2022年中考英语重难点：情态动词表推测练习和讲解.docx

情态动词表推测（含练习和讲解）1. Must表推测的用法（1）表示推测时，意思是"一定、准是"，语气较肯定，较有把握。例如：He must be American. = It is certain that he is American.他准是个美国人。（2 ） must表推测只能用于肯定句。例如：He must know my address.他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）（3 ） must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。例如：He must have a car now.（现在）他一定有辆小汽车。He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。He must have finished the work.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用 It's certain / I'm sure that he will come tomorrow.（4 ）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后 面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。例如：He must be a worker, isn't he?（现在）他准时个工人,是吗?It must have rained last night, didn't it?（过去）昨晚一定下雨了 ,是不是?You must have learned English for many years, haven't you?（完成时）你一定学了好多年英 语，是吗？注意：must的否定形式为mustn（ t,不表示推测，而表示"禁止"例如：You mustn7 t swim in the river.你一定不能在这条河里游泳。2. may和might的用法（1） may和might表示推测时,意思是可能、也许，语气没有must肯定。2 . 一Bill , is the pink umbrella Anna' s?No , it be hers . Hers is purple .A . canB . may notC , wouldD . can' t【答案】D【解析】根据答语可知，Anna的雨伞是紫色的，所以这把粉红色的雨伞不可能是Anna的。3 . 一what is your mother going to do this Saturday?一r m not sale . She go to see my grandmother.A . canB . mustC . may【答案】C【解析】句意：本周六你妈妈要干什么?我说不准，她或许会去看我外婆。can用于肯定 句中表示客观上的可能性；must表示推测时，语气非常肯定；may表示不确定的推测。4 . 一Look at that gidils she Susan?一No . she be Susan . Susan has gone back to her hometown .A . mustnz tB . can' tC . needn7 tD . wouldn' t【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：看那个女孩!她是苏珊吗?不，她不可能是苏珊。苏 珊已经回她的家乡了。表示有把握的否定推测时，应该用can' t。作业一、单项选择。David, don1 t play with the valuable bottle, you break it.A. can' t B. mightC. mustD. canSusan refuses to marry Jack now. She have changed her mind.A. might B. couldC. must D. Can' tSue come together with us tonight, but she isn' t very sure yet.A. mustB. mightC. can' t D.mustnz tAunt Margaret have missed the rain, otherwise she would have arrived here bynow. A. mustB. couldC. can' t D. might5.Look! Our Chinese teacher, Mr Zhang, is playing badminton there.No, it be Mr Zhang,. He has gone to Guangzhou for a meeting.A. can' tB. mustnz tC. shouldn, t D. may not【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：-看，我们的语文老师，张先生正在那打羽毛球。-不，他肯定不是张先生。他 去广州开会了。A.肯定不是；B.禁止；C.不应该；D.可能不。根据句意，应选A。考点：考杳情态动词。6. John isn' t in the classroom. He play soccer on the playground with Bob.canB. mustC. shouldD. can' t7. That not be her husband . She is still single.A. mayB.canC. couldD. might8. 一Tom , where is your father?一r m not sure . He in his office .A . must beB . may beC . maybeD . need be【答案】B【解析】根据I' m not sure可知这里表示不确定的推断。9. 一Whose is the pencil box?It be Tom' s . Look at his name on the cover!A . canB . mayC . mustD . need【答案】C【解析】由Look at his name on the cover!可推知这个铅笔盒一定是汤姆的，must意为一定，表推测。故选C。10. -He be in the classroom, I think.-No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.can; may notB. must; may notC. may; can'tD. may; mustn't答案：AC BAA BBBCC例如：He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American,他可能是个美国人。注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。(2 ) may, might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不"，但不用于疑问句。He may / might not be at home他也许不在家。(3 ) may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。例如：He may / might be sleeping now.(现在)他可能正在睡觉。The boy may / might not be watching TV at home.(现在)这个男孩可能没在家看电视These students may / might have seen the film before.(过去)这些学生以前可能看过这部 电影。(4 ) may, might还可以推测将来的情况。例如：I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain.我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下 了 oShe might not come this afternoon.她今天下午可能不来了。3. Could/couldn, t(1) Could表推测时，推测的把握比较小，可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。可以指将来 的可能性，也可以指现在的可能性。例如：Don' t eat it. It could be poisonous.不要吃它，可能有毒。The plane could be delayed by fog.飞机可能会因为雾晚点。(2 ) could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。例如：Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station?(3 )couldn' t表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。It couldn, t possibly be poison.这不可能是毒药。注：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。例如：You couldn7 t be more wrong.你真是大错特错。I couldn' t be happier.我简直是幸福极了。4. Can/canr t(1) can表示推测时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Can' t "一定不"语气很肯定。例如：He can' t be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home.他一定不在家。(2 ) can，t后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。例如：They can' t be reading in the library.他们一定不在图书馆读书。 He can' t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.他不可能去了上海，我冈!才 还看见他。 It' s so late. Where can she have gone?天晚了 ,她可能去哪儿了呢?(3 )在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的can' t时，疑问部分的助动词应与can' t 后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.例如：He can' t be a teacher, is he?他不是教师，是吗?She can1 t have finished her homework, has she?她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是？5.总结Must:表示肯定推测“一定"，用于肯定句Can，t:表示否定的推测“一定不"，用于否定句Can:询问某种可能“可能”，用于疑问句可能性排列：must > can/could > may/might练习题一、单项选择题. 一Look! The light in Mr. Brown" s office is still on. He be working there.It be him. He has gone to America.A. must; mustn' t B. can; mustn7 tC. must; can' t D. can; can' t【答案】c【解析】试题分析：句意：布朗先生的办公室的灯还亮着，他一定正在正在工作。一不可能是他，他已经去美国了。第一个句子是肯定句表示比较有把握的推测应该有must,翻译成：一定。根据He has gone to America第二个空表示否定的推测，故选Co考点：考查情态动词辨析。2 . Linlin often wears a red skirt. She like red very much.A. must B. can C. would【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：琳琳进场穿红裙子。她一定非常喜欢红色。must一定，表示有把握的推测;can 能，表示能力；would愿意，表示意愿。根据Linlin often wears a red skirt.可知此处有把握推测 她喜欢红色，故选Ao考点：考查情态动词的用法。3 . 一Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening?No, it be her. She to Japan .A . mustn't; has goneB . mustn't; has beenC . can't; has goneD . can't; has been【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词和时态。"今晚杰西卡将作演讲吗？""不，不可能是她。她去日本了。" rnusn, t "禁止，不许"，不能表示推测；can' t "不可能"，表示否定的推测；have gone to "去了某地 还没回来"；have been to "去过某地"。故选C。4 . Will it be sunny this afternoon?一 It fine. Who knows? The weather always changes quickly.A. must be B. will be C. may be D. maybe【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：-今天下午晴天吗。-可能晴朗。谁知道啊？天气总是变化很快。A. must be - 定;B. will be将会;C. may be可能；D. maybe副词，可能。根据句意，应选Co 考点：考查情态动词。5 . Is Jack on duty today?It be him, and it' s his turn tomorrow.A. mustn1 t B. canz t C. won' tD. needn' t【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意为：-今天是杰克值日吗？-不可能是他，明天才轮到他。根据语境可知，这里是 对某事的猜测，肯定的猜测应用must be ,否定的猜测应用can, t beo故应选Bo考点：考查情态动词的用法。6 . The book Harry Potter Mary because J.K.Rowling is her favorite writer.A.must belong tocan' t belong toB. may be【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：这本哈利波特一定属于玛丽，因为JK罗琳是她最喜欢的作家。A.must belong to一定属于，must+动词原形，"一定"，表示对目前情况作肯定的推测;B.can' t belong to 不可能属于，can' t+动词原形，"不可能"，表示否定的推测；C.may be可能是。因为J.K.罗 琳是她最喜欢的作家，所以他的作品一定、可能是他的。某物是某人的：be one' s后跟所有格形 式。C错。故选A。【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析。7 . Mr Zhang , must I hand in my report today?-No . you .A. mustn1 t B . can' t C . needn, t D . may not【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：张老师，我今天必须交报告吗? 不，你不必。A. mustn' t 一定不要； B . can' t不可能；C . needn' t不必；D . may not可能不。回答must一般疑问句，否定回答 一般用needn/ t,故选Co考点：考查情态动词辨析。8 . Excuse me , is this the right way to No.l Middle School?Sorry , F m not sure . But it be .B . needC . mustD . might【答案】D【解析】句意：打扰一下，这就是通往第一中学的路吗?对不起，我也不确定。但或许是 吧。由题意可知答案为D。9 . Look!Peter is playing basketball on the playground .It be Peter. He has gone to Beijing .A . can, tB . mustn' tC . mightD . may【答案】A【解析】句意：看!彼得正在操场上打篮球。不可能是彼得，彼得去北京了。表否定推测时, 用 can' to. 一It nearly took me two hours to walk here .Have a drink then . You be thirsty .A . can' tB . mustC . mustn' tD . can【答案】B【解析】句意：步行到这里花了我将近两个小时。那么喝些东西吧，你肯定渴了。这里表 示非常有把握的推测，应该用musto. （ 2012 江苏扬州）Excuse me , when are we going to have a picnic?F m not sure . Ask our monitor, please . He know .A . needB . canC . mayD . shall【答案】c【解析】由I' m not sure . Ask our monitor, please .我不确定,请问我们的班长吧。可知答 案选C项，意为"也许，可能"，表推测。10 . The dictionary must be Fink' s ,?A . mustn' t itB . must heC . isn' t itD . doesn7 t he【答案】C【解析】当must表示推测，作"一定，准是"讲，变反意疑问句时可首先将句子改为"I am sure+that 从句"，反意疑问部分的动词形式根据be sure后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。本句可改为I'm sure that the dictionary is Fink' s ,故疑问部分用 isn' t ito二、从方框中选择适当的单词填空。might, should, would, must, can't. That boy takes after Mr. Brown. He be his son.1 . - Where is Jim? - Sorry, but he be at school. I saw him in the street just now.2 . I don' t know the way to the post office. What I do?3 .you like to come for dinner?4 ,-I do my homework now? - No, you don' t have to.【答案】1 . Might 2 . can' t 3 . should 4 . Would 5 . Must【解析】1 . might意为"可能"，表示推测的可能性很小。2 . can- t不可能。根据后句"我刚才在大街上看到过他"，故Jim不可能在学校。3 . should意为应该。what should I do我应该怎么做呢？4 . would like to do sth.愿意去做某事。5 .根据答语you don' t have to你不必，可知问句应该问的是我现在必须做作业么? must 用在肯定句中，表示"必须"。当堂检测6 . Some people feel sick when they read a book in a car or on a boat .A . mustB . shouldC . mayD . need【答案】c【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：一些人在车上或船上看书的时候可能会觉得恶心。由此可推断要用情态动词may来表示不确定的推测。