2023年初中英语一般现在时讲解及练习.docx

2023年初中英语一般现在时讲解及练习 一般现在时有两层意思： 其一：就是表示经常性和习惯性的动作或状态; 其二：表示客观事实、自然现象。 一般现在时是英语动词的主要用法之一，因此，我们有必要掌握好它。结合2019年的中考题分析，供大家为2020年中考作准备。来和小简老师全方位学习一下吧! 老师已为大家备好电子打印版，文末附电子打印版免费领取方式，想要获取电子打印版请拉到文末。 一、一般现在时有三种形式 1. 谓语是be(am/is/are)的一般现在时。 肯定形式：主语+be+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)。 I am hungry. You are beautiful. He is a doctor. 否定形式：主语+be+not+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)。 I am not hungry. You arent beautiful. He isnt a doctor. 一般疑问句形式：Be+主语+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+ be+not. -Are you hungry? -Yes，I am./No,Im not. -Is he a doctor? -Yes, he is./No, he isn,t. 特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+Be开头的一般疑问句? -What is he? -He is a doctor. 注意：be要随着主语变。 2. 谓语动词是实义动词(及物动词或不及物动词)的一般现在时。 肯定形式：“主语+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+不及物动词”。 She has a little brother. 她有一个弟弟。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 否定形式：“主语+dont/doesnt+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+dont/doesnt+不及物动词”。 She doesnt have a little brother. 她没有弟弟。 I dont eat every morning. 我每天早晨都不吃饭。 一般疑问句形式：“Do/Does+主语+及物动词原形+宾语”或“Do/Does+主语+不及物动词原形”。 肯定回答：Yes,主语+do/does. 否定回答是：No, 主语+ dont/doesnt. -Do you eat every morning? -Yes, I do./No, I dont. -Does she have a little brother? -Yes, she does./No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does开头的一般疑问句? What do you like? When do you go to school? 注意：根据主语确定用do还是does。 3. 谓语是情态动词can/may.+动词原形的一般现在时。 肯定形式：主语+情态动词can/may.+动词原形+宾语。 I can finish my homework. 否定形式：主语+情态动词can/may.+not+动词原形+宾语。 I cant finish my homework. 一般疑问句形式：情态动词Can/May.+主语+动词原形+主语+宾语。 肯定回答是：Yes,主语+情态动词. 否定回答是：No, 主语+ 情态动词+not. -Can you finish your homework? -Yes，I can./No, I cant. 特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+情态动词can/may.开头的一般疑问句? -What can you do? -I can do my homework. 注意：情态动词can/may.+动词原形。 二、一般现在时的用法 1. 一般现在时表示现在的状态 ;表示经常性或习惯性的动作;表示主语具备的性格和能力;表示客观事实或普遍真理等。例如： He is twelve. 他十二岁了。 I go to school at seven every day. 我每天七点去上学。 They can speak Japanese. 他们会说日语。 2. 一般现在时常和表示时间的频度副词连用。如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never等。例如： I often read books in the evening. 我经常在晚上读书。 Do they usually go to school by bike? 他们通常骑自行车去上学吗? He doesn’t like milk. He never drinks it. 他不喜欢牛奶。他从来不喝它。 Sometimes my mother gets back at five. 有时候妈妈五点钟回来。 3. 一般现在时也常和以下时间表达法连用。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sunday(s), at seven 等。例如： Do they have math in the morning? 他们早上有数学课吗? She sleeps nine hours every night. 她每晚睡九个小时。 It takes me two hours to do my homework every day. 每天写作业花费我两个小时的时间。 They don’t have classes on Sundays. 他们周日不上课。 4. 一般现在时表示将来含义 a. 下列瞬时动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 -When does the bus star? 汽车什么时候开? -It stars in ten minutes. 十分钟后。 b. 在主从复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作，即所谓的“主将从现”。 例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。 Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。 三、动词第三人称单数的构成 1. 动词原形后面直接加-s look-looks read-reads play-plays stop-stops 2. 在以字母s, x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词后加-es miss-misses fix-fixes watch-watches wash-washes go-goes do-does 3. 辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-es carry–carries study–studies hurry–hurries cry–cries 4. 特殊变化 have-has be-is 4、练习及答案 【典型考例1】 (2019北京) Sam _with his friends every weekend. A. skates B. is skating C. has skated D. was skating 【析】正确答案：A 。句意是：每个周末，山姆都和朋友们一起滑冰。根据句末的频度副词短语every weekend(每周末)可知，句子表示的动作具有经常性，所以动词应使用一般现在时。 【典型考例2】 (2019青海)-What did you learn in geography yesterday? -I learned that the sun _ in the east. A. was rising B.rises C.rose 【析】正确答案：B。句意是：昨天的地理课上你学了什么? 我学了太阳从东边升起来。太阳从东边升起来，表示的客观事实，一种自然现象，所以，句中的动词应使用一般现在时，因此，正确答案为B。 【典型考例3】 (2019山东临沂)-Im getting hungry. Do you know where we can get some good food? - Of course! There _ a restaurant around the comer. A. will be B. was C. is 【析】正确答案：C。句意是：我很饿。你知道哪儿可以弄到吃的吗? 当然!拐角附近有一家饭馆。“拐角附近有一家饭馆”表示的是客观事实，所以句中动词应使用一般现在时。动词be的一般现在时为is。因此，正确答案为C。 【典型考例4】 (2019广西贵港)-If the traffic _busy， Linda won t catch the train in one hour. -I know I will call her to leave for the train station at once. A.is B.will be C.was D.has been 【析】正确答案A。句意是：如果交通拥堵的话，琳达一个小时后就不会赶上这趟列车。我知道，我会打电话给她，让她立刻就去火车站。因为这是if引导的条件状语从句，主语为一般将来时won’t catch the train in one hour，所以，从句用一般现在时表示将来，所以动词be应改为第三人称单数形式is，因此，正确答案为A。 【强化练习】 (一)根据汉语或首字母，写出正确的单词，使句子意思完整。 1.(2019四川广安)That music_ (听起来)very beautiful.I like it a lot. 2.(2019四川凉山州)The Russian soup s_ very nice. I can’t wait to drink it. 3.(2019江苏盐城)There are many rocks in unusual shapes -Some hang down , and others _ (指向)upwards. 4.(2019湖北荆门) This kind of special noodles t so delicious that I can’t help asking for more. 5.(2019广西北部湾经济开发区)Every time I want to give up, my parents always_(鼓励)me to keep trying. 6.(2019黑龙江绥化)I _ (发送)an e-mail to my pen pal in England once a week. 7.(2019贵州铜仁) It t_ us 90 minutes from Tongren to Guiyang by high speed train. 8.(2019贵州铜仁)The early bird c_ the worm. 9.(2019广西百色)I p_ milk to cola because milk is much healthier, I think. 10.(2019新疆建设兵团) Li Rui _(弹奏)the guitar after school every day. (二)用所给单词的正确形式填空，使句子意思完整。 1.(2019山东青岛) Jack is a good learner because he always _(connect) what he needs to learn with something interesting. 2.(2019浙江宁波)We can see clearly that Mongolia_ (位于) between China and Russia on the map. 3.(2019江苏南京)There (be) many things to enjoy about traveling, including the natural beauty and delicious food. 4.(甘肃庆阳) An apple_(keep )the doctor away. 5.(2019江苏扬州)The silk scarf is pretty and _ her blue coat very well . (match) 6.(2019江苏盐城)About 300 to 1000 red-crowned cranes _(fly) to Yancheng Nature Reserve every year to spend the winter. 7.(2019甘肃敦)Our geography teacher told us the moon_(circle)the earth every 28 days. 8.(2019甘肃煌) I like teachers who_(be)always friendly, helpful and fair to each student. 9.(2019甘肃兰州)Li Lei is interested in English and he _(watch) BBC News every day. 10.(2019江苏无锡) We’ve all got both light and dark inside us. What _(matter) is the part we choose act on. That’s who we really are. (三)单项选择 1.(四川自贡) If the singer_to Zigong_September 20th, please call me. A. will get; on B. gets; on C. gets; in 2.(2019四川达州)-Jeff, could you tell me if it _ tomorrow? If it _ tomorrow, I will stay at home. -It’s reported that it will be sunny, let’s go camping on the Fenghuang mountain. A. rain; rain B.rains; rains C.will rain ; rains D.will rain; will rain 3.(2019四川南充).-Daddy, when will we go out to fly a kite? -As soon as the rain_. A. is stopping B. stopped C. will stop D. stops 4.(2019江苏盐城)Each of us _ a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future. A.has B.have C.will have D.had 5.(2019湖北武汉)She’s brought you some eggs. As you know, she _chickens. A. keeps B. will keep C. has kept D. kept 6.(2019湖南郴州)- Lucy,there _too many things on the desk.What a mess! - Sorry, Mum.I’ll put them away. A. have B. is C. are 7.(2019湖北咸宁) -Let’s go climbing if it_this Saturday. - Good idea. But nobody knows if_ it. A. is fine; rains B.is fine; will rain C.will be fine; rains D. will be fine; will rain 8.(2019福建)There _ a large bowl of Jiaozi on he table. A. is B.are C. be 9.(2019湖北鄂州)-Son, you have never been abroad, I’m worried about you. -Don’t worry, mom. As soon as I_ , I_ you. A. will arrive, call B. will arrive, will call C. arrive, will call D. arrive, call 10.(2019新疆建设兵团)Not only Jack but also I _crazy about the football match. A. am B. is C.are D. be 11.(2019湖南湘西)-We will go for a picnic if it _ this Sunday. -Sounds great. A.won’t rain B.is sunny C.will be sunny 12.(2019湖南湘西)-There _ a book sale in our school. Would you like to have a book with me ? -Sure. I’d love to. A. is B.have C.are 13.(2019哈尔滨)When we _building the Subway Line 3, it will be easier to travel around the city. A.finish B.finished C.will finish 14.(2019黑龙江绥化)Uncle Wang often _ to work by subway. A.going B.go C.goes 15.(2019黑龙江绥化)Eighty percent of the students in this school _ three to five times a week. A.exercises B.exercise C.exercising 16.(2019四川广元)Not only you but also I _ interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig. A. am B. is C. are 17.(2019四川德阳).Each of us_wechat(微信)nowadays even the old people. A.play B.plays C.playing D.played 18.(2019贵阳)Volunteering _ the world warmer. Even small things can make a big difference. A.make B.makes C.was making 19.(2019贵州黔西南、黔东南、黔南)Tom won’t go to bed until his father _ back from work. A.will come B.came C.comes D.come 20.(广西河池)We wonder if our parents will come to our graduating party next weekend. If they _, we’ll be very sad. A.come B.comes C.are coming D.will come 21.(2019广西柳州) I _ to school on foot every day. A. go B. went C. has gone 22.(2019甘肃天水)Either the students or the teacher_ him very well. A. knows B. to know C. know D. knew Key: 一、1.sounds, 2.smells, 3.point, 4.tastes , 5.encourage, 6.send, 7.takes 8.catches, 9.pour 10.plays 二.1.connects, 2.lies/is, 3.are, 4.keeps, 5.matches, 6.fly , 7.circles, 8.are, 9.watches, 10.matters 三、1-5BCDAA; 6-10CBACA; 11-15BAACB; 16-22ABBCA; AA