(讲练测)2017年高考英语一轮复习Unit3-5(讲)新人教版选修7.doc

Unit 3 -5单元知识预览项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1.witnessvt.当场见到；目击n. 目击者；证人；证据2opposite prep. 在对面 adj. 相对的；相反的3pause vi.& n. 暂停；中止4flee vi. 逃避；逃跑 vt. 逃离5urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策6relationship n. 关系；血缘关系；交往7abandon vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的8reflect vt. 思考；映射；反射reflection n. 反射；反映9aware adj. 意识到的；知道的awareness n. 意识；觉悟10scare vt. 恐吓vi. 受惊吓scared adj. 恐惧的；害怕的11concept n. 观念；概念12relevant adj. 有关的；切题的13otherwise conj. 否则；不然adv. 用别的方法；其他方面14privilege n. 特权；特别优待15purchase vt.& n. 买；购买16adjust vi.& vt. 调整；(使)适合adjustable adj. 可调整的adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应17participate vi. 参与；参加participation n. 参加；参与participant n. 参与者18donate vt. 捐赠donation n. 捐赠donator n. 捐赠者19distribute vt. 分配；分发distribution n. 分配；分发；分布状态20operate vi. 工作；运转vt. 操作operation n. 手术；运转operator n. 操作人员21lecture n& vi. 演讲；讲课22comfort n. 舒适；安慰vt. 安慰23substitute n. 代替者；代用品 vt. 用代替24contradict vt. 反驳；驳斥25optional adj. 可选择的；随意的26destination n. 目的地27recommend vt. 推荐；建议recommendation n. 推荐；介绍；劝告28occupy vt. 占用；占领；占据occupation n. 占有；占据29apology n. 道歉；谢罪apologize vi. 道歉；谢罪30abundant adj. 丰富的；充裕的abundance n. 丰富重点短语1ahead of优于；在前面2in the meantime 在此期间；与此同时3help(.)out 帮助()摆脱困境或危难4be/become aware of 对知道、明白；意识到5hold up 举起；抬起；支撑；阻挡；使延误6(be) dying to 极想；渴望7participate in 参与；参加8dry out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透9in need 在困难中；在危急中10come across 偶遇；碰见11keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去12fit in 相适应；相融合13be occupied with 忙着做；忙于某事物14out of the question 不可能的；不值得讨论的15take up 占用时间；占据空间；继续经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1a timewhen引导的定语从句It was a time when the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。2where引导地点状语从句The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended，there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。3from where.，修饰前面的先行词，where引导定语从句并作介词的宾语We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.我们走了两个半小时才到了那儿先爬了一座山到了山顶，从那儿我们欣赏到了奇妙的风景，然后又沿着陡峭的山路到了下面的山谷。4not.but.“不是而是”The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。5It was the first time that.这是第一次做It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.这是她第一次离开祖国。必备语法（高级句型）词类复习（1）晨读范文背诵【西藏日喀则地区第一高级中学2016届高三10月月考】假如你是星光中学的学生李华，将参加主题为“My Chinese Dream”的英语演讲比赛，请撰写一篇演讲稿，主要内容包括：1. 梦想成为一名山村教师，帮助山村孩子；2. 山区偏僻，教育落后；3. 父母和朋友都反对；4. 我会注意：1.词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已为你写好。Good morning, everyone!_【参考范文】Thank You!Good morning, everyone!Im Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School. The topic of my speech is “My Chinese Dream”.As we know, the education of rural areas is falling behind other areas. And the children there are longing for knowledge. Therefore, the problem about the lack of teachers is especially serious. It puzzles me that parents and friends arent in favour of my idea of being a rural teacher. And they think I am foolish. I understand their thoughts and feelings, but I think the children in rural areas are in great need of me. I will study hared to go college, thus realizing my dream.I wont regret my choice. I will struggle for my dream. Come on and join me!Thank You!语言知识精析重点单词精讲考点1witness vt.当场见到；目击 n目击者；证人；证据【教材原句】I thought，at the time，that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.当时我认为这只是个故事，但之后我亲眼看见了好多次。【例句研读】（1）His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.他健康的身体证明这种疗法是成功的。（2）The driver witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.司机作证说，他看到此人进入那栋大楼。【归纳拓展】a witness to 的目击者bear/give witness (to) 证明；作证call to witness 请作证；传作证witness to(doing) sth. 作证【即时巩固】(1)The successful launch of Shenzhou is _ our countrys increasing prosperity.“神舟”七号的成功发射是我们伟大祖国日益强盛的有力见证。(2)The two servants _ Mr Smiths will.两个仆人在史密斯先生的遗嘱上签名作证。(3)She was punished for _.她因作伪证受到惩处。(4)The worker _ the accused near the scene of the crime.这个工人作证说曾看见被告在犯罪现场附近。【答案】(1)powerful witness to(2)witnessed (3)giving false witnesses(4)witnessed to having seen考点2urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策【教材原句】“Man overboard！Turn the boat around！”urged George，shouting loudly.乔治催促着，大声喊道：“有人落水了！调转船头。”【例句研读】(1) I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.我收到莫伊拉的一封短信，要我保持联系。(2) They urged us into giving our support.他们敦促我们给予支持。(3) It was urged that he (should)be punished for drunk driving.有人极力主张他应因醉驾而受到惩罚。【归纳拓展】urge on/upon sb.向某人极力陈述某事urge against.极力反对urge sb. to do sth.催促某人做某事urge sb. into doing催促某人做某事urge that sb.(should) do sth.主张；力劝It is/was urged that.有人主张have an urge to do sth.渴望做某事【即时巩固】(1)He _ his pupils the importance of hard work.他向学生们力言用功的重要。(2)We _ her _ her birthday gift from her boyfriend.我们催她打开她男朋友送给她的生日礼物。(3)My friends urged that I _ for the job.朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。(4)I was urged that he _.有人极力主张他应受到处罚。(5)The vacation is coming and I _.假期快到了，我很想外出旅行。【答案】(1)urged on(2)urged to open(3) (should) apply(4) (should) be punished (5)have an urge to travel考点3abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃 n放任；放纵【教材原句】From James's face，I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出，他害怕被我们抛弃。【例句研读】(1) Parents who abandon their babies should be punished.抛弃孩子的父母应该受到惩罚。(2) The young man does nothing but abandon himself to pleasure.那个年轻人除了沉溺于玩乐什么都不做。(3) Walking in the forest，he felt abandoned by the world.走在森林里，他觉得自己被世界抛弃了。【归纳拓展】abandon sth./sb. to sb. 舍弃某物/人而被别人取得abandon sth. for sth. 舍弃某物去取另一物abandon oneself to sth. 沉湎于某事abandon sb. to the mercy of 听任某人由摆布abandon smoking 戒烟abandon a project/plan 放弃一项方案/计划with abandon 放肆地；恣意地【即时巩固】(1)The child _ his parents.这孩子被父母遗弃了。(2)The crew _ the burning ship.水手们离弃了燃烧着的船。(3)I _ of being a doctor.我放弃了当医生的希望。(4)She _ herself _ despair.她陷入绝望之中。【答案】(1)was abandoned by(2)abandoned (3)abandoned my hope(4)abandoned to考点4reflect vt.映射；反射；思考 vi.思考【教材原句】I'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the daya day of pure magic!我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情多么神奇的一天！【例句研读】(1) She could see her face reflected in the car's winds shield.她看到自己的脸映照在汽车的挡风玻璃上。(2) Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.如果你养成思考怎样学习的习惯，作为一名学生，你的表现将会是非常优秀的。【归纳拓展】reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像reflect sb./sth. in sth. (指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像reflect sth. from sth. 从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中【即时巩固】(1)He looked at his face _ the mirror.他看着镜子中自己的脸。(2)The heat _ the white sand formed a mirage.热气经白色的沙面反射形成蜃景。(3)I need time to _ your offer.我需要时间来考虑你的建议。考点5adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合【教材原句】The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋内很黑，因此我们的眼睛要过一段时间才能适应过来。【例句研读】(1) It took time to adjust myself to motherhood.我过了一段时间才习惯做母亲这个角色。(2) It took a while for her eyes to adjust to the darkness.她用一小会儿的时间来让眼睛适应黑暗。【归纳拓展】adjustable adj. 可调节的adjustment n. 调节；调整adjust sth. 整理/整顿/安排某物/某事adjust sth./oneself to sth. 使适应新环境等【即时巩固】(1)She _ the seat _ the height of her child.她调节坐椅以适合她孩子的身高。(2)It took several seconds for his eyes to _ the dark.几秒钟以后他的眼睛才适应了黑暗。(3)You will quickly _ the student life.你很快就会适应学生生活的。【答案】(1)adjusted to(2)adjust to (3)adjust yourself to 考点6operate vt.运转；操作；经营，管理，营业 vi.工作；运转；起作用，奏效；动手术【教材原句】This gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages.这份礼物包含了支援贫困或偏远山村社区小学的练习本和课本的费用。【例句研读】(1) Having seen the Xray，the doctor decided to operate on the patient.看过X光片后，医生决定为病人做手术。(2) When shall we put the project into operation？我们何时开始实施这项工程？【归纳拓展】(1)operate on/upon sb.给某人动手术operate a business经营一家企业operate a machine操作机器(2)come/go into operation开始工作/运转；生效put/bring into operation实施；施行be in operation在运转中；在行动中；在实施中【即时巩固】写出下列句子中operate的词性及含义（1）The doctor had to operate on his daughter that day.（2）The machine is operating continuously.（3）The old man operates several companies.（4）The sleeping pill operated at once.【答案】（1）vi.动手术（2）vi.运转（3）vt.经营，管理（4）vi.起作用，奏效考点7recommend vt.推荐；建议；介绍；劝告【教材原句】Xie Lei highly recommends it.谢蕾强力推荐它。【例句研读】(1) I can recommend Miss Green as a good typist.我可以推荐格林小姐作为一名优秀的打字员。(2) Doctors recommend taking a walk after supper.医生建议晚饭后散步。【归纳拓展】recommend sth. to sb.recommend sb. sth.向某人介绍某物，向某人推荐某物recommend sb. as/sth. for 推荐某人当/某事做recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事recommend doing sth. 建议干某事recommend that 建议(从句中用“should动词原形”，should 可省略)It is/was recommended that. 有人建议(从句中用虚拟语气)【即时巩固】(1)He strongly _ her _ our firm for the post.他极力推荐她到我们公司担任这一职务。(2)Doctors _ after supper.医生建议晚饭后散步。(3)I _ you _ her at once.我建议你马上去看她。(4)It is recommended that the machine _ every year.建议每年把机器检修一次。考点8comfort n舒适；安慰 vt.安慰【教材原句】Also，when I miss my family，it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.还有，当我想家的时候，有一个像家一样的地方可以去，这真是一种安慰。【例句研读】(1) Instead, he said “It's OK” to comfort me before he disappeared into the washroom.相反，那个人只说了一句“It's OK”来安慰我，然后去了洗手间。(2) Her parents comforted her for her failing in the driving test.因她驾驶员考试没通过，她父母来安慰她。【归纳拓展】comfort sb.安慰某人live in comfort生活舒适a few words of comfort几句安慰的话It is a comfort to do sth.做是令人安慰的事comfort一般用作不可数名词，但当“令人安慰的事情”讲时，可以用作可数名词；作“奢侈品”之意时，可以用作复数。【即时巩固】(1)He lives _.他生活极为舒适。(2)After retirement, he _ reading.退休后他从读书中得到慰藉。(3)_ to know that she is safe.得知她平安无事，这是一个安慰。(4)A hot cup of milk on a cold night is _.在寒冷的夜晚喝一杯热牛奶真是舒服。(5)I _ Jean after her mothers death.琼的妈妈去世后，我尽力安慰她。【答案】(1)in great comfort(2)took comfort from/in(3)It is a comfort (4)a real comfort(5)tried to comfort考点9occupy vt.占用；占领；占据【教材原句】The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋内很黑，因此我们的眼睛要过一段时间才能适应过来。【例句研读】(1) Football occupies most of my leisure time.足球占去了我大部分的闲暇时间。(2) He was occupied in writing a book.他忙于写书。【归纳拓展】 occupation n. 侵占；占领；职业be occupied (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事(in可省略)be occupied with sth. 从事/忙于某事(用法同 busy)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth. 忙于做某事under occupation 在占领之下，占领中【即时巩固】(1)The enemy _ the town.敌人占领了这个镇。(2)Writing _ most of my free time.写作占去了我大部分的空闲时间。(3)I _ myself _ writing a novel.我忙于写小说。【答案】(1)occupied(2)occupies(3)occupied in重点短语精讲考点1help(.)out帮助()摆脱困境或危难【例句研读】(1) She was helping him out with his mortgage repayments.她在帮助他偿还抵押贷款。(2) I can't help wondering what happened to that little girl.我忍不住想知道那个小女孩出了什么事。【归纳拓展】help sb. with sth. 帮助某人干某事help (sb.) (to) do sth. 帮助(某人)干某事can't help to do 不能帮助干某事can't help doing 禁不住干某事can't help but do 只得，不得不help oneself to 随便吃/用【即时巩固】(1)Is there anything I can do to _？我能帮上忙吗？(2)He was obviously in some kind of trouble, but I didnt know how I could _.他显然遇到了麻烦，但我不知道应怎样帮他。(3)Can you _ the maths problem？你能帮我解决这道数学题吗？考点2be/become aware of对知道/明白；意识到【教材原句】The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding mepurples，reds，oranges，yellows，blues and greens.我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和橙色等。【例句研读】（1）I went to a group activity，“Sensitivity Sunday”，which was to make us more aware of the problems faced by disabled people.我参加了一个名为“Sensitivity Sunday”的活动，该活动旨在让大家了解残疾人面临的一些问题。（2）Drivers should be made aware of the danger of driving after drinking.应当让司机意识到酒后开车的危险。【归纳拓展】(1)be aware that.知道；体会到as far as I'm aware据我所知(2)make sb. aware that.提醒某人注意make sb. aware of.使某人意识到(3)develop an awareness of.逐渐懂得lack of awareness缺乏认识【即时巩固】（1）You'll _ the mistakes you've made sooner or later.你迟早会明白你所犯的错误的。（2）It is important that students develop _parents' love.重要的是学生们要逐渐懂得珍惜父母的爱。考点3hold up举起；抬起；延迟；耽搁；阻碍；支撑【教材原句】.I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom.我看到詹姆斯在水中被老汤姆稳稳地托举着。【例句研读】（1）They managed to hold on until help arrived.他们设法坚持直到有救援到来。（2）The police were unable to hold back the crowd.警察阻拦不住人群。【归纳拓展】hold.back阻碍；忍住；保留hold.down控制；镇压hold on坚持下去；(电话)别挂hold on to.抓住不放hold out坚持到底；维持；伸出hold to sth.紧紧抓住；坚持(路线、道路、看法等)【即时巩固】写出下列句子中hold up的含义（1）The pupil held up his right hand to ask questions.（2）The traffic was held up by an accident.（3）The robbers held up the plane to London.【答案】（1）举起（1）使耽搁（1）延迟考点4. (be) dying to极想/渴望做某事【例句研读】（1）She was dying to ask where he'd got it.她极想问他是从哪里弄到的。（2）She was dying/anxious/eager for a holiday to relax herself.她非常渴望一个假期来放松一下自己。（3）Mike is eager/anxious to stay away from the busy city life for a while.迈克渴望离开繁忙的城市去生活一段时间。【归纳拓展】be dying to do sth. 迫切想要；渴望be dying for sth. 渴望；迫切想要be anxious to do sth./for sth.be eager to do sth./for sth.long to do sth./for sth.be thirsty forbe keen to do sth.想要，渴望【即时巩固】(1)Im _ what happened.我很想知道发生了什么事。(2)My daughter _ a piano.我女儿渴望得到一架钢琴。考点5come across偶然遇到或发现；碰见【教材原句】The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.那些从未见过这种情况的男孩子们吓得都往窗外跳去。【例句研读】（1）The news has just come out that our college will be combined with yours.我们学院将与你们学院合并的消息刚刚透露出来。（2）This situation should never have come about这种情况本来不应该发生。【归纳拓展】come about(某情况)发生come out出版；出来；开花；泄露；透露come along跟着来；一起去come off掉下；落下come through(信息，消息等)收到；传来come into effect/force/use生效；开始使用come into existence出现；诞生；成立come to a conclusion/decision得出结论/做出决定【即时巩固】One's true feelings cannot but_ in what one says and does.一个人的真实感情必然在他的言行中表现出来。考点6keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续干下去【教材原句】KEEP IT UP，XIE LEI谢蕾，再接再厉【例句研读】（1）Her illness kept