备战2023年高考英语重难题型高分攻略12 阅读理解之词句猜测题（含代词指代题）（解析版）.docx

备战2023阅读考点分类训练之同句猜测题Passage AFor young people with autism（自闭症）,growing into adulthood can have its own challenges.But students at the non-profit educational program Exceptional Minds prove that autism can also mean special talents.Madeline Petti is an example of how Exceptional Minds helps students with autism seek and reach their full potential.441 want the world to know that I like designing things and Exceptional Minds is a great place fbr me." Madeline is part of a new wave of digital effects artists.She is a young,talented student who has autism.She is learning all about the entertainment industry with Exceptional Minds,which provides vocational（职业的）training for young adults with autism.Madeline has played video games since the 4th grade.She has also always loved watching animated（动画的）shows.But she said she had a lorlurous time learning in traditional settings.41! get bored easily when I'm just sitting there and people are talking around me.I'm not really personally devoted to the material.When you arc not personally dcvotcd,you have to force yourself to stay in the moment and pay attention.If you don't have the motivation to force yourself,you are pretty much going off into your personal La La Land.Exceptional Minds provided the right kind of learning environment fbr Madeline.More action,less talking.Shc said,“I like coming here because it's so hands-on.Wc get shown examples or we will follow along with the directions.! guess we are doing more.”Ernie Merlan is an EM program director.He said,“The heart of our program is a full time three-year vocational program specifically for the entertainment industry.The program teaches the students not only the technical skills they need but the work readiness skills they need in order to get a job.So we focus on how they look and what their attitude is,and then work place conflict which we all have.1 .What can be known about Madeline Petti?A.She suffers from game addiction.B.She has a talent for digital effects.C.She is working in a local industry.D.She dislikes designing things now.2 .What does the underlined word “torturous“ in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Hard.B.Normal.C.Long. D.Devoted.3 .How is Exceptional Minds different from traditional programs?A.It is about entertainment.B.It focuses more on action.analyze gases escaping magma.Hopefully,these tools will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions.9 .Why does the author mention the story of a farmer in the first paragraph?A.To show the power of volcano eruption.B.To introduce the topic.C.To introduce the volcano Paricutin.D.To explain the reason.10 .What does the underlined word "they" in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The bubbles of CO2.B.The ash of the volcano.C.Gas bubbles of compounds.D.The elements of a soda.11 .Which of the following is true about the eruption of Mount St.Helens?A.Landslides should be responsible for its eruption.B.It began to explode over a long period of time.C.The process of “unloading“ occurred after its explosion.D.The weight of the rock above it increased as to cause its eruption.12 .What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Scientists can determine the eruption of the volcano in advance.B.It is quite difficult to measure the weight of the Earth's crust.C.Spectrometers can help scientists to detect underground hotspots.D.Scientists are positive about further study of volcano eruption.解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是火山爆发的原因。1 .B解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段提到一个农民的故事是为了引出火 山喷发的原因这个主题。10 .C 解析 词句猜测题。根据第二段的"At high enough concentrations,compounds like water or sulfur（硫）form high-pressure gas bubbles.When these balls of gas reach the surface w 及they后的“can burst with the force of a gunshotw可知，是气泡会爆炸,they指的是水或硫这 样的化合物形成的高压气泡，即Gas bubbles of compoundso11 .A 解析细节理解题。根据第三段的"Landslides can remove .explosion of Mount St.Helens in 1980.”可知，山体滑坡应该对圣海伦斯火山的爆发负责。12 .D 解析推理判断题。根据最后一段的"Spectrometers can analyze gases escaping magma.Hopefuliy,these tools will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions.w可推断出,科学家们对火山爆发的进一步研究持积极态度。Passage GI can't prove this,but I'm sure it's true:nobody on their deathbed ever wished they'd spent more time watching television.Life is short and there are too many activities that are more important and fiilfilling than sitting in front of a television fbr hours on end.That's not to suggest you should remove television from your life completely.But I've come to see it as something best placed at the edge of life,rather than the center.I didn't always fbel that way.In fact,there was a period in my life when I wasted nearly six hours of my day watching television and watched till I fell asleep near midnight.Eight hours later,rd wake up with the TV still on,feeling no more rested than when I went to sleep.When you do the math,it's rather shocking.Six hours per day adds up to 2,190 hours over the course of a year,which equates to about 91 days.Although I failed to recognize it at the time,it's clear now that watching TV had become a full-blown（全音B） addiction for me.It was a way that I used to distract myself from the problems,fears and challenges I was refusing to deal with in my life.I used television to distract from the shame,embarrassment and stress I felt about some irresponsible financial decisions and their resulting fallout.I used it to avoid facing my fear of stepping out into the world more fully,connecting with others and pursuing the higher purpose to which my soul was being called.1 used it to cope with boredom and fill the space of an otherwise empty life.In short,my life was a mess and my self-esteem（自尊）was short,and while TV may have provided a short-term escape from that reality,it kept me locked within it.Luckily,now I no longer live such a life.So how did I make it?1 .What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 mean?A.The author didn't always love watching TV.B.The author used to place TV at the center of her life.C.Thc author always felt positive.D.The author used to think life was very long.2 .Why did the author spend most of her time watching TV in the past?A.To have a good rest at home.B.To learn about the real world.C.To gel away from her problems.D.To get rid of her bad habits.3 .What can we infer about the author now?A.She leads a very simple life.B.She lives a more fulfilling life.C.She watches TV for hours every day.D.She likes communicating with others.4 .What would the next paragraphs probably be about?A.Why watching TV is harmful.B.How to live a more fulfilling life.C.Whal the author does in her daily life now.D.How the author overcame her TV addiction.解析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者曾经沉溺于电视来逃避现实的经历。1.B 解析句意猜测题。根据第二段中 “In fact,there was a period in my life when I wasted nearly six hours of my day watching television and watched till I fell asleep near midnight."可知，作者曾将大部分的时间都投入到电视之中。画线句子的意思是作者曾把电视 当成生活的中心。2.C 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“It was a way that I used to distract myself from the problems.fallout.”可知，作者曾经沉迷于电视来逃避她的问题。3.B 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中"Luckily,now I no longer live such a life.”可 知，现在作者过着更充实的生活。4.D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So how did I make it?（那我是怎么做到的呢?）” 可知，接下来作者想要讲述她是如何克服电视瘾的。Passage HBicycle riding has taken the world by storm.Bicycles are typically made of steel or aluminum（铝）but now there is a unique company that is growing bikes on trees,literally.These bicycles are made of British grown ash trees by Welsh maker Andy Dix.His Hay-on-Wye company,Twmpa Frames,is making bikes that are of high performance and environmentally sustainable."It's great to push for more bikes and fewer cars on the road,but there's no escaping the fact that the bike industry as a whole is pretty energy intensive,M Dix told Cycling Industry,"I've always tried to minimize environmental impact in my work.Rather than relying on heavily-processed metals,or layers of plastic that will one day end up in landfill,Pm building bikes from captured carbon,in a process powered by sunlight?'It took two years to build the prototype（雏形）that was made from ash wood.Dix tested the wooden bike on the roughest roads he could find and discovered that it was comfortable,durable,and excellent at absorbing shakes.He put more than 3,000 miles on the bike.Dix explained,<4I was running along battered roads that would have shaken me to bits on an aluminum bike.The penny dropped. Not only could I make a bike out of wood,but it had inherent advantages over other materials.MThough cutting down trees can add to more carbon in the atmosphere,sustainable tree farming is possible.Dix said that manufacturing a British tonne of aluminum results in carbon emissions of 4,532 kg while producing a tonne of wood only emits 457 kg.Currently,the cost of a new Twmpa Cycle is out-of-reach for many bicycle riders;but the idea of using sustainable materials like ash trees could start a new cycling revolution that puts the environment first.Helping the environment could be just a pedal away.5 .What's paragraph 2 mainly about?A.The materials for building bikes.B.The driving force for wooden bikes.C.The problems with cycling industry.D.The process of building wooden bikes.6 .What does the underlined part “The penny dropped., in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.The truth came out.B.Money was missing.C.The bike broke down.D.The efforts were in vain.7 .What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Logging trees is a wrong practice.8 .Developing sustainable forestry is a must.C.Carbon emission calls for urgent attention.D.The wooden bike does more good than harm.8 .Which of the following is a suitable title of the text?A.Less Carbon,More SustainableB.Amazing?Bikes Grow on TreesC.No Innovation,No DevelopmentD.Amusing?Bike Riding Is Taking off解析：本文是一篇说明文。威尔士家具制造商Andy Dix使用英国种植的白蜡树制造自 行车，这将减少环境污染，对环境保护有非常重要的意义。5 .A解析段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段中Dix介绍了他在制造自行车的过程 中所使用的材料，不再依赖于金属和塑料,而是用碳和太阳能。6 .A解析句意猜测题。根据第三段内容可知,Dix对木质自行车进行了一系列测试，结合 画线句后“Not only could I make a bike out of wood,but it had inherent advantages over other materials.w可知，测试结果令人满意，所以画线句“The penny dropped/"是对测试的总结，结 合选项，“The truth came out.（真相大白了）”与画线句意思相近。7 .D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，虽然砍伐树木会造成一定的环境污染, 但砍伐树木比生产铝造成的污染少很多，而且白蜡树可能将可持续种植,这对环境来说还是利 大于弊的。8 .B解析主旨大意题。本文介绍了威尔士家具制造商Andy Dix使用英国种植的白蜡树 制造自行车，这将减少环境污染，对环境保护有非常重要的意义,B项“Amazing?Bikes Grow on Trees（神奇吗？自行车长在树上）”新颖有趣，引出话题，是文章最佳标题。Passage IWhy do we like drinking water from plastic boltles?Some people think it is healthy and clean.Others drink bottled water because it's easy-you can carry it around with you.In hot countries,like Greece,we often buy bottles of cold water in the summer.However,making lots of plastic is not a good idea for many reasons.First of all,we need a lot of oil for plastic products.We usually use oil as a source of energy.If we reduced the number of bottles we made,we wouldn't need so much oil.Plastic bottles also pollute the environment.If we reused all our plastic bottles,we wouldn't need so much space fbr rubbish dumps.But in Greece,we don't reuse much of the plastic we use.ln 2006,Greeks reused only about 10% of plastic waste.The rest became rubbish on land and in rivers and seas.So next time you want to throw away a plastic bottle in the litter bin,stop and think.If you reuse it,you would help the environment.But what can you do when there isn't a bin near you?Well,there are lots of useful ways that you can use your bottles again.For example,an empty bottle makes a great piggy bank for your pocket money,and if you cut a bottle in half,you will have a plant pot.Go green! You can make a difference.9 .What is not mentioned about bottled water in this passage?Alt's healthy. B.It's clean. C.It's easy.D.It's expensive.10 .PIastic products are made from .A.energy B.oilC.rubbishD.plants11 .Which is the best way to deal with used plastic bottles?A.To reuse them.B.To make a piggy bank.C.To make a plant pot.D.To drop them into the river.12 .The underlined part in this passage tells us “"A.To make a different life,you'd better go outside.B.To look different,you better wear green clothes.C.To protect the environment,you can do something.D.To go green,you should use plastic products.解析：本文是一篇说明文。现在人们经常饮用瓶装水，文章分析了瓶装水的好处，但也指出 瓶装水使用了大量的塑料，塑料废弃后会对环境造成污染,建议人们更多地重复使用塑料瓶。9.D 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"Some people think it is healthy and clean.Others drink bottled water because it' s easyyou can carry it around with you.w 可知, 有些人认为瓶装水很健康干净而且容易携带。文章没有提到它很贵。故D项正确。10.B 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"First of all,we need a lot of oil for plastic products.,可知，要生产塑料制品需要使用石油。故B项正确。H.A 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的"If we reused all our plastic bottles,we wouldnJ t need so much space for rubbish dumps.”可知,重新使用塑料瓶是处理塑料污染最 好的方法。12.C解析句意猜测题。根据画线句前可知，我们可以用多种方法重复使用塑料瓶，减少 对环境的污染。如果我们人人努力，就可以保护环境。句中的短语make a difference意为“起 作用，有影响”。故C项正确。Passage JSeveral years ago, when someone used camera covers to protect against possible monitoring, it was not popular to talk about it. Today, people use various types of tapes to cover the web cameras and microphones.There are many types of spyware that can dive into our devices and secretly spy on them, recording everything they do. Such programmes may infect not only computers but also smartphones. Your data may be used by hackers who will try to request money for not exposing your private information or by companies like NSO Group who created a kind of spy ware to “provide authorised governments with technology that helps struggle against terror and crime.In my opinion, the protection technique is highly overestimated. Users tape the cameras and microphones through lack of understanding of how their devices work and how the malware（恶意 软件）works. Hackers and even secret services do not have enough resources to monitor all victims using the cameras or microphones. If they need to get any information, they get it by sending a targeted virus to your device, which will not be stopped by the tapes. Such a virus will find what to steal-from personal photos and videos to passwords from social networks, browser history, bank accounts and so on.It is unwise to believe that attackers will not be able to find a way to spy on you, even if the device, discharged to zero, can still deliver data about your location, using the smartphones of the surrounding people as signal repeaters. Let us face it: we live in an era when it is extremely difficult to hide something and a piece of tape is clearly not the most useful tool in the struggle for your privacy.Again, to be able to spy on you, attackers need to plant the malware in your device. To prevent the malware from entering your device, do not click suspected links and email attachments. Use strong passwords for email, social media and online bank accounts.1 .What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Cameras.B.Types.C.Programmes.D.Devices.2 .What is NSO Group?A. A group of hackers.B.A company devel