翻转课堂教学模式在大学英语教学中的应用研究.docx

AcknowledgementsI wish to express my great gratitude to my supervisor, Mrs. Wang , who I learn a lot from their enlightening and precious advice given to my during the process of completing this paper. She provided me with insightful and patient guidance on the selection of materials, the decision of the outline, and the revise of my paper.I am also grateful to all the teachers effort to endow me with abundant knowledge during my four years university study in the Foreign Language department, Xian yang Normal University. I learn a lot of knowledge about teaching and it can be useful in my life.Although it is a laborious and time-consuming task for most graduates, I enjoy this period of time because I realize my growth and progress in various aspects. It is the most important to experience and learn from all meaningful things.Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmate who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.AbstractFlipped classroom is a current research focus both in foreign countries and in China. It is the most difficult point because of the limited teaching time in college English teaching. In our country, the research and application of the flipped classroom is still in its initial stage. At present, the domestic empirical research on flipped classroom has just started, the teaching cases mainly focus on science teaching, and only a small amount of research is about the application of English teaching. Therefore, it is a useful exploration and attempt to construct the flipped classroom model in College English teaching and investigate the effect of the model. The flipped classroom model swaps the traditional arrangement of knowledge imparting and knowledge to improve teaching effectiveness. And there have been numerous studies on the flipped classroom model both at home and abroad. After a review of these studies with respect to the development and theoretical foundation of the model, this paper focuses on its specific procedures and characteristics in Chinas college English teaching. The paper is expected to contribute to the development of research on the flipped classroom model and provide implications for effective application on the model in college English teaching.Key Words: flipped classroom; teaching model; College English teaching摘 要翻转课堂是近年来国内外研究的热点，而大学英语教学由于教学时间有限成为教学难点。我国翻转课堂的研究与应用仍处于起步阶段，关于翻转课堂的实证研究刚刚起步，且主要集中在理科教学方面，仅有少量涉及在英语教学中的应用，因此，初步构建大学英语翻转课堂模式并探讨该模式在教学中的效果不失为一种有益的探索和尝试。翻转课堂模式颠倒传统教学中知识传递与知识内化两个阶段以提高教学效果，针对翻转课堂模式国内外已经开展大量研究。本文综述翻转课堂模式的发展过程和理论依据，总结梳理翻转课堂模式在我国大学英语教学中的实施流程和任务特点。希望能为翻转课堂模式的研究发展及其在大学英语教学中更为有效的应用提供启示。关键词：翻转课堂；教学模式；大学英语教学ContentsTOC o "1-3" h z u 1. Introduction 12. Literature Review 22.1 The concept of the FCM 32.2 The theoretical bases of the FCM in College English 32.2.1 Peer Instruction 42.2.2Mastery Learning Theory 42.2.3Autonomous Learning Theory 52.2.4 Constructivism 52.2.5 Games-learning theory 73. The application of the FCM in College English 73.1 The teaching design of the FCM 73.1.1. The development of class resources 83.1.2 Learning autonomously before class 83.1.3 Communication between each other in class 83.1.4. The feedback assessment of teachers 103.1.5 Summary and reflection after class 113.2 The characteristics of the task in the FCM 113.2.1 Student-centered 113.2.2 Independent Learning 123.2.3 Interactive Study 123.2.4 Personalized Learning 123.2.5 Modern information technology 134. The feasibility analysis of the FCM in college English teaching 134.1 The dilemma of college English teaching 134.2 The advantages of the FCM in College English 144.3 The concrete operations of the FCM in College English 154.3.1 The teachers role 164.3.2 Improving teachers and students information technology skill 164.3.3 Enhancing students autonomous learning ability 165. Conclusion 17Bibliography 19The Application Research of The Flipped Classroom Model in College English Teaching1. IntroductionThe development of English has become an indispensable tool in international communication, so the quality of English teaching also not allows us to ignore in such a diversity of information age. Education mode should also adapt to change and adjustment. English teachers should conform to the trend of the development of the age and make full use of the internet to reach teaching content, teaching method and solve the deficiency of English teaching. Let the students learn more effectively. College English as the compulsory foundation course of college, students should not only cultivate the students English comprehensive ability but also improve the students comprehensive cultural quality. In order to achieve the teaching goal of the College English, it emerged many teaching reforms and innovations. The flipped classroom mode is one of the new teaching was. The flipped classroom in foreign also has a wider theory and practice base. It is gradually developing in recent years in our country in the field of teaching. In this paper, research and application of flipped classroom pattern in the overseas, the present domestic situation and development of the application of the reverse mode in college English classroom teaching are looking forward the study of the flipped classroom. Hoping that we can use flipped classroom college English teaching more reasonable, effectively.The flipped classroom is meant to converse the traditional knowledge into knowledge internalization and transfer knowledge. Teachers and students communicate with each other, students and students study cooperatively, in order to cultivate students ability of intellectual. Marcey and Brint reveal another difference between the flipped classroom mode and the traditional teaching model. Knowledge is transferred through the information technology and assimilated through the interaction between teachers and students.Flipped classroom is a product of information technology. Flipped classroom is a form of blended learning, and it compasses any use of technology to leverage the learning in a classroom, so that the teachers spend more time interacting with students rather than lecturing.Jonathan Bergmann and Aaron Sams are the pioneers of flipped classroom who puts it:" Basically the concept of a flipped class is this: that which is traditionally done in class is now done at home, and that which is traditionally done as homework is now completed in class. But as you will see, there is more to a flipped classroom than this."(2012)The new teaching model is named "flipped ", because the conventional classroom order is "inverted ". Students first learn the materials independently, typically using video lessons made by instructors (Ronchetti 2010). In the classroom, students use the knowledge they learned before class to solve problems and do some exercises.The flipped classroom model provides teaching videos for students in self-learning before class and helps students to solve problems and applying practical knowledge in class, the model has attracted much concern in the educational world both in China and foreign countries. Under the background of information technology, the reform of Chinese College English teaching has been transferred to explore the integration of modern information technology and foreign language curriculum, and ultimately promote the quality of college foreign language education (Feng Yuan 2014). Flipped classroom adapts to the purpose of foreign language teaching reform and supplies a practical platform for modern education. In 2006, two middle school teachers in Colorado, the United States, Bergmann Jonathan and Aaron Sams became the initiators and practitioners of flipped classroom by recording videos. In recent years, scholars have paid more and more attention on the concept of flipped classroom. The implication of the flipped classroom in primary and secondary schools and colleges has been increasing (Schwartz 2014).In recent years, flipped classroom mode is more and more popular in educators abroad. With the development and popularization of the information network technology, flipped classroom mode is established gradually in Junior High school and university teaching. We can say the flipped classroom constructs an innovative teaching mode, and is the destruction of the traditional teaching model innovation. Flipped classroom as a product of the education of a fine has the unique advantages that traditional teaching mode cant compare with. If we use flipped classroom mode in teaching, we cannot only to conform to the trend of the development of the education in the formation era, but also create a convenience for the students learning. So, flipped classroom will be a classroom teaching reform in global wave. Such as the United States has turned around class organized seminars, and has established a number of sites. A huge learning network is extending all kinds of schools at all levels.2. Literature ReviewThis chapter presents the concept of the flipped classroom model. The research trends and studies of flipped classroom in college English teaching are also introduced. And five theories are introduced.2.1 The concept of the FCMFlipped classroom means that teachers use teaching video as the main form of learning resources and students complete the teaching video learning in the information environment. In the classroom, teachers and students finish the homework collaboration, explore and interactive activities such as a new type of teaching mode. The basic features of flipped classroom are based on constructivism theory as the instruction and supported by modern education technology. Through the traditional teaching process implementation of knowledge transfer advanced and knowledge internalization optimization.Flipped classroom was put into elementary and middle school at once in the United States. In 2007, the university classroom teaching practice is deepening. Related researchers are also increasing and producing a series of research. Application research mainly focused on the application and effect of flipped classroom in foreign countries, the application of comparative study with traditional teaching and design and implementation method of the flipped classroom. Such as the United States education technical expert Strayer confirmed that the flipped classroom has a significant positive effect on learners cooperation ability and the cultivation of innovation ability through the comparison with the traditional classroom. California state university of a scholar of Enfield was conducted a research. The results show that the flipped classroom helps students internalize learning content, improving students self-confidence and autonomous learning ability and the effect is remarkable. American Scholar Darwin through empirical study confirmed the positive effect of the flipped classroom and pointed out that the personalized learning enhances the students learning motivation. Above study is applied research in science, engineering and the course of the liberal arts of applied research are relatively small. Such as the two universities in the United States History teachers Gaughan and Westermann bravely innovated and tried to practice flipped classroom in the history course. Their research showed that flipped classroom mode can improve students input in the classroom, enhancing the enthusiasm of the students.In recent years, domestic researchers are developing gradually and emerging in a number of influential research results. But the study also is given priority in science and engineering courses. Nearly three years, flipped classroom gradually is introduced into the model of college English teaching practice and research. Researchers attempt to build and appreciate different types of college English flipped classroom mode.2.2 The theoretical bases of the FCM in College EnglishFlipped classroom has been a popular research issue. There are some theories supporting the flipped classroom model, among them, Peering Instruction, Mastery Learning Theory, Autonomous Learning Theory, Constructivism, and Games-learning theory are the most influenced theories on flipped classroom.2.2.1 Peer InstructionHarvard University Professor Mazur laid the foundation of flipped classroom of the guiding ideology. They think that learning can be divided into two stages, one stage is knowledge transfer. The other stage is knowledge internalization. Peer teaching method emphasizes the mutual learning between students, which are the students themselves through mutual discussion. It is playing a key role in the teaching process to understand the teaching content, and improving the ability to solve the problem. In an area of education technology is highly developed, and transferring knowledge is not a difficult task. The teachers can completely change from speaker to tutor，which promotes students to absorb the teaching content and internalization in the classroom.2.2.2Mastery Learning TheoryMastery learning first appeared in the 1920s. But it was kept a watchful eye until the 1960s. Master learning was formally proposed by Benjamin S.Bloom in 1968. It is an educational philosophy and instructional strategy. Bloom has affirmed that the correlation between ability tendency and learning grades is close to zero. Bloom confirms that if the best teaching and enough time is provided to students, the students will obtain good learning results.Mastery Learning Theory advises that the key point of instruction ought to be the time demanded for different students to study same material and achieve same level of mastery. This is different from traditional classroom teaching. It pays more attention to differences of students' ability. In mastery learning, it changes in responsibility, so students' failure is more due to the teaching and not necessarily lack of ability. Therefore, the environment of mastery learning, the challenge becomes supplying more time and using instructional strategies so that all students can achieve the same level of learning.Mastery learning is one of the most highly investigated teaching methods over the past 50 years, while it has been the subject of high criticism, it has also been found to have resounding success when implemented correctly (Guskey 2009). Flipped classroom is also a product of technology exploration. It takes the principles of Mastery Learning Theory. In the flipped classroom, students learn the course according to their own schedule. When they accomplish unit, they need to finish the small unit test. If they cant pass the test, they need to go back to study until they pass, they can continue learning the following unit. So