新人教版英语七年级上学期各单元必考的复习知识点.docx
Starter UnitlGood morning.1. .早上(上午)/下午/晚上好。Good morning/aftemoon/evening.答语也相同。在熟人或家人之间可省略good。熟人之间的问候可加上称呼语,称呼语放在问候语之后且用 逗号隔开。如:Good morning , class!同学们,早上好! Good night!晚安(晚间告 别用语)2. Hello, Frank!你好,弗兰克。3. A: How are you?你(身体)好吗?8: (I' m) fine/Very well/I ' m OK. Thank you./Thanks.Howare you? / Andyou?我很好。谢谢。你呢?A: (I ' m) fine/OK, too.我也很好。4. thanks = thank you 谢谢HB (铅笔芯)硬黑CD光盘BBC英国广播公司Starter Unit2 What ' s this in English?1. What' s this/that? 这 / 那是什么?It' s a/an + 单数物品 (不说 This/That is .)What' s this/that? 这 / 那是什么?一It' s a ruler.(这 / 那是)直尺。1) What' s this/that? 这 / 那是什么?It' s an apple. (这 / 那是)苹果。2. What ' s this/that in English?这/ 那用英语怎么说?It ' s a/an + 单数物品(不说 This/That is .)What ' s this in English? 这用英语怎么说?It ' s a jacket. 夹克衫Yes, they are. 是的,这些(它们)是。No, they aren t. They are hers. 不,这些(它们)不是。这些是她的(书)。2) Are those her keys?那些是她的钥匙吗?Yes, they are. 是的,那些(它们)是。No, they aren ' t. They are mine. 不,那些(它们)不是。那些是我的(书)。aren ' t = are notExcuse me.请原谅/打扰了(客套语,用于问别人问题、请别人帮忙、打断别 人说话等场合。)Sorry/I m sorry. “对不起,抱歉”(用于向别人表示歉意)Excuse me. Where is my pen? 打扰了,我的钢笔在那?A: Sorry/I ' m sorry, I don ' t know. 对不起,我不知道。4. What / how about ? “ 怎么样? ”“ 又如何呢? "。后接名词,代词或动名词。1)向对方提出建议或请求。例如:How about going out for a walk?出去散散步好吗?What about another cake?再吃块蛋糕好吗?2)征询对方的看法或意见。例如:What about her playing the violin?(你认为)她的小提琴拉的怎么样?What about the TV play?那个电视剧怎么样?3)询问天气或身体等情况。例如:What about the weather in your home town?你们家乡的气候如何?How about your uncle now? You can ' t leave him by himself.你叔叔近来身体好吗?你们不能单独让他生活。4)寒暄时用作承接上下文的转折语。例如:I am from Beijing. What about you?我是北京人,你呢?5)对所陈述的情况做出反诘,常给予对方一种暗示。例如:My memory is good. I ' ve never forgotten anything.我的i己忆力很好, 从 不忘记什么。What about that time you left your key to the office at home?那次你将 办公室的钥匙忘在家里算是怎么回事呀?5. thanks / thank you for. 因 而感谢for是介词,后接n/pron/v-ing. (名词、代词、动名词)Thanks for the photo of your family.谢谢你的全家福照片。Thanks for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。6. 如何用英语表示感谢1)表示感谢的常用套语:It's very kind of you. Thank 你太好 了,多谢你了。you.谢谢你。Thank you very much.非常感谢。Thank you very much indeed.真是太感谢你了。Thanks.谢谢。Thanks a lot. 多谢。Thanks very much. 非常感谢。Thanks so much. 非常感谢。Many thanks, 多谢。2)回答感谢的常用答语:Not at all. 别客气;不用谢;哪儿的话。You are welcome.不用谢。That 'sail right. 没什么;不用谢。That 'sOK.没什么;不用谢。Please don ' t mention it. 不用客气;不用谢。It s It was a pleasure.不用客气;不用谢。A pleasure.不用客气;不用谢。It is ( was ) my pleasure. 别客气,这是我高兴做的。My pleasure.不客气,这是我高兴做的事。No problem.不客气;不用谢。It 's It was nothing.没什么;不客气。8. How do you spell.?你怎么拼写/读?A: How do you spell“red ” ?B:R-E-D.用于询问或要求对方拼写单词的表达方式还有:Spell it, please.请把它拼写出来。Can you spellit, please?请把它拼写出来好吗?你知道它如何拼写吗?Do you know how to spell it?9. ask for . 请求 /要 如:I ' H ask for two pencils.我将要两支铅笔。ask sb for sth向某人请求/要某物 ask the teacher for help向老师求助call sb at +电话号码:“拨打 号码找某人”Call Alan at 495-3539. 拨打 495-3539 找艾伦E-mail me at . (请)给我 这个邮箱发邮 件。1)at放在电子邮箱的地址或电话号码等前面,表示“根据;按照”是1的缩写,读作前的实心点读作dot。10. I must find it.我必须找到它。11. a set of. 一套 / 副/串a set of keys 一 串钥匙a set of.作句子的主语时,应看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。如:A set of keys is on the desk.有串钥匙在桌子上。12. Is that your computer game in the lost and found case?那个在失物招领箱里的电子游戏机是你的吗?in the lost and found case在失物招领箱里Unit4 Where ' s my backpack?1.谈论物品的位置Where , s +单数物品?t' s+介词短语.Where are + 复数物品? They ' re +介词短语.1) Where ' s the baseball? Its in the backpack.棒球在哪?在背包里。2) Where ' s my computer game? It ? s under the bed.我的电子游戏机在哪?在床 下面。3) Where are your books? They ' re on the chair. 你的书在哪?在椅子上。4) Where are the keys?They' re on the dresser.钥匙在哪?在梳妆台上。名词前已有作定语的this, that, my, your, some, any, each, every等代词,则不用冠词。2. 表位置的介词on在上(两者相接触)in 在 里under在 下面(正下方)3. Come on, Jack! 快点儿,杰克! = Hurry (up), Jack!4. Gina' s books are everywhere. 吉娜的书到处都是。5. I don t know.我不知道。6. take sb/sth to +地点:把某人/某物带到某地。take "带走,拿走”表示从近处带到远处,从说话者的地方带到别的地方。7. Can you bring some things to school?你能带些东西到学校吗?bring “带来,拿来”表示从远处带到近处,从别的地方带到说话者的地方。8. some 和 any (些)some 一般用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句2)在表示请求、建议、征求意见等委婉语气的疑问句中,用 some而不 any o 用Can you bring some things to school?你能带些东西到学校吗?Would you like some apples?你想要一些苹果吗?9. on the wall 与 in the wall (在墙上)on the wallon the wall图画、黑板、风筝等“在墙上”,是因为它们在墙的表面,故用in the wallin the wall门窗、钉子、洞、孔等“在墙上”,是因为它们在墙的里面,故用名词所有格在英语中,当我们表达“我的”“你的” “他的”时,用代词 my, your, his 等。如果要表示“某个(些)人的”时,可以在某个(些)人后加's来表示所有关系,这种形式我们称为所有格。如Mike的父亲:Mike' s father,我妈妈的名字:my mother ' s name构成:1)单数名词加's.2)以s结尾的复数名词加'读音不变。the teachers ' room(老师们的房间)表共同所有,在最后一个名词后加s”。Jim and Tom ' s mother吉姆和汤姆的母亲(共同所有)表各自所有,在每个名词后加“'s”Jim' s room and Tom ' s room are both big.吉姆的房间和汤姆的房间都很大。(各自所有)Unit5 Do you have a soccer ball?1. Do you have.? Yes, I do. /No, I don ' t.你有吗?是的,我有。/不,我没有。Do they have.?Yes, they do. /No, they don' t.Does he have.?Yes, he does. /No, he doesn' t.,匕在一般现在时中,句子的谓语动词若是实义动词,常借助助动词do或does来构成否定句或疑问句。does用于主语是第三人称单数的句子中,其他情况用 doodo/does1)作助动词,帮助构成一般现在时的否定句或疑问句,无意义。Do you have a soccer ball?你有足球吗?I don ? I know.我不知道。Does Jim have a sister?吉姆有妹妹吗?What does he like?他喜欢什么?He doesn t like English.他不喜欢英语。2)作实义动词,“做,干”。I do my homework every day.我每天都做家庭作业。Bob does his homework every day. 鲍勃每天都做家庭作业。3)在一般现在时中,do/does可用来替代上文出现过的动词,以避免重复。Do you have a soccer ball?你有足球吗? Yes, I do. 是的,我有。(do 代 have )Does she have an eraser? Yes, she does.I don ' t have a soccer ball, but my brother Alan does.我没有足球,但我的哥哥艾伦有。2. Let' s do sth. “(让)我们做某事吧。”表示建议。(let ? s = let us) 肯定回答一般用That sounds good.(那听起来很好)/0K.好的/ All right. 好的/ Great. 好极了 / Good idea. 好主意否定回答一般用sorry, I.4. let sb. do sth.让某人作某事5. We' re late!5. We' re late!我们迟到了!be late for迟到不要上学迟到。Don' t be late for school.6. play+球类名词:打/踢 球(注意:球类运动不用冠词) play ping-pong/basketball/volleyball/tennis/soccersound1)连系动词,“听起来”,后接形容词作表语。That story sounds very interesting.那故事听起来很有趣。2)名词“声音”(泛指自然界中的各种声音)。The sound is too loud.声音太大了。我们和我们的朋友在学校踢。7. We play it at school with our friends,at school 在学校1) with “和;与;跟在一起”It' s easy for me.这对我来说挺容易的。for的用法1)供用,给的Is this apple for me?这个苹果是给我的吗?Here is a letter for your mother.这儿有你妈妈的一封信。2)作用(表用途)Do you need bags for sports?你需要运动包吗?I need a cup for milk.我需要一个装牛奶的杯子。3)就而言,对于来说For lunch, I like hamburgers and salad.For girls, we have T-shirts in all colors. 衫。4)以的价格(表交换、价格)You can buy socks for only 5 dollars each.5) for oneself 亲自午饭我喜欢汉堡和沙拉。女孩子们可以买到各种颜色的 T恤你可以买到每双只卖5美元的袜子。Come and see for yourself.你亲自来看看吧。10. sports club 体育俱乐部sport “运动”,修饰名词时,总是用复数形式。sports meeting 运动会; sports shoes 运动鞋11. play/do sports 做运动12. watch TV 看电视on TV/on the radio/on the computer/on the phone在电脑上/在电上电子产品上用介词on。13. every day 每天She plays sports every day.她每天都做运动。everyday日常的everyday English日常英语在电视上/在收音机上/15. after class下课后after school放学后16. 辨析 interesting 与 interestedinteresting可作表语,指某人/事/物本身有趣;也可作定语修饰人或物 The book is interesting.这书很有趣。(作表语)(D I have an interestingbook.我有本有趣的书。(作定语)1) interested 用于 be/get/become interested in(对感 兴趣 )这一结构中。He is interested in playing football.他对踢足球感兴趣。17 .时态概说在英语中,不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态,要用不同的动词形式来表示,这种 表 示动作发生时间的各种动词形式称为时态。I am 14 this year. 今年我 14 岁。I was 13 last year. 去年我 13 岁。He plays soccer every day.他每天都踢足球。He played soccer yesterday.昨天他踢足球了。时态包括两方面的因素,一为“时”即时间,一为“态”即方式。从时间上看,英语 时态有现在、过去、将来、过去将来之分;从方式上看,每一时间内的动作表现方式 又有一般、进行、完成、完成进行之别。动词表示的动作可以发生于四种不同的时间,表现出四种不同的方式,每一种“时间-方式”构成一种时态,因此英语中 共有16种时态。18 . 一般现在时一般现在时表示现在的状态,如: He is 12. She is at home.表示经常的或习惯性的动作,如:I go to school at 7:30 every day.表示主语具备的性格和能力等,如:She likes apples. They know English.1)动词be肯定式否定式I am.I am not .You are .You are not .He/She/It is .He/She/It is not.We/You/They are .We/You/They are not .疑问式和简略答语Ami.?Yes, you are.No, you are not.Are we . . ?Yes, we/you are.No, we/you are notAre you . . . . ?Yes, I am.No, I am not.Are you . . . . ?Yes, we are.No, we are not.Is he/she/it. . . . ?Yes, he/she/it is.No, he/she/it is not.Are they .?Yes, they are.No, they are not.2)动词do肯定式否定式I like .You like .He/She/It likes .We/You/They like .I do not (don ' t) like .You do not (don ' t) like .He/She/It does not (doesn' t) likes .We/You/They do not (don ' t) like .疑问式和简略答语Do I like oranges?Yes, you do.No, you do not(don ' t)Do we like oranges?Yes, we/you do.No, we/you do not(don ' t)Do you like oranges?Yes, I do.No, I do not(don ' t)Do you like oranges?Yes, we do.No, we do not(don ' t)Does he/she/it like orange s?Yes, he/she/it does.No, he/she/it does no t.Do they like oranges?Yes, they do.No, they do not(don ' t)当主语是第三人称单数时,动词形式有以下几种变化:规则动词原形第三人称单数形式关于初中英语 Unit6 Do you like bananas?help likehelps /helps/likes /laiks/一般动词在词尾加-S,在清辅音后读/S/ ,在swimswims /swimz/浊辅音或元音后读/z/,在t后读/ts/ ,在dlistenlistens /' lis ?nz/后读/dz/ oknowknows /n ?z/playplays /pleiz/getgets /gets/findfinds /faindz/以字母s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词加-es,读/iz/ 。teachteaches如果动词原形词尾已有e,则加s。以。结 尾的动词也加-es ,读/z/ og。goes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先边y为i, 再加-es ,读/z/ ostudystudiesl.like喜欢1) like sb. / sth.喜欢某人/某物2) like to do sth.3) like doing sth喜欢做某事(表习惯性的动作或爱好)我喜欢每天打篮球。I like playing basketball every day.今天很冷,我喜欢呆在家里。Today is cold, I like to stay at home.2 . Do you like bananas? 你喜欢香蕉吗?可数名词可用复数表示一类人或事物。3 .名词的分类1)名词分为“专有名词”和“普通名词”两大类。专有名词是个别的人、事物、 地点等专有的名称,如:Gina, China。专有名词的第一个字母要大写。2)普通名词又可分为下面四类:个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体。如:pen, student, apple集体名词:表示若干个体组成的集合体。如:family, class °物质名词:表示无法分为个体的物质。如:water, broccoli 等。喜欢/想要做某事(表一次性或特指的某一具体的动作)那用英语怎么说?What ' s that in English?It' s an orange. 橘子。in+语言:用某种语言in Chinese/English/Japanese 用汉 /英/ 日语英语中还可用 What' s the English for .?表达同样的含义。What' s the English for 直尺?直尺用英语怎么说?It , s a ruler. 是 ruler 。3. a和an是不定冠词,只用在可数名词单数前面,表示“ 素开头的单词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。指读音,而不是指字母。如:a pen /pen/ 一支钢笔(/p/为辅音音素 an orange /' ?rind ?/ 一个桔子 (/ ?/There/s an "1 " and a " u ” in the word4. P停车场;停车位NBA (美国)全国篮球协会kg 千克;公斤K - E-Y.Spell “pen ” , please.二 Please spell pen.P - E-N.注:please置于句末时,前面要加逗号。a用在以辅音音这里的元音音素和辅音音素是) aUFO为元音音素)“blue ”.请拼读它。请拼读“pen ”。Starter Unit3 What color is it?1. What ' s this/that? 这 / 那是什么?It ' sV.这是 VoV是字母,是专有名词,前面不必加冠词。抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、情感等。如: work, happiness 等。 个体名词和集体名词都是可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词都是不可数名词。3)有些名词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词,但意义不同,要注意区分。glass C.杯子 U.玻璃 orange C.橘子 U.橘汁还有表示动物类的名词,表示动物时是可数名词,作为菜肴时是不可数名词。 chicken C.小鸡 U.鸡肉;fish C.鱼 U.鱼肉salad, ice cream, food, fruit作总称讲是不可数名词,作种类讲是可数名词。She likes hamburgers, salad and apples, a salad of tomato4. good / welll)good adj.好“的”,常用来修饰名词,也可放在系动词后做表语。a good student一 位好学生That sound good.( 表语)2) welladj.好“的”,“健康的”(指身体好)He doesn ' t feel well.他感觉不舒服。adv. “好”常用来修饰动词,放在动词之后。He learns English well.他英语学得好。5.许多lots of = a lot of修饰可数或不可数名词。lots of / a lot of bananas lots of / a lot of watermany修饰可数名词 many boys many bananas1) much修饰不可数名词 much water much broccolithink about 思考;考虑6. sports star 体育明星sport作修饰语时通常用复数形式。如: sports meeting运动会;sports shoes 运动鞋ask sb about sth. 询问某人关于某事的情况He asked me about the meeting.他问我关于运动会的一些情况。7. What do you like for breakfast? 你早餐喜欢(吃)什么?8. For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas, and apples.= She likes eggs, bananas, and apples for breakfast. 她早餐喜欢吃鸡蛋,香蕉和苹果。sb likefor + 某餐= For+某餐,sb. like.(某人某餐喜欢吃什么)one last question最后一个问题12.1 don ' t want to be fat.我不想变胖。want to be"想要成为;想要变得",动词be后接形容词或名词。Do you want to be a teacher?你想成为一名老师吗?I don ' t want to be old!我不想变老!Unit7 How much are these socks?1.询问价格How much is +单数商品?How much are + 复数商品?It ' s 钱 +They ' re + 钱1) What ' s the price of + 商品?It ' s 钱+how many/how much询问数量how many + 可数名词,how much +不可数名词1)你有多少苹果? How many apples do you have?2)你想要多少水? How much water do you want?2. socks袜子,shoes鞋,shortts裤子,trousers裤子等都是成双成对的物品,一般 以复数形式出现,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。但它们和a pair of (一双、一副或一对)连用作主语时,谓语动词要与 pair在数上一致。The shorts are Tom '这s.条短裤是汤姆的。The pair of shorts isTom' s.这条短裤是汤姆的。3. 英美等西方国家的货币单位像dollar (美元)、cent (美分)、pound (英镑)、 penny (便士)、shilling (先令)等有单复数变化。我国的货币单位元(yuan )、 角(jiao )、分(fen )单复数一样。表示货币等度量衡单位的词在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。100 dollars is quite a lot of money for him. 100美元对他来说是相当多的钱。4. Can I help you?我能帮助你吗?此句是主动提供帮助时的服务用语。它的翻译随着场所的不同而不同。在饭店:你 想 吃点什么?在商店:你想买点什么?肯定回答:Yes, please.否定回答:No, thanks.()与 Can I help you? 同义的常用表达还有:What can I do for you?/May I help you?/Is there anything I can do for you?5. want sth 想要某物want to do sth.想要做某事want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事Here you are. 给你。6. It looks nice .它看起来很漂亮。look “看起来;看上去”,连系动词,后接形容 词作表语。1.1 ' 11 take it 我.买了。10 .表感谢的用语:Thank you / Thank you very much / Thanks / Thanks a lot /Many thanks.回答感谢的用语:That ' s all right / That ' /NotsOKat. all./ You ' re welcome.11 . Come and buy your clothes at our great sale!我们在大甩卖,快来买衣服!1) come and do sth来做某事Come and see us.来拜访/看看我们吧。Please come and have dinner with us.请来跟我们吃顿饭吧。2) on sale 廉价出售我们卖的所有服装价格都很优惠。我们卖的所有服装价格都很优惠。for sale 出售We sell all our clothes at very good prices.at very good prices以合优惠的价格12. for的用法1)供 用,给Is this apple for me?Is this apple for me?这个苹果是给我的吗?Here is a letter for your mother.这儿有你妈妈的一封信。2)作 用(表用途)Do you need bags for sports?你需要运动包吗?我需要一个装牛奶的杯子。3)就 而言,对于来说For lunch, I like hamburgers and salad.For lunch, I like hamburgers and salad.午饭我喜欢汉堡和沙拉。For girls, we have T-shirts in all colors.女孩子们可以买到各种颜色的T恤衫。4)以 的价格(表交换、价格)You can buy socks for only 5 dollars each.You can buy socks for only 5 dollars each.你可以买到每双只卖 5美元的袜子。5) for oneself 亲自Come and see for yourself.你亲自来看看吧。13. buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物buy my mother a sweater 二 buy a sweater for my mother给我妈妈买 了 件毛衣 sth 若是代词,只能用 buy sth. for sb. 如:buy it for himhave a look at = look at看一看Unit8 When is your birthday?1. months 月份January 一月February 二月 March 三月April 四月 May 五月 June 六月 July 七月August 八月 September 九月 October 十月 November H月 December 十二月2. 基数词变序数词口诀基变序,有规律,词尾大多加上th o 一、二、三,特殊记, first, second, third;八去 3 九去 e , ve 要用 f 替(eight 一 eighth, nine 一ninth, five 一fifth, twelve 一twelfth ) 遇到整十来结尾,一定将 y 变 ie 再加 th; (twenty 一twentieth, thirty 一 thirtieth)若是碰上几十几,只变个位就可以(twenty-onetwenty-first,thirty-four 一 thirty-fourth)3. date of birth (出生日期)=birthdayH叩py birthday!生日快乐!4. 问年龄用how old+be + 主语?答:主语 + be +基数词(years old )How old are you? =What ' s your age?你多大了 ?-1 ' m fifteen(years old)我 15 岁。1) How old is the baby? 这个婴儿多大了?-He is 10 months old. 他 10 个月大。6. When is your birthday?你的生日是什么时候?=What' s the date of your birth?7. at / on / in 表时间“在 “at通常表在某个点时间。 at 8:00 在8:00 ; at 9:25在9:251) on通常表在某一天或某一天