材料力学 第05章作业(刘)06.ppt
某圆轴的外伸部分系空心圆截面。试作该轴的弯矩图,并求轴内最大正应力。刘题刘题5.3(P166)3kN3kN800200400A455kN300BDCE60 xM+1.340.030.9解:画弯矩图C截面:B截面:矩形截面悬臂梁,l=4m,b:h=2:3,q=10kN/m,=10MPa。试确定此梁横截面的尺寸。刘题刘题5.4(P166)BqlAbh解:固定端为危险截面20a工字钢梁的受力如图所示。若=160MPa,试求许可载荷F。刘题刘题5.5(P166)ABCDF2m2m2mF20a(kNm)M+横梁受力如图所示。F=97kN,若=32MPa,试校核梁的强度。北科大题北科大题5-10(P166)F480200480F200-18号槽钢32016-解:解:A截面:B截面:AB北科大题北科大题5-11 图示铸铁梁,t=30MPa,c =100MPa,试校核截面A-A的强度。F=16kN。F500AA1203030120yCzyC解:解:截面A-A满足强度要求。刘题刘题5.12 图示铸铁梁,t=40MPa,c =160MPa,IZC=10180 cm4,h1=9.64cm,试计算该梁的许可载荷F。F1400600ABC2F1505025050h1h2ZC0.6FM+0.8FC截面:A截面:解:解:F44.2kN图示铸铁梁,t=40MPa,c =160MPa,试按正应力强度条件校核梁的强度。若载荷不变,但将T形横截面倒置,是否合理?何故?刘题刘题5.16(P169)ABCD2m3m1mF=20kNq=10kN/m2003030200yCzCyCz(kNm)M1020+B截面:解:解:C截面:(可以不计算)试计算图示矩形截面简支梁的1-1截面上a点和b点的正应力和切应力。刘题刘题5.17(P169)111m1.2m1mF=8kN754010150ab解:(1)a点111m1.2m1mF=8kN754010150ab(2)b点刘题刘题5.21(P171)已知:P=50kN,F=10kN,l=10m,=160MPa,=100 MPa,试按正应力强度条件选择工字钢型号,再按切应力强度条件进行校核。PABlF1m1m4mPP1F4mP2解:设小车在距左端 x 距离MCMD+MCMD+P1ABl2mP2xRARBCD(1)弯曲正应力强度MCMD+MCMD+P1ABl2mP2xRARBCD查表,选择No.28a工字钢两根,Wz=508cm3(2)弯曲剪应力强度+RARB小车在距左端 x 距离时当 x=8时,梁剪应力强度足够!P1ABl2mP2xRARBCDzy100150刘题刘题5.22(P171)孙题孙题4-47(P154)FMxFlFSxF+由三根木条胶合而成的悬臂梁如图所示。l=1m,若胶合面上的许用切应力为0.34MPa,木材的许用弯曲正应力为=10 MPa,许用切应力为=1MPa,试确定载荷F的许可值。100150FzyF1、胶合面切应力强度zy100150F2、木材的切应力强度3、木材的正应力强度刘题刘题5.26(P172)用螺钉将四块木板连接而成的箱形梁如图所示,若每一螺钉的许可剪力为1.1kN,试确定螺钉的间距s。F=5.5kN。s11m3mF25251501502525解:最大剪力顶(底)板对中性轴的静矩顶(底)板与腹板联结处的切应力横截面的惯性矩:s11m3mF25251501502525由螺钉的剪切强度其中:在18工字梁上作用着活动载荷F。为提高梁的承载能力,试确定a和b的合理数值及相应的许可载荷。=160MPa。刘题刘题5.32(P174)Fa12mb18解:由对称性知 a=b 已知:矩形截面木梁,=10MPa。(1)确定截面尺寸b;(2)在A处钻d=60mm的圆孔,试问是否安全。单题单题5-12(P158)解:3kN2kN1.4m1m0.6mAb2b(1)(2)b2bd单题单题5-13图示槽形截面梁,t=35MPa,c =120MPa,校核梁的弯曲正应力强度。F=10kN3m3mABCMe=70kNmzyC150502002525zyCy1F=10kN3m3mABCMe=70kNm40kNm30kNmM10kNm+(2)B截面右侧,正弯矩解:(1)拉应力强度拉应力强度不够zyCy1F=10kN3m3mABCMe=70kNm40kNm30kNmM10kNm+(2)B截面右侧,正弯矩解:(1)压应力强度压应力强度足够zyCy1F=10kN3m3mABCMe=70kNm40kNm30kNmM10kNm+(2)B截面左侧,负弯矩解:(1)压应力强度压应力强度足够zyCy1F=10kN3m3mABCMe=70kNm40kNm30kNmM10kNm+(2)B截面左侧,负弯矩解:(1)拉应力强度拉应力强度足够T 字形截面铸铁梁,梁长为3l/2,受活动载荷,已知 t=35MPa,c=140 MPa,l=1m,试确定载荷F的许可值。单题单题5-14y1y2Cl/2ABCFl100202080l/2ABCFl/2l/2l/2ABCFl/2l/2l/2ABCFl/2l/2+2Fll/2ABCFl/2l/2Dl/2ABCFl/2l/22FlB截面,最大负弯矩:y1y2C解:+D截面,最大正弯矩:y1y2Cl/2ABCFl/2l/2D例例P1=32kN1m1m0.5mABCDP1=16kN铸铁梁,t=50MPa,c =200MPa,校核梁的弯曲正应力强度。zyCy1160402001010例例P1=32kN1m1m0.5mABCDP1=16kNzyCy1 t=50MPa,c =200MPa,校核梁的弯曲正应力强度。+12kNm8kNmM解:P1=32kN1m1m0.5mABCDP1=16kNC截面:zyCy1+12kNm8kNmMP1=32kN1m1m0.5mABCDP1=16kN+12kNm8kNmMB截面:zyCy1(可以不计算)B截面:C截面:解:解:另解另解:经分析,C截面和B截面均由拉应力控制强度:P1=32kN1m1m0.5mABCDP1=16kNzyCy1+12kNm8kNmMt=50MPa,c =200MPa,B截面:C截面:P1=32kN1m1m0.5mABCDP1=16kNzyCy1+12kNm8kNmM孙题孙题4-42P1=32kN1m1m0.5mABCDP1=16kN铸铁梁,b=150MPa,bc=630MPa,试求梁的安全因数。试求梁的安全因数。+12kNm8kNmMzyCy1160402001010B截面:C截面:解:梁的安全因数为3.71。z0zyc孙题孙题4-50(P155)孙孙题题4-39(P152)刘刘题题5.33(P174)Rbhdz一矩形截面梁由圆柱形木料锯成,试确定抗弯截面系数为最大时矩形截面的高宽比。已知:q=407kN/m,=210MPa,=130MPa。试校核梁的正应力强度和切应力强度。z0zycqAB3700200200Q+753kN753kNy1=345.2孙题孙题4-50M847+445922014674161801422016z0zycy1=345.2下半部分静矩(上、下两部分相同):下半部分静矩(上、下两部分相同):梁安全梁安全图示箱形截面简支梁用四块木板胶合而成,材料为红松,木材的许用弯曲正应力为=10 MPa,许用切应力为=1.1MPa,胶合缝的许用切应力为 胶=0.35MPa,若横截面对中性轴的惯性矩IZ=478.8106mm4,试校核梁的强度。孙题孙题4-49(P154)10kNAB1m1m1m1m10kN10kNzyC=162=17830020300502050200zyC=162=17830020300502050200MQ+15kN15kN201515+10kNAB1m1m1m1m10kN10kN解:(1)画内力图(2)木材的弯曲正应力强度15kN10kNAB1m1m1m1m10kN10kNQ+15kNzyc=162=178(3)木材的弯曲切应力强度zyc=162=178a15kN10kNAB1m1m1m1m10kN10kNQ+15kN(4)胶合缝的切应力强度10kNAB1m1m1m1m10kN10kNQ+15kN15kNzyc=162=178b某圆轴,外伸部分系空心圆截面。试作该轴的弯矩图,并求轴内最大正应力。北科大题北科大题5-4(P182)3kN400400A454kN400BDC60 xM+0.21.2解:画弯矩图外伸梁为16a号槽钢。试求梁的最大拉应力和最大压应力,并指出其作用的截面和位置。北科大题北科大题5-2(P182)ABCD0.8m0.8m0.8mF2=6kN16azF1=3kN(kNm)M1.22.4+A截面:y2y1ABCD0.8m0.8m0.8mF2=6kN16azF1=3kN(kNm)M1.22.4+C截面:最大拉应力发生在C截面下缘最大压应力发生在 A截面下缘。y2y1