备战2023年高考英语语法填空二 近八年各地高考语法真题汇编+名校模拟强化练习(解析版).docx

专题02备桢2023年高考英语语法填空近八年各地高考语法真题汇编+名校模拟强化练习(解析版)2021年高考真题篇I(2021 .新高考卷H卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I've always loved the ocean. In the 1 (seven) grade,! started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 2 (think)it is food.I decided to do something 3 (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company 4 used a lot of plastic, Fd send it an email urging it to cut back.One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸 管).I found the contact information of the company 5 emailed its president. I told him how 6 (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so 7 (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to 8 (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company 9 (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 10 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.【答案】1 .sevenththinking2. to educatewhich/that3. andharmful4. excitedwas5. representativefrom【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。1.考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。表示“七年级”用序数 词，所以填seventh 07 .考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名 词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。8 .考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词 来修饰名词aid , finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。9 .考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语 动词range可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填Activities.10 .考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固 定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是二故填to haveo6(2021.浙江)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数)across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 2 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 3 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 254 (consider) healthy.The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 52. 1 in women andmen. In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described "striking changes in the geography of BML Tn 1985 , urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 7 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 (live) in the countryside, including 10 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.【答案】l.andthat/which2. person'sis considered3. bywas4. Studiedsharply5. livinglower【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区 的体重指数（BMI ）增加了，并分析了其中的原因。1 .考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们 体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier 和 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是 found 引导的宾语从句,是并 列关系，故填and0.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMT是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。 分析句子结构可知，口。1是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。2 .考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重（公斤）除以身高（米）的平方，BMI在19到25 之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰weight的,用person的名词所有格person。故 填 person's。3 .考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重（公斤）除以身高（米）的平方，BMI在19到 25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI ）是单数，时态是一般现在时 且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered）,.考查介词。句意：研究发现,1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了 2.1。increase by表示“增加了" ； increase t。表示增加到,根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9 ）可知，increase by符 合语境，故填by。4 .考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了 1.3 ,男性增加了 1.6。分析句子结构 可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain ）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填waso.考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于 农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had ,所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主 语是countries ,表被动关系，故填studied。5 .考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知， sharp是要修饰动词narrow ,用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharplyo.考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平 较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be ,故live用 非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people ,表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。6 .考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水 平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，including说明的是一些不利条件 且后面有higher和fewer ,是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故填lowero2021题组(改编版)1(2021.新高考卷II卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I've always loved the ocean. In 1 seventh grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset 2(learn) that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, thinking it is food.I 3(decide) to do something to educate people about this problem. I held 4(presentation)at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company which used a lot of plastic, Fd send it an email urging it to cut back.One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸 管).I found the contact information of the company and emailed 5(it) president. I told him 6harmful plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider 7(use) more eco-friendly options.I was so excited when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the 8(big)companies I wrote 9 was Alaska Airlines Paris. A company representative wrote back 10 told methe airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.【答案】1.theto learn2. decided 4. presentations 5 .itshow6. using 8. biggest 9. to 10.and【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。1 .考查冠词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。表示“七年级”用冠词修 饰序数词，所以填定冠词theo.考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，其结构为be upset to do sth.2(learn) that many sea animals eat plastic garbage,用作原因状语，用不定式 , 所以填 to learn2 .考查谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，decide用作谓语动词， 故答案为decided。3 .考查名词。句意：我在学校举行演讲，向孩子们讲授塑料垃圾的知识。分析句子结构，I held4(presentation) at schools to teach kids about plastic waste.可知，presentation 作 held 的宾语，故答 案为 presentations,4 .考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。修饰 president,作定语故答案为its。5 .考查关系词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的 感叹句，how之后接形容词harmful ,所以填howo.考查动名词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该空作consider的宾 语，根据固定搭配，consider doing sth.故答案为using。6 .考查形容词。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。one of +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数，故答案为biggest。7 .考查介词。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。该空考查动词+介词的用法。根据句意可知，write to sb.故答案为介词too.考查并列连词。句意：一位公司代表回信并告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成 纸杯。并列两个谓语动词，故答案为and。2(2021 .全国卷)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It doesn't impress like George Washington*s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, has proved irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully 1(restore )to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they2(buy) it for $ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser,3 performed their marriage ceremonyin 1842.When the house was built, it was much smaller 4 it is today. Mary's niece wrote, nThe little homepainted white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was 5(extreme) pretty, and her house was areflection of herself, everything in good taste 6 in perfect order.Although Mary loved flowers, neither she nor her husband was known 7 a gardener. A long- timeneighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year.8(Mary) sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over to plant flowers in the front yard.The Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 9(meet) the needs of their growingfamily. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln 10(elect) President of the US in1861, they rented the house and sold most of their furniture.【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子 的变迁历史。1 .考查非谓语动词。句意：这座房子被漂亮地修复成1860年的样子，是亚伯拉罕和玛丽-林肯生活了 17 年的家。此处考查非谓语动词作状语的用法，restore与the house之间构成被动关系，故填restored。2 .考查谓语动词。句意：1844年，他们以120。美元的价格从查尔斯彳惠莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些 土地，查尔斯彳惠莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查谓语动词，they与buy之间 构成主动关系，故填boughto.考查关系代词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯彳惠莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些 土地，查尔斯德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。分析句子结构可知 3 performed theirmarriage ceremony in 1842.此句缺少关系代词，指代 Charles Dresser ,故填 who.3 .考查比较级+than的用法。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much smaller可知，此 处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than ,故填than0.考查副词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。分析句子结 构可知，设空处作状语修饰形容词pretty ,故用副词修饰，故填extremely。4 .考查连词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。分析句子结 构可知 in good taste 6 in perfect order为并列关系，故填 and0.考查介词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查结 构be known as ,意为作为.而出名。故填as08-考杳名词所有格。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝托德华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空 处作定语，故填Mary's。9 .考查非谓语动词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的 需要。根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词meet的不定式形式为to meet0 故填 to meeto10 .考查被动语态。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成 分可知，设空处作谓语动词elect与Lincoln构成被动关系，根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时 态，故填 was electedo3(2021 全国卷甲卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Xi'an City Wall is 1 most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It was built2(original) to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).3is possible to walk or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We 4(access) the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can seestreams of people 5(move) inside and outside the City Wall.After spending some time looking at all the defensive 6(equip) at the wall, we decided it was timefor some action and what better than to ride on a piece 7 history!We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job. It took us about 3 hours 8(go) all the way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in twohours, but we stopped at the different gates 9 watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the localpeople going about 10(they) daily routines.【答案】1.theoriginally2. Itaccessed3. movingequipment7.ofto go8. andtheir【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。1 .考查冠词。句意：西安城墙是在中国漫长的历史中幸存下来的最完整的城墙。most complete city wall0分析句子可知，设空处应为定冠词，故填the。2 .考查副词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表 示应用副词修饰谓语动词，故填originally。3 .考查代词。句意：可以步行或骑自行车走完全部14公里。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth " , it为形式主语，故填ite.考查动词。句意：我们通过南门进入城墙。分析句子可知，此处access作谓语动词，讲述过去发生的 事情，故填accessedo4 .考查非谓语动词。句意：城墙有12米高，从这里可以看到城墙内外川流不息的人群。考查see +宾语+ doing结构，故答案为moving。5 .考查名词。句意：在花了一些时间看完城墙上的所有防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了， 还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢?分析句子可知，此处为名词，故填equipment.6 .考查介词。句意：在花了一些时间看完城墙上的所有防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了， 还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢?分析句子可知，此处考查固定搭配a piece of ,故填ofo.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。考查固定句式it takes/took sb. Some time to do sth,故填 to goo7 .考查连词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只 是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意可知the different gates 9 watchtowers为并列关系，故填 and。8 .考查形容词性物主代词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来 拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines作定语，修饰名词。故填their。4(2021.新高考卷I卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me 1 the popular Beatles5 song'The Long and Winding Road”. What is so breathtaking about the experience 2(be) the out-of-this-world scenes. The 3(roll) sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are.The hot spring at 4 foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will undoubtedly help you get 5(refresh)! The amazing thing about the spring is that the 6(cold) thetemperature gets, the hotter the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is always leaving us astonished.What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help 7(wonder) how hard it was for thepeople then 8(put) all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place 9_ you can sit down to rest your achinglegs.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”,10_ it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in mine.While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!【答案】l.ofis2. rollingthe3. refreshedcolder4. wonderingto put5. whereand【答案与解析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物云海，温泉以及台阶。1 .考查介词。句意：去黄山让我想起了披头士的流行歌曲漫长而曲折的路。考查动词固定搭配 remind sb. of sth .故填 of。2 .考查动词。句意：让人叹为观止的是这一经历中的世外桃源。分析句子可知What is so breathtaking about the experience为主语从句，提示词作谓语，故填is。3 .考杳形容词。句意：你在山顶看到的连绵不断的云海会提醒你，我们人类是多么渺小。The 3(roll) sea of clouds ,为名词短语，缺少定语，故填rolling。4 .考查冠词。句意：山脚下的温泉是你在登山后必须尝试的。考查短语at the foot of在脚下，故填 theo.考查形容词。句意：这无疑会让你神清气爽!此处get为系动词，故应用形容词作表语，故填refreshed.5 .考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the +比较级,加+比较级”,意为“越越二故填colder。6 .考查非谓语动词。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。考查can1 help doing sth.情不自禁做。故填wondering。7 .考查非谓语。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。how hard it was for the people then 8(put) all those rocks into place.考查句式 it is/was adj for sb. to do sth. 0 故填 toputo考查连词。句意：虽然它是你上山途中唯一不自然的东西，但它仍然突出了整个冒险过程，并提供 了一个可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿的地方。分析句子可知，you can sit down to rest your aching legs.作定语 修饰a place ,定语从句缺少状语需要关系副词引导，故填where。10.考查连词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路”永远不会消失、它将永远留在游客的记忆 中。分析句子可知，this long and winding road “will never disappear”与 it will always stick in the visitor's memory为并列关系，故用并列连词ando5(2021 .全国卷乙卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from1_(tradition) tourism because it allows the traveler 2(become) educated about the areas -both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits 3 development of the local areas.Ecotourism has its origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not 4(wide) accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it 5(desire).Due to the growing 6(popular) of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types oftrips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of visiting the place. Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. Provide financial aid and other benefits for local peoples. Make sure that the tourism 7(provide)experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National Park, officially 8(recognize) in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of_(it) unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching 10 hiking(远 足)and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】1. traditionalto become2. thewidely3. desirablepopularity4. providesrecognized5. itsto各地名校模拟强化练习（2022重庆市育才中学高三期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式。Seen as "national tre