英语语言学导论.ppt

Chapter3 3.4.8borrowingEnglish in its development has managed to widenits vocabulary by BORROWING words from other languages.Greek:music grammarLatin:acute cellFrench:hospital faintSpanish:mosquito quinineSeveral types of processes with regard to borrowingLoanwords.The borrowing of LOANWORDS is a process in which both form and meaning are borrowed with only a slight change,in some cases,to the phonological system of the new language that they enter.Loanblend LOANBLENDING is a process in which part of the form is native and the rest has been borrowed,but the meaning is fully borrowed.Loanshift LOANSHIFT is a process in which the meaning is borrowed,but the form is native.Loan translation This is a special type of borrowing,in which each morpheme or word is translated in the equivalent morpheme or word in another language.Loanwords:both form and meaning was borrowed with only a slight change.Loanblend:native form+borrowed,meaning is fully borrowed.Loanshift:native form,but the meaning is borrowed.Loan translation: