2022-2023学年上学期高一英语期末模拟试卷（新高考专用）（01）（解析版）.docx

2022-2023学年高一上学期期末模拟试卷（新高考专用）（01）（解析版）英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2.5分。满分37.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。A（广东省广州中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中英语试题）Five Star Yellowstone TourDiscover the world's oldest national park, Yellowstone, on this grand wildlife tour. Our professional guides will give you a 5 star customer service experience on your all inclusive tour without any additional taxes or booking fees.Starting at approximately 7 am, we will be rolling out the red carpet for you and all you have to do is to sit back and enjoy the ride. We provide snacks, bottled water, and cooked food for lunch. This tour's main focus is on the wide variety of wildlife, Yellowstone's rich historic landscapes as well as the fascinating prospect formed by the Yellowstone Supervolcano fbr over millions of years. Binoculars （双筒望远镜）are provided to help you appreciate the scenery better.Whether you are an amateur photographer, a science or history enthusiast or just want to explore the outdoors, this tour has something fbr everyone. Our fun but professional guides will give you a first class tour in a very comfortable tour bus.Tour snapshotDuration: 10-12 hoursTaking Covid-19 safety measures: Click here【10题详解】推断题。根据第四段“The cuckoo imposter （冒名顶替者）is usually the only baby bird that the host parent has to care fbr. This is because when the cuckoo hatches after around 11 days, it gets rid of all the other eggs in the nest. It will lift each egg onto its back before throwing them one by one over the edge of the nest.（冒充宿主父母的亲 鸟的布谷鸟的雏鸟通常是宿主父母需要照顾的唯一雏鸟。这是因为当布谷鸟在11天后孵化时，它会把巢 中所有其他的蛋都扔掉。它会把每个蛋背在背上，然后把它们一个一个地扔出巢穴的边缘。户可知，当布 谷鸟孵化出来的时候，其它蛋还处于孵化状态。因此可推断，布谷鸟比鸟巢中其它鸟类孵化的要早。故选 Ao11题详解】理解主旨要义题。根据文章第一段“Cuckoos （布谷鸟）are masters of cheating .（布谷鸟是欺骗的大师。）”以 及文章主要内容可知，文章主要介绍了布谷鸟是如何欺骗其它鸟类为其孵化幼鸟的。所以"How cuckoos fool other birds（布谷鸟是如何欺骗其它鸟类的）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。D （河北省泊头一中2022-2023学年高一上学期期初英语试题）Some 128 baby squids from Hawaii are in space fbr a study. The baby Hawaiian squids come from the University of Hawaii*s Kewalo Marine Laboratory. They are about 7.6 centimeters long. There are plenty of these tiny animals in Hawaiian waters. The squids will come back to Earth in July. They rode on a SpaceX spacecraft along with thousands of kilos of supplies fbr the International Space Station on June 3.Jamie Foster is conducting the study as a researcher at the University of Hawaii with the help of Dr. Margaret McFall-Ngai, a member of the National Academy of Sciences. The Honolulu Star-Advertiser newspapers reported that she studies how spaceflight affects the squids. The research, started in 1989, can help scientists learn about human health during long trips in space.Squids have a relationship with natural bacteria that help them control their giving off light. Margaret said, “When astronauts are in low gravity, their bodies* relationship with bacteria changes. Bacteria are very important to the human body and health. The relationship of humans with bacteria is disturbed in low gravity, and Jamie has shown that it is true in squids,H said Margaret. HAnd, because it's a simple system, she can get to the bottom of what happens.H“As astronauts spend more and more time in space, their immune systems don*t function well J Jamie said. nTheir immune systems don't recognize bacteria easily. They sometimes get sick. Understanding what happens to the squids in space could help solve health problems that astronauts face."She said, nThe immune system does not work properly on long spaceflights. If humans want to spend time on the moon or Mars, we have to solve health problems to get them there saffely.”12. Whafs the purpose of the research?A. To know the situation in space.B. To study squids* living conditions.C. To check astronauts* immune systems.D. To help solve astronauts1 health problems.13. Why do the squids become the object of the research?A. They have a relationship with space.B. T hey can control their giving off light.C. They have something in common with people.D. They can solve the problems of natural bacteria.14. What is Margarets attitude to the research?A. Uncaring.B. Positive.C. Uncertain.D. Curious.15. Where can the text be found?A. In a novel.B. In a history book. C. In a travel brochure.D. In a science magazine.【新高考高频话题】“人与社会”中“科技”话题在新高考卷阅读语篇的选材中经常出现，在青少年中弘 扬科学精神，倡导科学方法，是新时代的教育使命，也是新高考阅读选材的理念之一。如2021新高考n 卷D篇（养牛业引进机器人）。文章主要说明了研究人员通过研究觥鱼在太空中的反应来帮助解决宇航员 健康问题。本文介绍了选择觥鱼作为研究目标的原因以及这一研究的重要意义。引导学生关注科技发展前 沿，培养科学探究意识。选材话题属于“人与社会”这一范畴。此题具有较高的训练价值。【答案】12.D13. C 14. B 15. D【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是“人与社会” O文章主要说明了研究人员通过研究觥鱼在太 空中的反应来帮助解决宇航员健康问题。介绍了选择航鱼作为研究目标的原因以及这一研究的重要意义。【词汇积累】squid蜕鱼 get to the bottom of探明的真相conducting the study进行这项研究in low gravity immune system 免疫系统 function. natural bacteria 自然细菌【难句分析】 Understanding what happens to the squids in space could help solve health problems that astronauts动名词短语做主语face.译文：了解这些觥鱼在太空中的情况可能有助于解决宇航员面临的健康问题）”可知，这项研究的目的是帮 助解决宇航员健康问题。12题详解】理解具体信息题。根据第二段中 “The research, started in 1989, can help scientists learn about human health during long trips in space.（这项开始于1989年的研究可以帮助科学家在太空长途旅行中了解人类健康）”以 及彳到数第二段中 uUnderstanding what happens to the squids in space could help solve health problems that astronauts face. （了解这些豌鱼在太空中的情况可能有助于解决宇航员面临的健康问题）”可知I,这项研究的 目的是帮助解决宇航员健康问题。故选D。13题详解】推断题。根据第三段 “ Squids have a relationship with natural bacteria that help them control their giving offlight. Margaret said, “When astronauts are in low gravity, their bodies* relationship with bacteria changes. Bacteria are very important to the human body and health. The relationship of humans with bacteria is disturbed in low gravity, and Jamie has shown that it is true in squids/1 said Margaret. HAnd, because it's a simple system, she can get to the bottom of what h邛pens.”僦鱼与自然细菌有关系，帮助它们控制自己的发光。Margaret说：“当宇航员处 于低重力状态时，他们的身体与细菌的关系发生了变化。细菌对人体和健康非常重要。在低重力环境下， 人类与细菌的关系被打乱了，杰米已经证明了这在豌鱼身上也是正确的，而且，因为这是一个简单的系统, 她可以了解到底发生了什么。可推知，鲸鱼会成为研究的对象因为它们与人有共同之处。故选C。【14题详解】 理用单态度题。根据倒数第二段中''Understanding what happens to the squids in space could help solve health problems that astronauts face.（了解这些鳏鱼在太空中的情况可能有助于解决宇航员面临的健康问题）”可推 知，Margaret对研究持支持态度。故选B。15题详解】推断题。根据第二段 “Jamie Foster is conducting the study as a researcher at the University of Hawaii with the help of Dr. Margaret McFall-Ngai, a member of the National Academy of Sciences. The Honolulu Star-Advertiser newspapers reported that she studies how spaceflight affects the squids. The research, started in 1989, can help scientists learn about human health during long trips in space. （Jamie Foster 是夏威夷大学的一名研究人员，在 美国国家科学院成员Margaret McFall-Ngai博士的帮助下进行了这项研究。据檀香山星报报道，她研 究太空飞行如何影响鳏鱼。这项开始于1989年的研究可以帮助科学家在太空长途旅行中了解人类健康）” 结合文章主要说明了研究人员通过研究觥鱼在太空中的反应来帮助解决宇航员健康问题。介绍了选择鳏鱼 作为研究目标的原因以及这一研究的重要意义。可推知，文章可能选自一本科学杂志。故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分。满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（辽宁省大连市部分重点高中2022-2023学年高一 10月月考）Exam AnxietyHas this ever happened to you? You've been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe. 16Everyone feels anxious during exams. Usually, it results from a fear of failure, lack of adequate preparation time and bad experiences taking tests in the past. This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance. 17 You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you. This can cause you to feel that your mind has “gone blank, on information you know you have revised.18 Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don't review because they think they will dobadly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you don't try and then you fail, you won't feel as bad as if you fail after trying really hard.So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test?19 Yes, this seems obvious, but it's worth repeating. If you feel confident that you've prepared thoroughly, you'll feel more confident walking into the test. The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize your anxiety. 20 You can always go back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating （分酉己）your time is equally important. Look through the whole test before getting started. Mentally allocate how much time you'll spend on each section. If there9s time to recheck, even better.A. After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.B. However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to fbcus on your work.C. Realizing time is almost up and that there's still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.D. Therefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.E. If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you're not alone!F. People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.G The first thing you should do is to be prepared.【新高考高频话题】“人与自我”话题中的“技巧指导类”话题在新高考卷七选五语篇的选材中经常出现, 如2021新高考H卷七选五（如何提高阅读）。2020新高考I卷七选五（成为好的演讲者需要掌握的原则）。 本文介绍了正确应对考试焦虑的几种方法，颇具实用性和指导意义。选材话题属于“人与自我”这一范畴。 此题具有较高的训练价值。【答案】16.E17. B 18. F 19. G 20. A【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是“人与自我”。本文介绍了正确应对考试焦虑的几种方法。【词汇积累】goes blank 一片空白negative mindset消极心态due to由于maximize使最大化【难句分析】 You've been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes现在完成进行时blank, your heart races fost, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe .译文：你一直在努力准备期中考试，但当你走进考场时，你的大脑一片空白，心跳加速，手掌出汗，呼吸 困难。【16题详解】由空前一句"You've been studying hard fbr your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe （你一直在努力准备期中考试，但当 你走进考场时，你的大脑一片空白，心跳加速，手掌出汗，呼吸困难）“可知，上文讲到一些典型的考试焦 虑症状；空后一句讲到“Everyone feels anxious during exam （考试时每个人都感到焦虑）”可知，下文讲到考 试焦虑人人都有，可得出每个人都会经历考试焦虑症状，承接上下文，E选项“如果这些典型的考试焦虑症 状听起来很熟悉，那么你并不孤单！ ”符合语境。故选E项。【17题详解】由空前一句"This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance.（这是正常的，通常有助于你更努力地工作，更快地思考，总体上提高你的表现）“可知，上文 讲到考试焦虑对人的好处；空后一句讲到“You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you. This can cause you to feel that your mind has "gone blank“ on information you know you have revised. （你也可能觉得其他人能够比你更好地掌控考试。这会让你觉得你的大脑对你知道你已经修改过的信息已经 “一片空白可知，下文讲到考试焦虑对人的坏处，上下文是明显的转折关系，该空应与上文形成转折关 系，讲过于对考试焦虑会造成的后果，承接上下文，B选项“然而，如果你对结果过于焦虑，你可能无法专 注于工作。”符合语境。故选B项。【18题详解】本空为段落主旨句。由空后一句"Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don't review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety.（有些人选择忽略考试焦虑问题，而另 一些人不复习，因为他们认为自己无论如何都会考不好，甚至会因为焦虑而错过考试）“可知，下文讲到了 人们处理考试焦虑的具体错误方式，该空应该承接下文总体概述处理考试焦虑的错误方式，F选项“人们经 常以许多尢益的方式处理考试压力。”符合语境。故选F项。【19题详解】由空前一句"So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? （那么，在考试之前和考试期间，你能做些什么来克服消极心态并保持冷静呢）”和空后一句"Yes, this seems obvious, but ifs worth repeating. If you feel confident that you've prepared thoroughly, you'll feel more confident walking into the test. The second tip is simple: just start.（是的，这似乎很明显，但值得重复。如果你确信自己 已经做好了充分的准备，那么在参加考试时你会更加自信。第二个技巧很简单：只要开始。厂可知，本段 在讲处理考试焦虑的方法，该空指的是第一个方法：为考试做准备，承接上下文，G选项“你应该做的第 一件事就是做好准备。”符合语境。故选G项。【20题详解】由空前一句"The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize your anxiety.（第二个技巧很简 单：只要开始。空白页面可以使你的焦虑最大化厂可知，处理考试焦虑的第二个方法是拿到试卷后立即开 始（避免空白卷面使你更焦虑），即开始做题，承接上文，A选项“拿到试卷后，立即开始做一些问题， 以建立自信。”符合语境。故选A项。第二部分语言运用共两节，满分30分第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。江苏省无锡外国语学校2022-2023学年高一上学期期初英语考试试题A minister（牧师）was on a long flight. The first 21 of approaching problem came when the sign onthe airplane flashed on: Fasten Your Seat Belts.As the minister looked 22 the aircraft, it became obvious that many of the passengers became23.Later, a voice over the intercom（内部通话系统）said, “We are so sorry that we are unable to 24the meal at this time. The currents are ahead of us." And then the storm broke. Lightning lit up the darkening skies, and within moments the great plane was tossed（使摇摆）around.The minister recalled, C6As I looked around the plane, I could see that nearly all the 25 were scared.ThenI suddenly saw a little girl. Obviously, the storm 26 nothing to her. She was reading a book on her seat andeverything within her small world was 27. Sometimes she closed her eyes, and then she would read again.Sometimes she straightened her legs, but worry and 28 were not in her world.”The minister could hardly believe his eyes. It was not surprising,29, that when the plane finally reached its destination and all the passengers were hurrying to 30 the plane, the minister came up to the girlwhom he had 31 for such a long time. Having talked about the storm, he asked why she had not beenafraid.The child replied, "That was because my 32 was the pilot, and he would take me home.”There are many kinds of 33 that frightened us. Physical, mental, financial, domestic, and many otherstorms can easily and quickly 34 our sky and throw our plane into apparently uncontrollable movement. We have all known such times, and let us be honest and accept, it is much easier to be at ease when our feet are on the ground than 35 we are being tossed about a darkened sky.Let us remember: Our father is the driver. He is in control and taking us home. Don't worry.21. A. suffering22. A. over23. A. worried24. A. buy25. A. passengers26. A. presented27. A. likely28. A. fear29. A. however30. A. drive off31. A. watched32. A. uncleB. effortB. aroundB. relaxedB.cookB. pilotsB. broughtB. friendlyC. warningC. intoC. annoyedC. completeC. officialsC. meantC. deadlyB. knowledge C. stressB. thereforeB. pull overB. attendedB. dadC. otherwiseC. land onC. remarkedC. brotherD. chanceD. atD. inspiredD. serveD. crewD. createdD. orderlyD. expectationD. insteadD. get offD. complainedD. Cousin33. A. accidents B. quarrels C. storms D. Anger34. A. destroy B. Cover C. darken D. break35. A. until B. when C. unless D. if【新高考高频话题】“人与自我”话题在新高考卷阅读语篇的选材中经常出现，如2021新高考I卷选B 篇（舞台上钢琴师的乐谱翻页者），2021新高考II卷A篇（不计学分的课程）。新高考语篇选材更加注重思 想性，如2021年新高考I卷完形填空讲述作者通过亲身经历意识到劳动的价值和应该尊重劳动者。2021 年八省联考卷通过讲述作者十岁的时候，有次去理发店，因为一句玩笑话惹怒了理发师助理。理发师助理 的反应让作者明白了一个道理;要尊重任何一种职业。本文讲述了在一次经历空中风暴的飞行中，当大家都 极其不安和恐惧的时候，有一名小女孩却展示出了无比的镇静。当有人问及原因时，她说那是因为飞行员 是她父亲，她父亲正在带她回家。这篇文章使我们感悟到：要脚踏实地地去迎战人生所遇到的风暴和挫折。 这篇文章思想性强，具有较高的训练价值。【答案】21.C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26.C 27. D 28. A 29. B30. D31.A 32. B 33. C 3 4. C 35. B【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境是“人与自我”。本文讲述了在一次经历空中风暴的飞行中， 当大家都极其不安和恐惧的时候，有一名小女孩却展示出了无比的镇静。当有人问及原因时，她说那是因 为飞行员是她父亲，她父亲正在带她回家。这篇文章使我们感悟到：要脚踏实地地去迎战人生所遇到的风 暴和挫折。【词汇积累】obvious明显的intercom内部通话系统 toss使摇摆 scared惊恐的straighten伸直难句分析 We have all known such times, and