(1.1.1)--chapter1-1-Theresearchcontentofm.pdf

Molecular BiologyChapter 1 IntroductionReference1.Lewins Gene XII,Jocelyn E.Krebs,et al.Publisher:Jones&Bartlett,Year:20182.Molecular Biology,5th Edition.Robert F.Weaver.Publisher:McGraw-Hill,Year:20123.Fundamental Molecular Biology，Lizabeth A.Allison，Publisher：Blackwell,Year：20073What is molecular biology?Schematic diagram from the whole level to the molecular levelMolecularCell OrganismDevelopment process:Robert Hooke,1665Watson,Crick,1953Life science:a comprehensive discipline that studiesbiological phenomena and activitiesThe definition of molecular biologyIn 1950,Astbury used the term MolecularBiology in a lecture for the first time toillustrate that it is to study the chemical andphysicalstructureofbiologicalmacromolecules.The establishment of modern molecular biologyMolecularbiologyisanemergingdisciplinethatstudiesbiologicalphenomenaandtheirunderlyingprinciples at the molecular level.It is the fastest-growing frontier in lifesciences and widely combined withmulti-disciplines.1.1 What is the research content of molecular biology？Nucleic acid molecular biologyProtein molecular biologyCell signal transduction mechanismThe research content of molecular biologyThere are mainly 3 aspects:Molecular biology primarily focuses on studying thestructure and function of biomacromolecules and theinteractions withinas well.Specially,the so-calledmedicalmolecularbiologyconcentratesondemonstrating their roles in human diseases.1.1.1 Nucleic acid molecular biologyMolecularbiologyofnucleicacidsmainly studies the structure and functionof nucleic acids,i.e.DNA and RNA.They are macromolecules that store andtransfer genetic information in a cell.1.1.2 Protein Molecular BiologyDNA the main genetic information-carrying molecules of the living thingProtein the main life activity-undertaking molecules of the living thing.Studying the structure and function of proteinsCell division and differentiation as well as otherbiologicalfunctionsdependonexternalenvironmentfactors.Thatis,respondingtoexogenous stimuli,cells convert them into a seriesofbiochemicalchangesthroughthesecondmessengers.Cell signal transduction mechanismsare of high complexity.Nonetheless,great advancehas been made in recent years in this field.1.1.3 Cell signal transduction mechanism