高二必修五英语短语总结外研版.docx
高二必修五英语短语总结外研版高二必修五英语短语总结1Module1重点短语:Itisobvious(tosb.)that从句对某人来说,是显然的differfromsb./sth.与某人或某物有区别,相异differin.在某方面不同17.makemuchdifferenceto.关系重大;有重大影响18.makenodifferenceto.对没有关系19.besimilarto与相似20.besimilarin在方似havesome/muchdifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有些/很多困难havesome/muchdifficultywithsth.做某事有一些/很多困难withdifficulty困(艰)难地leadtosb.doingsth.使得某人做某事25.leadsb.todosth.使得某人去做某事26.announcesth.tosb.向某人宣布某事=announcetosb.sth向某人宣布某事27.add.to.把加到中28.addto增加29.addup.合计;加起来30.addupto.总计31.makeanannouncement发表声明,通知32.atpresent现在;目前33.makeanattempttodosth.试图做某事34.makeanattemptatdoingsth.试图(尝试)做某事35.atonesfirstattempt第一次尝试36.attemptat(doing)sth.尝试(做)某事37.infavourof同意,支持,拥护38.dosb.afavour帮某人一个忙39.asksb.afavour=askafavourofsb请求某人帮忙40.insb.sfavour有助于某人41.referto.as.称为42.referto参考43.make(a)reference(s)to提及,论及44.now(that)+由于;既然重点知识点:在方面不同differin=bedifferentin区分和Tellthedifferencebetweenand.不同于differfrom=bedifferentfrom和某人在方面differwithsb.onsth.有影响,使不同makeadifference对有影响haveaneffecton=haveaninfluenceon=affect=influenceItmakesabigdifferencetoyourlifewhetheryoutakeanoptimisticattitudeornot.你是否采取乐观的态度对你的人生有很大的影响。leadleadto+doing/n通往,通向;导致,招致leadsbtosp.带领某人到某地leadsbtodosth.使某人做某事,领某人干某事命题方向:1).leadto+doing/beingdone2).leadingto作定语或状语。3).含介词的短语动词用在定语从句中,考察句中的谓语动词。短语leadto中,to为介词,总结一下“动词+介词to”的常用短语payattentionto注意devoteto献身于stickto坚持beusedto习惯于belongto属于objectto反对getdownto开始认真做.contributeto为.做贡献payavisitto参观;difficultyhavesome/much/nodifficulty(in)doing做某事有一些/没有困难Thereissome/nodifficulty(in)doingsth.Thereissome/nodifficultywithsth.(注意:difficulty为不可数名词)havesome/much/nodifficulty(in)doing做某事有一些/没有困难Thereissome/nodifficulty(in)doingsth.Thereissome/nodifficultywithsth.(注意:difficulty为不可数名词)attemptattempttodo/attemptatdoing.试图做;尝试做makean/noattempttodo(没有)试图/打算做atonesfirstattempt(todo)第一次尝试做addaddto把加到上addto增加addup把加起来addupto总计高二必修五英语短语总结2Module2重点短语:1.toonessatisfaction使某人感到满意的是2.offeroneshand伸出手3.offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.为某人提供某物4.show/haverespectforsb.=respectsb.尊敬某人5.give/sendmyrespectstosb.请代我向某人问好/致意6.inallrespects无论从哪方面来看7.passby经过;从旁经过8.passaway去世;(时间等)消磨掉,过去9.passdown把一代传一代;流传10.passon传递take.forgranted认为理所当然takeit/thingseasy轻松,放松13.takeonestime慢慢来,不着急14.inparticular尤其,特别地15.beparticularabout/over.对讲究/挑剔16.haveaneffecton.对有影响17.takeup站好位置以备18.when用作并列连词时,常用下列句型:(1)Sb.wasabouttodosth.when.=Sb.wasonthepointofdoingsth.when.某人正要干某事时,这时.Sb.wasdoingsth.when.某人正在干某事时,这时Sb.had(just)donesth.when.某人刚干完某事时,这时19.apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申请某物20.applysth.tosth.把应用于21.applyto.适用于22.applyoneselyto.致力于23.sth.requiredoing/tobedone某物需要被做24.requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事25.requirethat.(should)dosth.要求做某事26.ingreatdemand需求很大27.meet/satisfyonesdemang(s)满足某人的需要28.demangtodosth.要求做某事29.demandthat.(should)dosth.要求某人做某事30.inresponseto作为的回应make/givearesponseto对做出反应make/givenoresponseto对不予回答/理解重点知识:offern/v表示愿意做,主动给予提出,提供(买方)出价charge(卖方)收费,要价offer/provide/supply提供给某人某物offersbsth/offersthtosbprovidesbwithsth/providesthforsbsupplysbwithsth/supplysthtosb主动提出做某事:offertodoapplyvapplysthto应用Newtechnologyisappliedtoalmosteveryindustrialprocess.(工业流程)applyoneselfto致力于;专心于Ifonlyheappliedhimselftostudy,hewoulddobetterinit.applyfor申请Beforeapplyingforthepost,youhavetofillintheapplicationform.【拓展】applicantn.申请人表示“致力于;专心于”的短语:belost/buried/involved/absorbed/occupiedinconcentrate/focus/fix.onbedevoted/addicted/abandonedto(沉迷于)demandn.(非常/很)受欢迎的in(good)demand需要,需求(尤指顾客)demandforsth./sb.对某人做某事的要求demandforsb.todosth.demand可加n./Pro./Todo/that从句作宾语。注意:不能说:demandsbtodosth高二必修五英语短语总结3Module3重点短语:onaccountof因为onnoaccount决不,在任何条件下都不3.takesth.intoaccount=takeaccountofsth.把某事考虑在内accountfor做出解释,提出理由lie-lay-lain-lying平躺;位于Laylaidlaidlaying放置;产卵Theboylyingonthegroundliedthathiscocklaidanegg.躺在地上的小男孩说他的公鸡下了一只蛋。getinto(a)panic陷入恐慌状态8.beat/inapanic在恐慌中9.becuriousabout对好奇,感兴趣10.outofcuriosity出于好奇11.satisfyonescuriosity满足某人的好奇心12.haveconnectionwith与有联系/有关联13.haveadirect/close/strongconnectionwith与有直接/密切/牢固的联系14.havesth./nothingtodowith与有关/与无关15.berelatedto与有关16.toonesastonishment令某人吃惊的是17.toonessurprise令某人吃惊的是18.toonesexcitement令某人激动的是19.toonesdisappointment令人失望的是20.toonessorrow令人难过的是toonesjoy令人高兴的是toonessatisfaction令人满意的是23.warnsb.about/ofsth.警告某人某事24.warnsb.Nottodosth.=warnagainstdoingsth警告某人不要做某事25.bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事forcesb.todosth.=forcesb.intodoingsth强迫某人做某事forcesth.on/uponsb.把强加于某人28.playatrickonsb.拿某人开玩笑,捉弄某人29.makefunofsb.嘲笑某人;取笑某人30.makeup编造;组成;和解;化妆;弥补31.be/feelinthemoodfor(doing)sth=be/feelinthemoodtodosth.有心情做某事32.inabad/goodmood情绪不好/很好33.besetin以为背景34.setoff出发;引爆,使爆炸setouttodosth.开始做某事setaboutdoingsth.开始/着手做某事37.setsth.aside把某物放在一边;省出;38.setup建立;设立;创立39.resemblein在方面像重点知识:accountv./n.onaccountof由于Takeintoaccount烤鱼Onnoaccount绝不accountedfor解释bankaccount银行账户asifasif引导的从句作表语。asif=asthough好像,似乎,主要用于引导状语从句和表语从句。当前面有系动词look,seem,taste,smell,keep,sound等时,如果表示的可能性较大,与事实较一致时,谓语动词用陈述语气。asif从句用虚拟语气的情况:从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时。Youlookasifyoudidnotcare.(实际上关心)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”HetalkedaboutParisasifhehadbeentherebefore.(实际上以前没去过)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。Itlooksasifitmightsnow.(实际上不会下雪)分词作定语1)通常,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动,例如:Heisthemangivingyouthemoney.(=whogaveyou)Heisthemanstoppedbythecar.(=whowasstoppedby)2)不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生分词作状语连词+分词(短语)有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚,可在分词前加连词。如:when,while,ifthough,after,before,as.但分词的主语和主句的主语必须为同一个分词作补语通常在感官动词和使役动词和like,want,wish,order等表示“希望”“要求”等意义的动词之后分词作表语分词作插入语:其结构是固定的,意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。generallyspeaking一般说来strictlyspeaking严格的说judgingfrom从判断allthingsconsidered从整体来看takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看来分词的时态1).与主语动词同时(not)doing2)先于主动词(not)havingdone独立主格结构:在用分词短语作状语时,其逻辑主语一般必须与句子主语一致。如不一致,分词须带上自己的逻辑主语。