现在进行时(6页).doc

-现在进行时-第 6 页现在进行时一 定义及结构定义现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作.结构be+动词ing现在分词二 句型结构句型肯定句：主语+be动词+动词ing+其他They are cleaning their classroom.否定句：主语+be动词+not+动词ing+其他She isn't reading now.一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+动词ing+其他Look！Is a bird flying in the sky？Yes, it is./No, it isn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be动词+主语+现在分词+其它？What are you studying？口诀主语在前be在后,现在分词跟着走,其他成分不可丢.变一般很简单,把be 提到句子前,否定句也不难,be后要把not添.还有一点要注意,动作提问doing替.三 现在进行时的用法用法用法例句1·说话的当刻正在发生的动作常见时间标志:now,at the moment等Linda's brother is watching TV now.What are our parents doing at the moment?2·现阶段一直在进行的动作常见时间标志:these days,this week,this month等These days we are helping the farmers work on the farm.They're having a test this week.Mr Cheng is visiting our village this month.3·表示说话人的情感当其与always,often,forever,continually,constantly等副词连用时表示重复的动作,有极大的感情色彩,表示不满或满意She is perpetually interfering in my affairs.她老是干预我的事.（不满）The students are making progress constantly.学生们在不断进步.（满意）4·be going to+动词原形,这一句型表示即将发生的事或打算（准备）做的事,我们把它归在将来时里了I am going to pay a visit on him tomorrow.5·现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作,即是说可以用来代替将来时,但此时，一般要与表示将来的时间状语连用,而且仅限于少量动词.go,come,leave,start,arrive,return,sleep等I am leaving later.We are leaving on Friday.Are you going to Tianjing tomorrow？How many of you are coming to the party next week？6·在句中出现了Look，Listen，Can't you see? 等暗示词时Look! Maria and Tom are dancing under the tree.Listen!Our English teacher is singing the English song.Many children are swimming in the river. Can't you see?7·有的动词用于现在进行时表示“逐渐”的含义.此种用法除了偶尔和now连用外,一般不和其他时间副词连用.适合于此种用法的动词有：bet/grow/become/turn/run/go变成,begin,forget,remember,die,finish,find,rise等Our study is becoming more interesting. The leaves are turning red.The war is ending.Wait a moment; I am finishing my supper.8·有的现在进行时句子和一般现在时同义.用现在进行时表示问者的关切心情.How are you feeling today? （How do you feel today?）I am looking （look）forward to your next visit.Why are you looking（do you look）so sad?9·“be”动词的现在进行时.“be”动词用于现在进行时表示说话者认为是短暂的、和平常不一样的、甚至是伪装的.适合于此种用法的有：foolish,nice,kind,careful细心的，patient,lazy,silly,rude,polite,impolite等表示人的特性、性格的形容词（“be”动词用于现在进行时表示人的行为,纯粹表示心理或生理的状态而不带有行动时或主语不是人时,“be”动词不能用于现在进行时）He is being foolish. 他在装傻He is being honest. 他表现得特别老实She is being rude. 她故意表现粗鲁I can't understand why he is being so selfish.我不明白此时他为何如此自私I am happy.（纯粹的心理状态,不可用am being）He's tired.（纯粹的生理状态,不可用is being）It's hot today.（主语不是人,不可用is being）10.注意根据上下文的暗示，句子的谓语动词可能应用现在进行时Where is Mr Wang?Oh, he is reading a newspaper in the office.11.在时间、条件状语从句中,有时可用现在进行时代替一般将来时When you are passing my way,please drop in.12.著名学者周海中教授曾经指出：作为表语时,英语介词可以表示正在“进行”的动作He is at work. (他正在工作)The house is on fire! (房子着火了)The road is under construction. (路正在修)注意1.其中,现在时表示现在成为习惯或经常性的动作,进行时则表示现在正在进行的动作.He plays tennis well.（现在时表示习惯动作）He is playing tennis well.（进行时表示现在正在进行的动作）2.进行时表示动作在某时正在进行中.某时如果是指现在,则用现在进行时;如果是指过去某时的话,则用过去进行时.They are cleaning their classroom now./They were cleaning their classroom at that time.3. 如果没有表示将来时间的状语，此类句子就可能指现在或现阶段的动作.Where are you going next week？下周你计划去哪儿？用现在进行时表示将来时,因为有next week（下周）这一时间状语.Where are you going？你现在去哪儿？因为没有表示将来时的时间状语,所以就按句型来翻译,即现在进行时.不宜使用现在进行时的动词（A） 表示心理状态、情感的动作：like,love, hate, care,remember,believe,think,know,hope,want,mind,wish,agree,mean, need（B）表存在的状态的动词：appear, exist, lie, remain, seem belong to, depend on（C）表示一时性动作的动词：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete（D）表示感官的动词系动词时：see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look但是,做实意动词动词时,可以用现在进行时.如果hear 不表示“听见”的意思时,可用进行时.They are hearing an English lecture.他们在听一个英语讲座.The doll feels very soft.（系动词）注意have （has ）当“拥有”讲时,无进行时态.但当have（has）当“吃饭、开会玩得愉快”等意思时,可用进行时.We are having a good time.我们玩得很愉快.四 现在进行时和一般现在时的区别一般现在时现在进行时1.表示事物的本质特性或客观存在,没有时限性The table _ soft.（feels) 表特性特征。Japan_in the east of China.(lives)表客观事实2.现阶段经常性、习惯性的行为,可带频率时间.The shop closes at 7：30 p.m.Father doesnt smoke. （习惯）3. 表说话时的状态,感觉或结果,一般用状态动词.如：It doesnt matter. Does it hurt? （感觉结果）4.特殊用法：1)在条件、时间下、在让步从句中用现在时代替将来.If you go there，Ill help you.2)用在begin，come，go，leave，return，open，close 等短暂谓语动词表规定计划The plane takes off at 11：30.（不受主观支配的计划）3)在剧本,解说,标题或there(here）开头的句中表进行There goes the bell/Here comes Mr.Wang.I declare the meeting opens.（正在宣布）He meets the ball and hits back to No.2（正在发生）1.说话时正在发生,进行的动作Look! Dark clouds are gathering.（正在发生）2.表现阶段正在进行,但此刻不一定正在进行的事.He usually gets up at 6：00,but this week he is getting up at 7：00.（现阶段正在进行,但说话时不一定在起床）3.现在进行时的特殊意义1)表示主观打算常用于 go,come,leave,start,begin 等位移、趋向动词How long are you staying here （准备停留）2)表示眼前刚过去的语意即“话音刚落”，适用于tell,say,talk,discuss .You dont believe it You know Im telling the truth.3)表示安慰、关心、喜欢、讨厌等感情色彩。He is always making noises in class.（讨厌）4)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中表示将来正在进行Dont bother him if he is reading this time tomorrow.五 现在分词变化规则现在分词构成口诀现在分词很好记,动词后缀-ing.直接加、去e加、双写加.还有一点要注意ie要用y来替.现在分词变化规则原形-ing形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ingwash,catch,sleep,study,work,jump,go,push,play,cook,look,speak.washing,catching,sleeping,studying,working,jumping,going,pushing,playing,cooking,looking,speaking.以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ingmake,ride,take,dance,write,arrive,drive,move,live,come,have.making,riding,taking,dancing,writing,arriving,driving,moving,living,coming,having.以重读闭音节（重读闭音节是所谓的元音字母不是发它本身的字母音）结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个字母,再加-ingsit,get,swim,cut,put,begin,open,listen,stop,run,fit,forget.sitting,getting,swimming,cutting,beginning,opening,listening,stopping,running,fitting,forgetting.少数几个以ie结尾的动词，要变ie为y,再加-ingtie,die,lietying,dying,lying.以ic结尾的动词,要把ic变成ick再加ingpicnictrafficpicnickingtrafficking【大展身手】1. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly.(NMET 2001)A.is changing B.has changed C.will have changed D.will change2I dont really work hereI_until the new secretary arrivesAjust help out Bhave just helped out Cam just helping out Dwill just help out3Have you moved into the new house? Not yetThe rooms_Aare being painted Bare painting Care painted Dare being painting4. - Whats that terrible noise? - The neighbours _ for a party. （04北京）A have preparedB are preparingC prepareD will prepare5. Listen to the two girls by the window. What language _? (05全国卷3)Adid they speak Bwere they speakingCare they speaking Dhave they been speaking6. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. （05湖南卷）A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning7. - Has Sam finished his homework today? - I have no idea. He_ it this morning. （04全国II）A did B has comeC was doingD had done8. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year.（05山东卷）A. is washing away B. is being washed awayC. are washing away D. are being washed away9. I can guess you were in a hurry. You your sweater inside out.A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing10. They wont buy new clothes because theymoney to buy a color TV set.A. save B. are saving C. has saved D. were saving 11. The traffic in our city is already good and it even better.A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting 12. Are you a visitor here? Thats right. Iround the world and now my dream of coming to Chinatrue.A. have traveled； has come B. was traveling； had been come C. am traveling； has come D. have traveled； has been come13. The children very quiet；I wonder what they up to.A. were； are being B. are being；are C. are；doD. are being；do14. Whats the matter? The shoes dont fit properly. Theymy feet.A. are hurting B. will hurt C. have hurt D. are hurt 15. Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I my mum.A. take B. am taking C. have taken D. will have taken16. I didnt like Aunt Lucy, whowithout warning and bringing us presents.A. always turned up B. has always turned upC. was always turning up D. was always turned up Keys：1-5 ACABC 6-7 DCDDB 11-15 DCBAB 16 C