英语常用短语的用法与练习(23)(11页).doc

-英语常用短语的用法与练习(23)-第 11 页英语常用短语的用法与练习（23）111. pay off得到好结果，取得成功(常用主动语态)；偿清债款；付清工资解雇；(对进行)报复；收买(某人)；例句：At last, his hard work paid off. 最后，他的努力得到了回报。Did your plan pay off? 你的计划成功了吗?It took them three years to pay off the debt. 他们三年才还清欠债。pay短语：pay for付的钱；为而付出代价；pay back sth./pay sb. back sth. 偿还某物/偿还某人某物；pay sb. .for sth. 因某事而付给某人；pay sb. .to do sth. 付给某人去做某事；pay sb. back for sth. 向报复； (1). 单项填空If you go for a long ride in a friends car, its the custom to _ offer to some of the expenses. A. pay B. pay off C. pay for D. pay back The athletes years of hard training _ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up How much did you _ all these things? - Not much. They _ ten yuan. A. cost, spent B. pay for, spent C. pay for, cost D. take, costPlease go on trying. Im sure the efforts you are _ will pay off. A. doing B. giving C. making D. sparing (2). 用pay的相关短语填空After ten years of hard working she finally _ her debt.Our efforts are sure to _ .Have you _ the milkman this week?Have you _ the money _ the bank yet?I will _ you _ next week.112. pick out挑出；选出；辨认出某人或某物；例句：She was picked out from hundreds of applicants for the job. 她是从数百位申请人里挑选出来做这份工作的。 He picked out his sister from the crowd. 他从人群中认出了他姐姐。You may pick out any two books listed here你可以在这图书目录中任选2本。pick短语：pick at小口地吃；pick on选择；（作为挨骂或受罚对象）挑中（某人）；pick up捡起；改良；进步；增加；获得；收听；单项填空：This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can _ my father. A. find out B. pick out C. look out D. speak outHow are you getting on with your business, Tom?Im glad to say it is _ . A. picking up B. making up C. taking up D. turning up She _ his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right. A. looked up B. looked for C. picked out D. picked upThis picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can _ my father. A. find out B. pick out C. look out D. speak out113. in place在适当的位置；适当；例句：I like everything to be in place. 我喜欢所有东西都放在原来的地方。With everything in place, she started the slide show. 一切就绪，她开始放幻灯片。She likes to have everything in place她喜欢把什么事都安排得井井有条。place短语：be in/out of order有条理/无条理；坏了；be in/out of control 正常/失控；be in/out of danger 有危险/脱离危险；in place of.take the place of. 代替；取代；give place to被取代；让位于；out of place不在适当的位置；不合适； (1). 单项填空：His efforts to raise money for his program were _ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. A. in place B. in sight C. in effect D. in vain Can computers take the place of human beings _? No one can tell. A. by the end B. at the end C. in the end D. until the end He is giving her French lessons _ her teaching him English. A. instead of B. in exchange for C. in the place of D. for a change ofThere is nothing to _ the soil in place on the hill side. A. hold B. hold up C. hold back D. hold on (2). 完成句子： 你可以用木柴来取代煤。You can use wood _ coal.棉花要取代丝绸。Cotton is _ silk. 你的提议很恰当。Your proposal is quite _ .114. prevent .from 阻止；制止；例句：The heavy rain prevented us from going there. 这场大雨使我们没能到那里去。This plan will be kept from being carried out. 这计划将被阻止实施。Ignorance and superstition prevent them from benefiting from modern medicine. 由于无知和迷信，他们无法得到现代医学的好处。辨析：prevent/stop/keep/protectprevent, stop, keep与protect四者的常见结构为：prevent .(from) doing sth.；stop .(from) doing sth.；keep .from doing sth.; 均表示“阻止做某事”。上述三个结构中，在主动语态中stop 与prevent后可省去from，但在被动语态中不可省略; 而keep .from .中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。另外，protect .from .表示“保护不受侵袭；阻挡；防御”。from后接能带来伤害或损害的事物。比较：protect.from与prevent.from(1)protect.from sth. 保护免受；既可指防御敌人的攻击，又可指防御自然界的损害，如风雨、日晒、寒冷、炎热、疾病等。如：Oats help lower blood pressure and protect against heart disease. 燕麦有助于降低血压和预防心脏病。He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow. 他抬起胳膊保护脸部以免受一击。(2) . prevent.from的意义是：阻止.做.或阻止某事的发生。如：We must prevent the water from being polluted. 我们必须阻止水被污染。Who prevents their plans from being carrying out? 谁阻止他们的计划不让实施？(1). 单项填空Some policemen should be sent to _ them _ the trees. A. prevent; to cut down B. stop; cutting down C. keep; to cut down D. keep; cutting down It is going to rain today. Take an umbrella with you to_you from the rain. Astop Bprevent Ckeep Dprotect Be quiet! It's rude to _ people when they are talking. A. stop B. introduce C. prevent D. interruptThe notice prevented _.A. to smokeB. him to smokeC. smokingD. him smoking(2). 单句改错Mr. White was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes for the sun._This kind of medicine should be prevented from light._115. protect .from . 保护免受；例句：You must learn to protect yourself from the danger. 你必须学会保护自己，免遭危险。She had to defend herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防备看门狗咬她。A policeman was guarding the entrance to the embassy. 一位警察正守卫在大使馆出口处。It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order. 警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。 比较：protect .from后接较小的事情或危害，如：frost, harm, catching cold。protect .against .后接较大的事情，如：战争、灾害、重税、威胁等。keep sb. from doing sth. prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事；keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事；defend .from/against保卫以抵御 ；辨析：defend/protect/guard/preserve defend 保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）；protect 常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思；guard 含有看守的意思；preserve 指采取措施维护、保护、保存。单项填空The PLA men were _ the city against the attacks from the air. A. defending B. guarding C. preventing D. protecting We must always be already to _ our country _ aggression (侵略). A. protect; from B. guard; against C. defend; against D. prevent; from Use the umbrella to _ yourself from the rain. A. prevent B. protect C. defend D. protection A fence at the back of the garden _ us _ the neighbours but we still often help each other. A. protects; from B. divides; into C. separate; into D. separates; fromKeys:111. (1). CCCC (2). paid off pay off paid paid; to pay; back112. BAAB113. (1). DCBA (2).in place of taking the place of in place114. (1). BDDD (2). forfrompreventedprotected115. ACBD