第2章 金属材料的基础知识.pdf

22.22.12.42.3:12.1.12.112.22.1 2.212.1.122.33abc()(1=10-8cm)2.42.3 2.422.1.11a=b=c2.5(1/8)8+1=2(Cr)(W)(Mo)(V)-Fe)2.5 22.1.12a=b=c2.61/88+61/2=4(Al)(Cu)(Ni)(Au)(Ag)-Fe)2.6 22.1.131212132.71/612+1/22+3=6acc/a=1.63312090(Mg)(Zn)(Be)2.7 12.1.2123422.1.2112.8(a)(b)2.822.1.2222.1.2(2)Mg2SiMg2SnMg2Pb22.1.2(2)FeCrMoWVHCNBVCWCTiCVC2.9Fe3CCr23C6Cr7C3Fe4W2C2.11.2.1.32.102.2.1.32.102.2.1.312.11(abc2.11 2.2.1.32ab2.12ReLReL2.132.2.1.35102.14a2.14bca(b)(c)2.141.2.2.112.151.2.2.12TT=T0-Tn2.2.2.12.162.16 3.2.2.11231.2.2.21Cu-NiCu-Ni-2.17 1.2.2.221Cu-NiAu-AgCr-MoCd-Mg2.18 Cu-Ni1.2.2.222Pb-Sn2.192.2.2.212.232.2.2.222.24(a)(b)2.24 2.2.2.222.3.11.2-FeF3-FeA4Fe3C6.69%12272.3.15P0.77%6727Ld7272.3.2-Fe Fe3C6.69%Fe Fe3CFeFe Fe3C2.252.25Fe-Fe3C2.3.2-11.-/(%)A15380C11484.30LcE+Fe3CD12276.69Fe3CE11482.11-FeF11486.69Fe3CG9120-FeP7270.0218-FeS7270.77P+Fe3C2.2 2.3.2-1wc20.0218%wcwc=0.77%wc=0.0218%0.77%wc=077%2.11%32.11%wc6.69%wc=4.3%wc=2.11%4.3%wc=4.3%6.69%22.3.2-12.25wc=0.77%a(L)a(A)bbSS(727)(P)S(P)2.2632.3.2-132.3.2-22.25wc=0.45%eeGPGSf(727)0.77%(F+P)2.2832.282.3.2-22.293(a)wc=0.1%(b)wc=0.25%(c)wc=0.6%2.29 2.3.2-32.25wc=1.2%iiESj(727)0.77%(P+Fe3C)32.3.2-32.3032.3.2-42.25wc=4.3%CC(1148)ESk0.77%()2.3132.3.2-42.3232.3.2-52.25wc=3.0%llAEACm(1148)4.3%n(727)(P+Fe3C2.3332.33 2.3.2-52.3432.3.2-62.25wc=5.0%ooDCp4.3%3C)2.3532.3.2-62.3632.3.3-Fe-Fe3C2.4.12.3712.4.12.3812.4.12.3922.4.212.40 12.4.2112.4.22312.412.4.22.4212.4.222.4.32.431.2.4.32.3.2.4.4