.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)15.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do)wrote moves has taken has been risesdid