创新理论方法与生态文明建设实践 (2).pdf
Introduction to innovative theory TRIZModule 2TRIZ OriginTRIZ Innovative theory and thinkingTRIZ inventive tools Application cases using TRIZ How to use four matches to make a“田 word?How to measure the length of a live snake?What kind of pens should you carry during the moon landing?1 TRIZ Originhttps:/Russian:English:Theory for Solving Inventive Problems中文：“萃智”“萃思”，取其“萃取智慧/思考”“Theory for Solving Inventive Problem”:In the most popularthinking,it is the process of creatively discovering problems andsolving problems creatively.The strength of TRIZ is that it providessystematic theoretical and methodological tools for people tocreatively discover and solve problems.1 TRIZ OriginTRIZhttps:/ DiscoveryDefinition of invention problemHierarchy of inventionEvolutionary modelModel of inventionPatentGeneral principle2,500,00040,000In 1946,G.S.Altshuller found product improvement,technological change,innovation,and biological systems have 5 periods:Born,Grow,Mature,Age,Die.1 TRIZ Originhttps:/ TRIZ demonstrated great effect in solving difficult technical problem Thousands of people learned TRIZ and become certified TRIZ specialistshttps:/ TRIZ OriginTRIZ procedureProblemanalysis Resources analysis S curve analysis Multi screen analysis Causal analysis Function analysisProblemDefinition Ideal Final result Technical contradiction Physical contradiction Object field analysisProblemSolving 40 principal 4 separation 76 standard solutionARIZ Technology system evolutionSolutionAssessment Final solution Patent citation analysis1 TRIZ OriginProblem Contradictory analysis and Solution Analysis of problem(functional analysis)Setting of final ideal solutionResource analysisAnalysing contradictionTechnical contradictionPhysical contradictionNoNoObject-field model and analysis4 separation principlesENDSelect and combine IP based on resources and conflict39 parametersContradictory matrix40 invention principlesYes11 principles for solving physical contradictions or 40 principles of inventionYes76 standard solutionsModel standard solutionNo陶友青.创新思维技法TRIZ专利实务M.华中科技大学出版社,2018.1 TRIZ Origin2 TRIZ Innovative theory and thinkingTRIZ theoretical frameworkLaw of technological system evolutionTechnical system/technical processContradictoryIdealizationResourcesDialectics+system theory+epistemologyObject-field analysisValueanalysisResourceanalysisContradiction analysisInnovative thinkingStandard solution to the problem of inventionInvention problem solving algorithm(ARIZ)Patent analysisScientific theory databasePrinciple of technological contradictionSeparation methodof physical contradictionSystem scienceThinking scienceNatural scienceBasic theoryProblem analysis toolsProblem solving toolsBasic conceptProblem solving processTheoretical source陶友青.创新思维技法TRIZ专利实务M.华中科技大学出版社,2018.Resource analysisResources are the general term for everything,energy and information that can be developed and utilized by humans.Any system that has not yet reached the ideal solution should have access to resources.Material resources raw materials,products,components,fertilizers,water,air,sand,etc.Energy resourcesmechanical energy(rotation,pressure,etc.),thermal energy(heating,cooling,etc.),chemical energy(chemical reaction to generate heat,new substances,etc.),electrical energy and magnetic energy,etc.Time resourcesexercise time,pre-processing,concurrent engineering,removal,regeneration,measurement,pause between operations,retrofitting,measurement,etc.Space resources internal,external,upper,lower,positive,negative,between components,unused space,etc.Functional resourcesIn addition to being a writing instrument,pencils can also stand up as a level gauge and as a rouletteInformation resourcesAny knowledge,information,skills accumulated in the system,commonly used and detected and measured2 TRIZ Innovative theory and thinking“S”curve evolution of technical system InfancyLow efficiency;poor reliability;lack of human and material input,slow system developmentGrowthAppearance of value and potential;a large amount of human,material and financial input;improved efficiency and performance;attracting more investmentMaturityThe system development proposal is perfect;the performance level is the best;the profit is the biggest and the downward trendRecessionTechnology reaches its limits,and it is difficult to make new breakthroughs that will be replaced by new technology systems.The new S curve begins to appear陶友青.创新思维技法TRIZ专利实务M.华中科技大学出版社,2018.2 TRIZ Innovative theory and thinkingTRIZ Nine screenThe nine-screen method can be divided from the system level.There are three levels of“super system,current system and subsystem”;from time to time,there are three ten levels of“past,present and future”at the system level.This method not only studies the status quo of the problem,but also considers the past,future and subsystems,super-system and other aspects related to it.Super systemCurrent systemSubsystemThe future of super systemThe future of systemThe future of subsystemThe past of super systemThe past of systemThe past of subsystem2 TRIZ Innovative theory and thinkingNine screen methodTransportation systemCar Tubeless low pressure tireIntelligent transportation systemElectric carNon-pumping tireAsphalt roadInternal combustion engine four-wheelerInner/External tube tirePredicting the future eventsLooking for more energy陶友青.创新思维技法TRIZ专利实务M.华中科技大学出版社,2018.2 TRIZ Innovative theory and thinkingIdeal Final result:IFRThe ultimate ideal solution means that the system can eliminate harmful,insufficient,and excessive effects while maintaining the useful function of the system.陶友青.创新思维技法TRIZ专利实务M.华中科技大学出版社,2018.=+Useful features:System function,performance,benefits,etc.Harmful features:Material contradictions,systems contradictions,etc.Cost:Material cost,processing cost,marketing cost,etc.2 TRIZ Innovative theory and thinking(1)Technical contradiction problem solving methodProblem model(standard question)Solution(comprehensive solution)Final solutionIssues that need resolvingTRIZApplicationAbstractTrialAnalysis of technical contradictionin high-rise buildingsContradiction 1:the height of the building increases;the anti-earthquake performance decreasesContradiction 2:The area is increased;the lighting effect of the surrounding buildings is poorContradiction 3:The concentrated building has a large area;local traffic jams 陶友青.创新思维技法TRIZ专利实务M.华中科技大学出版社,2018.3 TRIZ invention tools 39 general technical parametersGeometric parametersPhysical parametersSystem parametersPower parametersparameters related to measurementTechnical parametersLoss parametersWeight,speed,force,stress/pressure,temperatureHarmful factors acting on objects,harmful factors produced by objectsLength,area,volume,shapeComplexity of detection,measurement accuracyEnergy consumption of an object,power Action time,stability,reliability,strength,applicability and versatility,manufacturability,operability,maintainability,manufacturing accuracy,system complexityEnergy loss,material loss,information loss,time loss3 TRIZ invention tools Increase the strength of the aircraft hullIncrease shell thicknessAircraft weightSolutionResult Improved parameters:strength 14 Deteriorating parameter:weight12 Technical contradiction:Improves strength and worsens the weight ofmoving objects39 general technical parameters3 TRIZ invention tools Deteriorated parametersImproved parameters3939Contradiction matrix:Altshuller organically links 39 general engineering parameters with 40 invention principles,creating a contradiction matrix as a tool to solve technical contradictions.3 TRIZ invention tools segmentationnested weight compensationstrong oxidant 40 principles of invention of TRIZ theory3 TRIZ invention tools You can wait for 100 years to get an epiphany,or you can use these principles to solve the problem in 15 minutes.GenrichAltshuller40 principles of invention of TRIZ 3 TRIZ invention tools 1)Segmentation principleSegment an object into separate partsFocusing lens in the cameraBullet-proof glass-windshield made of microcrystalline glass that causes only partial damage when hit by a bulletObjects are modular to facilitate disassembly and packagingModular furniture and floor matsIncreases the degree of object segmentationUse soft louver curtains instead of the whole big curtainCloud-computing will gather huge computing jobs,break down hundreds of smaller jobs,and give them to remote and multiple servers for simultaneous computinghttps:/ TRIZ invention tools 2)Extracting principleRemove interference from an objectNon-smoking areas in restaurants or trainsEliminate the noise of outdoor air conditionerExtract the necessary parts of an objectFour-button mobile phone for elderlyTraditional albums or CD(you have to buy the whole songs)versus mp3 downloads(separate out the music you want).https:/ TRIZ invention tools 3)Local conditionsChange the properties of something(gas,liquid,or solid)in a given area to obtain the desired functionTransform an object or environment of the same composition or homogeneous structure into a different composition or heterogeneous structureMake the parts of the object have different functionsMake the parts of the object in the best condition for operationPencil with eraserA cold kettle with ice cubes.Section of fastfood lunch boxeshttps:/ TRIZ invention tools 4)Asymmetry principleChange the properties of something in a given area to obtain the desired functionA:Change the shape or features of an object from symmetry to asymmetry Change the round gasket to an oval or even special shape to improve the seal.B:Change the shape of the object to suit the asymmetric external environment Human seat The design is suitable for right-handed usershttps:/ TRIZ invention tools 5)Merging principleIntegrate the functions,features,and components of the system to create new,desirable,or unique features.New functions can be created by combining existing functions.Homogeneous objects or objects that produce continuous operations are combined in spaceParallel processing of multiple microprocessors in a calculator.Multi-layer shredder scissorsHomogeneous or continuous work is combined in timeMedical diagnostic instruments with multiple blood Pointers were analyzed simultaneously.13 in one Swiss knifehttps:/ TRIZ invention tools 6)Diversity principleThe diversity principle includes An object is used in the same way but for different purposes.Use the same object,action,or feature for different purposes or in different ways.The team leader acted as recorder and timekeeper A handle for toothbrushes with toothpaste inside Multifunctional sofa bed:sofa-deformation-upper and lower bedhttps:/ TRIZ invention tools 7)Nesting principleA nested structure is a property that enables the system to be tightly coupled,or the components to be tightly coupledPut objects inside other objects Russian doll Retractable aviation landing gearMove one object through another with holes Retractable automobile antenna Tape measurePlacing one object on top of another,or placing an object inside another Insert insulation material into the hollow wall The paintbrush is equipped with an oil color controller3 TRIZ invention tools 8)Preliminary Anti-actionKnow in advance what can go wrong and take action to eliminate,reduce or prevent it.A:Counterforce is applied in advance to offset undesired excessive stress in working condition Lead plates are used to protect the patient from X-ray radiation during radiotherapy Buffer is added to the solution to prevent damage from high pHB:To apply a force in advance against an unexpected force Decompression chamber can prevent the driver from developing decompression sickness in the deep seahttps:/ TRIZ invention tools 9)Preliminary actionTake action in advance of the event The preliminary action principle is often applied to improve efficiency and security,assist in normal operation,reduce pain,make things easier,obtain information,create advantages and simplify processes.Evaluate the system or situation,looking for actions that add value-actions that can be taken prior to the process.Easily removable plaster moldFeed ahead to attract fishhttps:/ open in plastic bag3 TRIZ invention tools 10)Anti Weight principleTo compensate for the weight of an object,connect another object with a lifting force Add foam to a bundle of woods to make it easier to floatTo compensate for the weight of the object,it may interact with the aerodynamic or hydraulic forces provided by the environment.Shape of the wing generates liftCounterweight of cranehttps:/ TRIZ invention tools Technical contradictionImproveDeteriorateSpeedStableSafe3 TRIZ invention tools Physical contradiction Contradictions at a more basic level Different requirements for the same parameter of the systemStrongThickLightThinThickness3 TRIZ invention tools Comparison between technical and physical contradictionSame parameter,two different requirementsContradiction between two parametersPhysicalTechnical3 TRIZ invention tools (2)Physical contradictionIn the contradiction matrix,the contradiction between the parameters of the same sequence of rows and columns is not a technical contradiction,but a contradiction to the same parameter caused by different needs,called a physical contradiction.Performance of physical contradictions1.Decrease in harmful performance in the system results in decrease in performance in the system.2.Enhanced performance in the system leads to an increase in harmful performance in the system.The bicycle should be large enough to be used when riding.When parking or carrying a bicycle to take in public transportation,the size needs to be small so as not to take up space.迈克尔A.奥尔洛夫.用TRIZ进行创造性思考实用指南M.科学出版社,2010.3 TRIZ invention tools Principle of separationSpatial separationPedestrian bridge;sonar detector 3 TRIZ invention tools Different requirements for the same parameter are implemented in different spacePrinciple of separationTime separationTraffic signal;Umbrella3 TRIZ invention tools Different requirements for the same parameter are implemented in different time periodsPrinciple of separationConditional separationShower/Diving/Bubble3 TRIZ invention tools Two different requirements for the same parameter are satisfied under different conditionsPrinciple of separationOverall and partial separationT-junction corner;flip phone3 TRIZ invention tools Different requirements for the same parameter will be implemented at different system levelsTechnical contradiction of Coca-Cola bottlehttps:/www.coca- cases using TRIZCase 11899 1906 1915 1950 1960 1977 19931957200820092015https:/www.coca- cases using TRIZTechnical contradictionOne hand can pour out the drink and keep the bottle steadyImproved parameter:reduce the diameter of the bottle4Deteriorating parameter:reduces the stability of the bottle 13https:/www.coca- cases using TRIZCase 2Samsung TRIZ implementation flow chartPosition of TRIZ Core Team in Samsung electronics R&D system4Application cases using TRIZCase 3Goldfish methodHow to use
