(2.3.2)--Emerging_Respiratory_Viruses_COV.pdf
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(2.3.2)--Emerging_Respiratory_Viruses_COV.pdf
ModuleB:Unit2:LaboratoryinvestigationsLearningobjectiveBytheendofthisunit,participantswillbeabletodescribe:thetypesofsamplingneeded thetypeoflaboratoryinvestigationsusedtoconfirmcases.WHO20172WHO2020 Aninfectioncanbelaboratory-confirmed:bydetectionofviralnucleicacid,or bypossiblyusingserologytodemonstrateantibodiesLaboratoryinvestigationsrequiredforcaseconfirmationWHO20173WHO2020TypeofsamplestotakeinpeoplewithsymptomsForPCR Lowerrespiratorytract:sputum,lavage,aspirate Upperrespiratorytract:nasopharyngealandoropharyngealswabs;nasopharyngealwash/nasopharyngealaspirate Stool?WHO20174WHO2020WHO20205 Nasopharyngealandoropharyngealswabs Samplesshouldbetakenwithin14 daysofthepersonslastdocumentedcontactwithaCOVID-19caseTypesofsamplestotakeincontactswithnosymptomsForPCRBiosafety,storage,andtransportationofsamples AllhealthcareworkerswhocollectspecimensfrompatientssuspectedorconfirmedtobeinfectedwiththeCOVID-19virusmustwearappropriatepersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)AllthoseinvolvedincollectionandtransportingspecimensshouldbetrainedinsafehandlingpracticesanddecontaminationproceduresWHO20206Biosafety,storage,andtransportationofsamplesStorageandtransport:Ifthespecimenwillreachthelaboratoryinlessthan72 hours,storeandshipat4C Ifthespecimenwillreachthelaboratoryinmorethan72 hours,storeat-80C andshipondryiceorliquidnitrogenWHO20207NegativeresultsininfectedpeopleSometimes,negativeresultsmightbeobtainedfromaninfectedindividualdueto:poorqualityofthespecimen thespecimenwascollectedlateorveryearlyintheillness thespecimenwasnothandledandshippedappropriately technicalreasonsinherentinthetest,e.g.virusmutationorPCRinhibitionWHO20208RetestingpatientswithnegativeresultsIfanegativeresultisobtainedfrompatientswithahighindexofsuspicionforinfection,newspecimens,includingsomefromthelowerrespiratorytractifpossible,shouldbecollectedandtestedLaboratoriesthathavenotvalidatedtheircapacitytodetectcoronavirusshouldsendthefirst5positiveandthefirst10negativesamplestooneoftheinternationalreferencelaboratoriesWHO20209
