人教版九年级全册英语期末复习知识点总结.docx

人教版九年级全册英语期末复习知识点总结Unit 1 How can we become good learners?【必背短语】1. finish doing sth 完成做某事2. fell in love with sb /sth 爱上某人/某事1. have conversation with sb.同某人谈话2. too.to.太而不能3. the secret to的秘诀4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事5. look up 查阅6. repeat out loud 大声跟读7. make mistakes in在方面犯错误8. connectwith.把和.连接/联系起来9. get bored感到厌烦10. be stressed out 焦虑不安的11. pay attention to 注意；关注12. depend on取决于;依靠13. the ability to do sth.做某事的能力【细节知识点】第1页共55页13. thank about 考虑14. a very small number of.极少数的15. be alone 独处16. give a speech 做演讲【细节知识点】1. it seems that他看起来好像2. Need t。do需要做某事3. make a telephone call 打电话4. save money省钱、存钱5. 问路常用的句子：Do you know where is . ?Can you tell me how can I get to . ?Could you tell me how to get to . ?（2）Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth.表示十分客气地询问 事情Could you tell me how to get to the park?请你告诉我怎么才能去邮 局好吗？上面句子中的how to get to the park是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用 作宾语，但不是宾语从句（这一点要搞清楚，它不是宾语从句），相当于howI can get to the park （宾语从句）I don't know how to solve the problem 二二工 don't know how I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题Can you tell me when to leave? -Can you tell me when I will leave?你能告诉我什么时候离开？第10页共55页6. 日常交际用语：take the elevator / escalator to the . f loor.乘电梯/自动扶梯至.楼 turn left / right 二二 take a left / right 向左/ 右转go straight向前直走（straight这个词经常考）7. next to旁边、紧接着（常见短语）Lily is next to Ann.莉莉就在安的旁边。8. between . and.在和之间（注意和among的区别）Lily is between Ann and Tom.莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间。9. decide to do决定做make a decision做个决定（常见短语）10. Is that a good place to hang out?那是不是一个闲荡的好地方？ 上面句子中的to hang out修饰前面的名词place,是不定式作定语。如There are something to eat.这有吃的东西。句子中的to eat修饰代 词something作定语。11. kind of +adj/adv.译为''有点、一点"（常见短语）She is kind of shy.她有点害羞。12. expensive贵的 反义词 inexpensive不贵的13. crowded拥挤的（这个有时候会考）反义词uncrowded不拥挤的14. take a vacation 二二 go on a vacation 去度假15. dress up 打扮 dress up as 打扮成He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas.他想要打扮成圣诞老人。16. on the beach在海滩上，介词用on17. politely adv.有礼貌地polite adj.有礼貌的第11页共55页18. depend on :根据、依靠、依赖、决定于Living things depend on the sunlight.生物对阳光有依赖性。That depends on how you did it.那决定于你怎样做这件事。19. prefer动词，更喜欢、宁愿。常用的结构有：prefer sth.更喜欢某事工prefer English.我更喜欢英语。prefer doing/ to do 宁愿做某事 I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。prefer sth to sth.同.相比更喜欢.I prefer dogs to cats.与猫相比我更喜欢狗。prefer doing t。doing宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer walking to sitting.我宁愿走路也不愿坐着prefer to do rather than do宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer to work rather than be free.我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。（我再次强调一下，prefer的用法真的很重要，这不是开玩笑）20. on the other hand另一方面（一方面：on one hand .对于这样的短语大家完全可以放在作文中，这样可以使文章增色不少）21. .把借给某人:lend sb. sth. = lend sth to sb.（反义词: borrow.from.)Lily lent me her book 二二 Lily lent her book to me .莉莉把她的书借给了我。22. such as 例如23. I'm sorry to do sth.对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。24. in a way在某种程度说25. in order to为了，表目的。He got up early in order to catch the first bus.他起早床，是为了赶上头班公共汽车。第12页共55页26. 同级比较：QS.QSas +形容词/副词原级+ as ,表示"和一样的和一样的.”He works as hard as we.他工作和我们同样努力。Unit4 I used to be afraid of the dark【必背短语】1. be more interested in 对更感兴趣.2. on the swim team游泳队的队员.3. be terrified of 害怕.4. gym class 体操课.5. worry about 担心.6. all the time 一直,总是7. chat with与闲聊8. hardly ever几乎从不9. walk to school 二go to school on foot 步行去上学take the bus to school 二go to school by bus乘车去上学10. as well as不仅而且【细节知识点】第13页共55页1 . used to do sth.过去常常做某事be used to doing sth 习惯做某事be used to do sth被使用去做某事如：He used to play football after school.放学后他过去常常踢足球。2 .反意疑问句（原则，前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定） 肯定陈述句+否定提问如：Lily is a student, isn't she?否定陈述句+肯定提问如：She doesn't come from China, does she?提问部分用代词而不用名词如：Lily is a student, isn't she?陈述句中含有否定意义的词如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等，其 反意疑问句用肯定式（对于第四点大家不要忽视，尤其是列举的这几个词，出 题的时候经常遇到，对于下面的两个例子大家要仔细看一下，要把这个知识点 彻底搞懂）。He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗?They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？3. be interested in sth.对感兴趣be interested in doing sth.对做感兴趣（对于这两个用法大家一定要掌握， 切记切记）如:He is interested in math, but he isn't interested in speaking English, interested adj.感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人 interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物类似的这种形容词还有很多，比如excited exciting等，ed结尾的一般主语指 人,inq结尾的一般主语是物4. be terrified of sth.害怕.如：工 am terrified of the dog.be terrified of doing sth.害怕做 如：工 am terrified of speaking.5. walk to somewhere :步行到某处spend动词，表示"花费金钱、时间"（spend和pay for它们的主语都是人， 这一点大家要清楚）spend.on sth.在某事上花费（金钱、时间）（重要考点）spencL.doing sth.花费（金钱、时间）去做某事（重要考点，尤其要注第14页共55页意动名词，也就是动词的inq形式，很容易出现在选择题中）He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。Pay for :花费 如：I pay 10 yuan for the book.我花了 10 元买这本书。take :动词，有"花费"的意思，常用的结构有：take sb.to do sth.花费某人多长时间做什么事（在这个用法中，主语经常 是it ,这一点要清楚，大家仔细看一下下面的例子）。It takes me a day to read the book.cost的主语必须是somethingchat with sb.与某人闲聊工like to chat with him.我喜欢和他聊天。6. worry about sb./ sth.担心某人/某事（重要考点，大多考它的意思）, be worried about sb./sth.担心某人/某事,worried 是形容词如：Don't worry about him.不用担心他。7. all the time 一直、始终take sb. to +地方：送/带某人去某个地方如：A person took him to the hospital.一个人把他送到了医院。8. hardly adv.几乎不、没有。hardly修饰动词时,通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前， 助动词/情态动词+hardly ; hardly +实义动词如：I can hardly understand them.我几乎不能够明白他们。9. in the last few years.在过去的几年内，常与完成时连用I have lived in China in the last few years.在过去的几年内我在中国住。10. be different from与不同（常见考点，考的最多的是它的意思，大家只 需要记住它的意思，做题的时候具体问题再具体分析即可）how to swim :怎样游泳不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定式短语。The question is when to start.问题是什么时候开始。11. make sb./ sth. + 形容词 make you happymake sb./ sth. + 动词原形make him laugh这个知识点很重要，使役动词后面+sb+do sthmove to + 地方：搬到某地如：工 moved to Beijing last year.12. it seems that +从句看起来好像（重要考点）如：It seems that he has changed a lot.看起来他好像变了许多。第15页共55页13. help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人（注意介词With ,在某方面帮助要用这个介词）help sb. （to ） do sth.帮某人做某事（to经常省略） She helped me with English,她帮助我学英语。She helped me （to ） study English.她帮助我学习英语。14. fifteen-year-old :作形容词,15 岁的。（有一点要提醒大家，中间的year用的是单数）fifteen years old 指年龄,15 岁。15. can't afford to do sth.支付不起16. as +形容词/副词+ as sb+could/can尽某人的能力如：Zhou run as fast as her could/can,她尽她最快的能力去跑。17. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦18. in the end 最后19. make a decision :下决定,下决心20. to one's surprise :令某人惊讶（往往出现在完型中，让我们填surprise ）21. take pride in sth.以.而自豪如:22. pay attention to sth.对.注意，留心 如：You must pay attention to your friend.你应该多注意你的月月友。28.be able to do sth 能够做某事28 .give up doing sth 放弃做某事29 ©no more =no longer 不再I play tennis no more.我不再打网球。not .any more = not .any longer 如:I don't play tennis any longer.我不再打网球。Urdt5 What are the shirts made of ?第16页共55页【必背短语】be made of由制造1. be made in 在制造environmental protection 环境保护2. be famous for以而著名be produced in 在生产3. be known for以闻名as far as I know 据我所知4. pick by hand手工采摘send for 发送5. avoid doing sth 避免做某事everyday things 日用品【细节知识点】What are the shirts made of?衬衫是由什么制成的？这句话中有are made是被动语态1. It was made in Thailand.它是在泰国制造的。make in + 地点2. No matter what you made buyzyou might think those products were made in those countries.no matter what 无论是什么Laura didn't know that kite flying could be so exciting, made of由制（构）成，后接构成某物质的原料。例：This skirt is made of silk.这件裙子是用丝绸制成的。be made of/f rom/up of 的区另Ube made of表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么保留原材料 的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化。例：The kite is made of paper .风筝是用纸做的。be made from表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征， 或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。例：The paper is made from wood .纸是木头做的。Butter is made from milk .黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。be made up of用构成或组成的,指人、物皆可,指结构成分。第17页共55页例：Our class is made up of six groups.我们班是由六个小组组 成的。5. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea. 句型工t seems that"意为"看起来好像/似乎:其中seem是连系动词,意为"似乎；好像：句型中的it是形式主语，不能用其他代词来替代。例：It seems that he was late for the train.看来他没赶上火车。seem的几种常见结构：(1) seem to do sth 此句型可与"It seems that，转换。彳列:They seem to find the way to the cinema.二工t seems that they find the way to the cinema.他们似乎找到了去电影院的路了。(2 ) seem+形容词例：My temperature seems (to be) all right.我的体温看上去正常了。(3 ) seem+名词例：That seems not a bad idea.看上去主意不错。6. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing in factory.此句是由when引导的时间状语从句, are picked, are sent都是一般现在时 的被动结构。7. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.此句为由n。matter +特殊疑问词弓|导的让步状语从句。意为"无论，相当于 whatever。彳列：No matter what I said to her, she still didn't believe me.8. find out,查出，找到。指有目的，经过一定努力才找到。find, find out 与 look for find , find out 和 look for 都含有"寻找、找到” 的意思，但其含义和用法却不同。find意为"找到、发现"，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，也可指偶然发 现某物或某种情况，强调的是找的结果。He didn't find his bike.他没找到他的自行车。look for意为"寻找"，是有目的地找，强调"寻找"这一动作。I don't find my pen , Tm looking for it everywhere.我没有找到我的钢笔， 我正到处找。find out意为"找出、发现、查明"，多指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究 之后“搞清楚、弄明白，通常含有“经过困难曲折的含义，指找出较难找到的、第18页共55页无形的、抽象的东西。例：Please find out when the train leaves.请查一下火车什么时候离站。本单元主要语法点般现在时态的被动结构及用法一、概念理解其实就是一般现在时与被动语态用在同一个句子之中。英语句子中都同时存在语态时态，他们是分析一个英语句子的两个主要元素。He is looking after his sister at home.此句为现在进行时的主动语态 He is being looked after well by his parents.（此句为现在进行时的 被动语态结构）说明：我们以前所学的各种时态的结构其实都时主动语态的各种时态结构。二、被动语态最基本的句型结构：be +及物动词过去分词说明：、be有时态，人称和数的变化。、被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词；因为被动句中的主语是动作 的承受者,某些短语动词如 look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。三、被动语态的使用.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。 nMr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class."（只是 告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的）。1 .突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。如： The cup was broken by Paul.2 .当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常 用in +名词作状语，而代替by短语。如：These cars were made in China.四、主动语态变被动语态的变法：主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。1 .把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be +过去分词，时态要与原句保持 一致。3 .把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后， by短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in +地点名 词作状语。第19页共55页1. Just read quickly to get the main ideas这句话中t。get是动词不定式做目的状语，这种用法大家一定要注意2. everyone is born with the ability to learnbe born with 出声这句话之中to learn是动词不定式做定语，修饰前面的名词ability3. by + doing :通过方式其实不光是by,而且很多介词后面都要用名词形式，大家一定要记住这个规则！4. talk about谈论,议论,讨论talk to sb二 talk with sb 与某人说话5. a lot许多，常用于句末表示强调。如：工eat a lot.我吃了许多。6. too.to :太而不能常用：1。+形容词/副词+ t。do sth.如：I'm too tired to do anything.我太累了，什么都不想做。7. aloud, loud与loudly的用法,三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。aloud是副词，通常放在动词之后。loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词 连用，多用于比较级，须放在动词之后。如：She told us to speak a little louder,她让我们说大声一点。budly是副词，与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,可位于动词之前或 之后。如：He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public,他不当众大声谈笑。8. not .at all 一点也不,根本不如：工 like milk very much,工 don't like coffee at all.我非常喜欢牛奶， 我一点也不喜欢咖啡。第2页共55页Unit6 When was it invented ?【必背短语】by accident偶然地；意外地1. without doubt毫无疑问的；的确by mistake错误地；无意中2. look up to钦佩;仰慕take place发生;出现3. all of a sudden 突然;猛地divideinto把分开4. the Olympics奥林匹克运动会the style of的样式5. be used for被用于【细节知识点】1. invent v.发明 inventor n.发明家 invention n.发明，可数名词be used for doing ,用来做（是被动语态）（这个短语的考点有两点，一是used for的意思,二是for后面用动名词） Pens are used for writing.笔是用来写的。2. 给某人某样东西give sth. to sb. I gave a pen to him.我给他一支笔。 give sb. sth. I gave him a pen.我给他一支笔。3. all day 整天salty adj.咸的 salt n.盐4. by mistake 错误地（犯错是：make mistake ,这些常见的短语大家务必要掌握）I took the umbrella by mistake.我不小心拿错了雨伞。5. make sb./sth+形容词：使怎么样It made me happy.它使我高兴make sb./sth+名词：it做It made me laugh.它让我发笑6. by accident意外，偶然（常见短语，考的最多的是它的意思）I met her by accident at bus stop.我在公共汽车站意外地见到了她。第20页共55页7. not.until.直到才（重中之重，这个用法非常重要！经常出现在选择题中）I didn't go to bed until I finished my work,我直到完成我的工作才去睡觉。8. according to + 名词：根据according to this article 根据这篇文章over an open fire 里予饮9. leaf n.叶子 复数形式leavesnearby adj.附近的10. fall into 落入，掉进 The leaf fell into the river.叶子落入了河里。 fall down 摔倒 She fell down from her bike,她从她自行车摔倒了。11. quite非常adv.与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的后面quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩in the way 这样12. pleased adj.表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快 pleasant adj.愉快,高兴。指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快please v.使高兴，使同意13. battery-operated adj.电池控制的, 是名词+动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词14. in the sixth century 在第 6 世纪15. travel around 周游more than = over 超过（相比较，more than 更重要）more than 300 二二 over 300：超过 300including .包括。可以与名词和动名词连用Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6 个人包括一个小孩受伤了。16. have been played 被上演，是现在完成时的被动语态，现在完成时的被动语态的结构：have /has been + 过去分局。17. be born出生（常见短语）He was born in Canada.他在力口拿大出生18. safety n.安全 safe adj.安全的knock into 撞上（某人）19. divide sth. into，将划分成,通常指将一个整体分成对应相对的部分 Let's divide ourselves into 4groups.让我们把我们自己划成 4 组。20. since then自从那以后。常与完成时态连用Since then, I have left Beijing.自从那以后，我已经离开了北京。第21页共55页本单元主要语法点般过去时态的被动结构及用法被动语态(1)被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。(2 )被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词(如果是不及物动词，其过 去分词应带有相应的介词)(3 )被动语态中的be是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。一般现在时的被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词般过去时的被动语态为：was/were+过去分词与情态动词连用的被动语态：情态动词+ be +过去分词(关于被动语态,大家一定要熟悉，这个在中考的时候属于是必考内容，而且是重点内容)(4 )被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语,放在句末，by表 示”由，被的意思，如何理解被动语态?为了更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以将主动语态和被动语态的 句子结构进行比较。主动语态：主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他成分被动语态：主语+be+过去分词+by+宾语+其他成分 如:Many people speak English.被动语态：English is spoken by many people.Unit7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes【必背短语】1. be allowed to do sth.被允许干allow sb. to do sth.允许某人干allow doing sth.允许干2. sixteen-year-olds =sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16 岁的孩子3. part-time jobs 兼职工作4. a drivers license 驾照5. on weekends 在周末第22页共55页6. at that age在那个年龄段on school nights在上学期间的每个晚上7. stay up 熬夜clean up （相当与及物动词）清扫8. fail （in ） a test 考试不及格take the test 参力口考试9. the other day 前几天all my classmates我所有的同学10. concentrate on 全神贯注于be good for又寸有益11. in groups成群的,按组get noisy吵闹（系表结构）12. learn from向某人学习at present 目前,现在13. have an opportunity to do sth.有做的机会【细节知识点】1. I dont think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.我认为不应该允许12岁的孩子穿耳孔。复合形容词出现，大家记住有一名词不加s ,没有横去掉sThey talk instead of doing homework.他们聊天而不是做作业。大家记住instead of和instead的区别He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm.允许他们熬到晚上 3 点。until引导的从句记住遵循主将从现的原则We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.情态动词+被动语态是本单元的语法2. Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有这样我才 能实现我的梦想。0nly做主语，句子永倒装，这是一个比较偏的知识点They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much a s they want.应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间。as much as they want尽可能多的他们想要的，记住这个结构第23页共55页【细节知识点】allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night.妈妈允许我每晚看电视。be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事（被动语态） 如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou.莉莉被允许去钦州。1. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞get sth. done （过去分词）：让/使（别人）做某事2. enough 足够形容词+enough （这一点还是比较容易出题的）如：beautiful enough足够 11 1 /示 TTJenough+名词 如：enough food足够食物stop doing sth.停止正在做的事Please stop speaking.请停止说话。stop to do sth.停止一件事去做另一件事Please stop to speak.请停下来说话。3. it seems that +从句；看起来好像It seems that he feels very sad.他看起来好像很伤心。6. 系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。俗称：系表结构常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste