2014年高考英语阅读理解突破试题及答案-(5).doc

2014年高考英语阅读理解突破试题及答案（5）阅读理解-AMany people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车). But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896. That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world's first automobile. Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a car's parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts. That is not true, either. Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better. And he made the whole factory a moving production line. In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars. It was the best way of gaining public notice. Henry Ford decided to build a racing car. Ford's most famous race was his first one. It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself. The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit. All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left: the Winton and Ford's. The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began. The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power. Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became well-known all over the United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In the 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company. That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream. Ford said: "I will build a motor car for the great mass of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men to be employed. And it will be built with the simplest plans that modem engineering can produce. It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one." The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost $850. It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers. Even criminals. They considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation. Americans loved the Model T. They wrote stories and songs about it. Thousands of Model T's were built in the first few years.( ) 1. What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1?A. He made good use of ideas from others. B. He produced the first car in the world. C. He knew how to improve auto parts.D. He invented the production line.【答案】：A【解析】：细节题。由文章What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better.可选A。( ) 2. Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race? A. To show off his driving skills. B. To draw public attention.C. To learn about new technology. D. To raise money for his new company. 【答案】：B【解析】：细节题。由文章第3段The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began.可得出 B。 ( ) 3. “That sale” in Paragraph 4 refers to .A. the selling of Ford cars at reduced prices B. the sale of Model T to the mass of people C. the selling of a car to a Detroit doctorD. the sales target for the Ford Company【答案】：C【解析】：猜测词义，有上文In the 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company.可知。( ) 4. What was Henry Ford's dream according to the text? A. Producing cars for average customers.B. Building racing cars of simple design. C. Designing more car models.D. Starting more companies.【答案】：A【解析】：细节题，由I will build a motor car for the great mass of people可选A。阅读理解-BThe Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States. It is a network of offices, some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population, and some of which fight for the passing of laws that of over two hundred million people living in the United States, up to three million are homelessand the number is still growing. Since the late 1970s,fast rising house prices, large cuts in government supported housing programs, and economic recession(经济衰退)have made it impossible for many Americans to meet housing costs. Sadly, this has resulted in a number of persons being forced to leave their homes and/or unable to find new affordable homes. According to another research, families with children appear to be the fastest-growing part of the homeless population, making up 39% of it. The old idea of a homeless person, that of the single man who gets drunk all the time, is no longer true. A much lager part of the population now finds itself homeless. Even worse, once a person becomes homeless, he often finds it impossible to find a job, since most employers require anyone who wants a job from them to provide a home address on a job application. ( ) 1. The word “address” in the first line probably means .A. talk about B. deal with C. fight for D. write to【答案】：B【解析】：猜测词义题。由后文It is a network of offices, some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population, and some of which fight for the passing of laws that of over two hundred million people living in the United States,可得出选B。( ) 2. How many people are homeless in the U.S. according to the Coalition studies?A. 39% of the population. B. 200 million people.C. About 3 million people. D. About one-fifth of the population.【答案】：C【解析】：细节题，由up to three million are homeless可得出C。( ) 3. Homeless people often have difficulty finding a job because .A. they have no home addressesB. they mostly have a drinking problemC. they aren't supported by government programsD. they often don't have enough work experience【答案】：A【解析】：细节题，由he often finds it impossible to find a job, since most employers require anyone who wants a job from them to provide a home address on a job application.可知。( ) 4. What is the main cause of the rising number of the homeless in the U.S.?A. The passing of new housing laws. B. The fast growth of family size. C. The slow construction of houses. D. The ever-rising price of housing.【答案】：D【解析】：细节题，由fast rising house prices, large cuts in government supported housing programs, and economic recession(经济衰退)可知选D。阅读理解-DA mother from Colorado who doctors said had died while giving birth to her son, has said it is a Christmas miracle that both she and the boy are alive.Tracey Hermanstorfer's heart stopped beating and her son Coltyn appeared lifeless after the Caesarean(剖腹产术)section on Christmas Eve. However a few minutes after he was born, both began breathing again. Dr Stephanie Martin told Good Morning America she could not explain how the pair survived. Mrs Hermanstorfer and her husband Mike told the American television show that their baby was now healthy and that they were doing “good” following the drama at Colorado Springs Memorial Hospital.The couple, who already had two children, had to go into the hospital seven weeks earlier than planned. Her husband, 37, said his wife was tired after receiving an epidural(硬脑膜外麻醉)during the labour(分娩)but after closing her eyes, she “wasn't waking up”She stopped breathing and she is believed to have suffered a heart attack before her heart stopped beating entirely.Dr Martin said she was called in and that the outlook was grim since in most situations like this，“despite the best efforts of the team”， the mother was often unable to be revived. In that case doctors then tried to focus on delivering the baby but when he was born he was “completely lifeless”Mr Hermanstorfer told the Associated Press news agency，“I had everything in the world taken from me, and in an hour and a half I had everything given to me.”Dr Martin said she did not have a “great explanation” for why Mrs Hermanstorfer's heartbeat returned. “Somewhere between four and five minutes she had been without heart rate and had stopped breathing a minute or two prior to her heart stopping，” she said. The doctors were then able to bring the baby back to life, and the mother was alive after that.Despite tests, she said doctors were still not sure about what had happened. However Mrs Hermanstorfer and her husband Mike have said they believed it was down to a miracle. She said：“I got a second chance in life.”16The story happened on_.ADecember, 24 BDecember, 25CDecember, 31 DJanuary, 117What might have happened to Tracey Hermanstorfer just before her heart stopped beating?AShe became unconscious. BShe took a nap.CShe had a bad headache.DShe suffered a heart attack.18Which of the following is the correct order of what happened to Tracey Hermanstorfer?asuffering a heart attackbstopping heart beating entirelycstopping breathingdcoming back to lifeereceiving an epiduralfproducing a babyAacfdbe BfcadbeCeacbfd Deabcfd19What feelings did Mr Hermanstorfer experience during the incident?ASad and delighted.BDisappointed and depressed.CSad and angry.DTouched and regrettable.20Which of the following words best expresses Dr Martin's attitude towards Tracey Hermanstorfer's coming back to life?AShocked. BPuzzled.CNormal. DCurious.全解全析本文为记叙文。美国的一位产妇在分娩时可能突发心脏病，心脏停止了跳动。但在产下一个无生命迹象的男婴后，母子却奇迹般地死而复生。答案：A细节理解题。根据“Tracey Hermanstorfer's heart stopped beating and her son Coltyn appeared lifeless after the Caesarean(剖腹产术)section on Christmas Eve.”可知，故事发生在圣诞节前夕，即12月24日。答案：D细节理解题。根据“She stopped breathing and she is believed to have suffered a heart attack before her heart stopped beating entirely.”可知，在她的心脏停止跳动之前Tracey Hermanstorfer可能心脏病突发。答案：C细节理解题。要求对事件排序，可采用首尾定位法。第一个事件是receiving an epidural，最后一个事件是coming back to life。故排除A项和B项。根据had stopped breathing a minute or two prior to her heart stopping可知stopping breathing发生在前，故答案为C。答案：A推断题。根据“I had everything in the world taken from me, and in an hour and a half I had everything given to me.”可以判断Mr Hermanstorfer 经历了“先悲后喜”的情感体验。答案：B根据第二段相关内容“.she could not explain how the pair survived.”以及第六段第一句话“Dr Martin said she did not have a great explanation for why Mrs Hermanstorfer's heartbeat returned.”等信息可知，Martin医生对这位产妇的“死而复生”感到“困惑”。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AKids will often ignore your requests for them to shut off the TV, start their chores(杂事),or do their homework as a way to avoid following your directions. Before you know it, youve started to sound like a broken record as you repeatedly ask them to do their assignments, clean their room, or take out the trash. Rather than saying “Do your chores now.” youll be more effective if you set a target time for when the chores have to be completed. So instead of arguing about starting chores, just say, “If chores arent done by 4 pm, here are the consequences.” Then its up to your child to complete the chores. Put the ball back in their court. Dont argue or fight with them, just say, “Thats the way its going to be.” It shouldnt be punitive(惩罚性的)as much as it should be persuasive. “If your chores arent done by 4 pm, then no video game time until chores are done. And if finishing those chores runs into homework time, thats going to be your loss.” On the other hand, when dealing with homework, keep it very simple. Have a time when homework starts, and at that time, all electronics go off and do not go back on until you see that their homework is done. If your kids say they have no homework, then they should use that time to study or read. Either way, there should be a time set aside when the electronics are off.When a kid wears his iPod or headphones when youre trying to talk to him, make no bones about it；he is not ignoring you, he is disrespecting you. At that point, everything else should stop until he takes the earplugs out of his ears. Dont try to communicate with him when hes wearing headphones even if he tells you he can hear you. Wearing them while youre talking to him is a sign of disrespect. Parents should be very tough about this kind of thing. Remember, mutual respect becomes more important as children mature.1According to the passage, it seldom happens that _.Akids turn a deaf ear to their parents requestsBparents directions sound like a broken recordCchildren are ready to follow their parents directionsDparents are unaware of what they are repeating to their kids2Parents will be able to deal with their children more effectively if they _.Aavoid direct ways of punishment Bmake them do things at their requestCargue and fight with their children Dallow their children to behave in their own way3When the kid is doing his homework, parents _.Ashould provide him with a good learning environmentBcan do whatever they likeCcan stay aside watching TVDmust switch off the power4It can be inferred from the passage that _.Aparents should take off his headphones when trying to have a talk with their childBit will make no difference that a kid is wearing his earplugs while talking to his parentsCparents shouldnt give in to their kid when he shows no sign of respectDkids purposely talking to their parents with iPod gives them a sense of power and control5The main idea of the passage is _.Athat respecting each other is more important than anything elseBhow kids behave to ignore and disrespect their parentsCthat children should make choices and decisions on their ownDhow parents can deal with their kids behavior effectively 全解全析1答案C解析细节理解题。注意题干中seldom表否定。从文章开头两句可知孩子们通常不理会父母的要求。2答案A解析细节理解题。从第一段中间部分可知,作者认为“不与孩子发生正面冲突会取得更好的教育效果”。3答案A解析细节理解题。从第一段可知“在孩子做作业时,家长要关掉所有的电器给孩子创造一个良好的学习环境”。D项“关掉电源”与文章不符。4答案C解析推理判断题。从第二段前两句可判断选项C正确。5答案D解析主旨大意题。本文旨在帮助父母有效应对孩子不听话的问题。