大学英语写作常用句型开头.ppt

大学英语写作常用句型大学英语写作常用句型第一章第一章 文章开头句型文章开头句型I.对立法：(controversial topics)nnn开头首先引出其他人对于论题的不同看开头首先引出其他人对于论题的不同看开头首先引出其他人对于论题的不同看开头首先引出其他人对于论题的不同看法，然后提出自己的不同看法，或偏向法，然后提出自己的不同看法，或偏向法，然后提出自己的不同看法，或偏向法，然后提出自己的不同看法，或偏向的那个看法。的那个看法。的那个看法。的那个看法。Examples:n nWhen asked about most people believe that but other people say but I think a bit differently.When askedWhen asked what kind of career they will what kind of career they will pursue upon graduation,most college students pursue upon graduation,most college students say that they would choose a job which will say that they would choose a job which will bring them a lot of money and a comfortable bring them a lot of money and a comfortable life.Working in a big bank or company is what life.Working in a big bank or company is what they desire.they desire.But I think differently.But I think differently.I would I would preferprefer a career which will help realize my a career which will help realize my potentials.potentials.n nWhen it comes to,some people think that others argue that the opposite is true.There is probably some truth in both arguments,butExamples:n nThere is a general/much debate/discussion nowadays about the issue/problem of Those who object to it argue that They believe that But people who favor it,on the other hand,maintain thatn nTo most people/in most peoples opinion But despite I believe/one shouldExamples:Applications:n nThere is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college students doing a part-time job.Those who object to it argue that students should not spend their precious time in this way.But people who advocate it,on the other hand,claim that,by taking a major-related part-time job or summer job,students can not only improve their academic studies,but gain much experience which they will never be able to get from textbooks.n nNow,it is commonly/widely believed/thought that They argue that but I doubt/wonder whether It is commonly believed thatIt is commonly believed that the rise in teenage smoking the rise in teenage smoking is the inevitable result of economic development.is the inevitable result of economic development.They They argue thatargue that if there are no cigarette advertisement on TV,no if there are no cigarette advertisement on TV,no cigarettes available everywhere,and no adequate pocket cigarettes available everywhere,and no adequate pocket money,teenagers are unlikely to take up the habit of money,teenagers are unlikely to take up the habit of smoking.smoking.But I doubt thatBut I doubt that is is a satisfactory explanation.is is a satisfactory explanation.While concerning the effect of advertising and other While concerning the effect of advertising and other commercial factors,I think that the primary cause is social commercial factors,I think that the primary cause is social and individual rather than economic.and individual rather than economic.Examples:II.现象法n n对某种社会现象、倾向或社会问题进行对某种社会现象、倾向或社会问题进行剖析的文章往往在文章一开始首先引出剖析的文章往往在文章一开始首先引出这种现象或问题，然后评论。这种现象或问题，然后评论。n nRecently the rise in(problem of/question of)has drawn popular attention(aroused general concern).n nRecently the issue ofhas been in the limelight(brought into focus/brought to pubic attention).Examples:n nRecently the problem of development versus environment has now been in the limelight.Nowhere is the clash more visible than in China,where the worlds largest population faces pollution,deforestation and acid rain on a large scale.Applications:n nOne of the hottest topics(most popular things/most serious problems)many people talk about now is One of the best qualities thatOne of the best qualities that most people admiremost people admire in othersin others is is the willingness to admit ones the willingness to admit ones mistakes.It is extremely hard sometimes to say a mistakes.It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like“I was wrong about that”,and it simple thing like“I was wrong about that”,and it is even harder to say,“I was wrong,and you were is even harder to say,“I was wrong,and you were right about that”.right about that”.Examples:III.观点法观点法n n文章开门见山，直截了当提出作者对文文章开门见山，直截了当提出作者对文章要讨论的问题的观点，即文章的中心章要讨论的问题的观点，即文章的中心思想。思想。Examples:n nIt is about/high time we exploded(shattered,freed ourselves from)the myth(illusion,fiction)aboutn nPerhaps we should(it is time to)rethink(reexamine,have a fresh look at)the idea(value,attitude,wisdom)that It is about time somebody exploded that old myth about childhood being the happiest of your life.Childhood may certainly be fairly happy,free from financial worries and the anxiety about social ladders.But have you heard our children today groaning under the ever-increasing burden of studies?Have you seen them stay up almost every night simply to finish a days homework?Applications:nMaybe it is time to reexamine our present values of life and try to figure out why life today becomes so difficult,and what can be done about it.Applications:Examples:n nNow people in growing/increasing numbers are beginning/coming to realize(recognize,understand,accept,be aware)that In recent years an increasing number of people are getting to realize that much of the technology being developed today neither respects the earths delicate ecosystem nor is adequately controlled by social institution.IV.引用法引用法n n文章开头引用名人名言，箴言谚语，或文章开头引用名人名言，箴言谚语，或有代表性的看法见解来引出文章要展开有代表性的看法见解来引出文章要展开讨论的一种观点。讨论的一种观点。Examples:n n“Knowledge is power”.Such is the opinion of(remark made by)Bacon/one of the great men.This view/remark has been shared now by more and more people.This view has been confirmed time and again by many historical events.)n n“Great minds must be ready not only to take the opportunity,but to make them.”Colton,a great writer once remarked.But it still has a profound significance now.To a person,in whose lifetime opportunities are not many,to make opportunities is more essential to his success.Applications:n n“”“”The The same same idea idea(complaint,(complaint,attitude)attitude)is is voiced(echoed,shared)byvoiced(echoed,shared)by “Lei“Lei Feng Feng died died already,”already,”said said byby some some people people whenever whenever they they deplored deplored the the fact fact nowadays nowadays no no one one in in the the street street will will come come to to a a person person s s assistance assistance when when he he is is in in trouble trouble or or in in danger.danger.The The same same view view is is voiced voiced by by many many peoplepeople who who complain complain about about the the decline decline in in the the moral moral standards standards in in recent recent years years and and hope hope the the spirit spirit of of Lei Lei Feng,Feng,a a model model soldier soldier who who devoted devoted his his short short life life to to the the public public good good will will stay stay with us.with us.Examples:“Lei Feng died already,”said by some people whenever they deplored the fact nowadays no one in the street will come to a person s assistance when he is in trouble or in danger.The same view is voiced by many people who complain about the decline in the moral standards in recent years and hope the spirit of Lei Feng,a model soldier who devoted his short life to the public good will stay with us.Applications:Examples:n“”How often we hear(We are used to hearing/Many people have heard)complaints like this.n nIn our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complaints as this“I have got too much work to do and not enough time to rest”or“the work is too demanding and too exhausting,I wish the other would do it”.Dont be misled by the complaints,and dont be deceived into thinking that people like to store up energy.Complaining is just part of working,and it is a manifestation of the pride they take in their unique capacity to conquer the tough job.V.比较法比较法n n比较法句型主要用于通过对过去与现在比较法句型主要用于通过对过去与现在两种不同倾向、态度和观点的比较，引两种不同倾向、态度和观点的比较，引出文章要讨论的主题。出文章要讨论的主题。Examples:n nFor years/until recentlyhad been seen/regarded as But that is changing now/people are taking a fresh look at it.With the people n nFor years,offsprings,especially sons had been expected to remain at home permanently,bring their spouses home to the big,extended family when they got married.But that is changing now.With growing demand for independence and improved living standard,more and more young people seek to leave the parental family to establish their own households.Applications:n nUntil recently the general attitude towards daydreaming remained hostile.Daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time.Or it was considered an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties.But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming.They think it may contribute to intellectual growth and lead to the attainment of actual goals.Applications:Examples:n nPeople used to think(it was once thought)that In the past/old days But things are quite different(few people now share this view).n nAfter a good many years of efforts to(enthusiasm for)people begin to After years of enthusiasm for more children,childbearing is losing its appeal for many young couples in big cities.VI.问题法n n讨论一个有争议性主题的文章。文章开讨论一个有争议性主题的文章。文章开头用一个要讨论或解答的问题设问，可头用一个要讨论或解答的问题设问，可激起读者的兴趣。激起读者的兴趣。Examples:n nHow do you(What do you/do you ever)think of?In answer/reply to these questions,we mustn n“Why do?”Many people often ask the question like this.