大学英语长篇阅读教程下2.docx

大学英语长篇阅读教程下册Unit 1I Grew up When I Was 74Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.A) My mother died last year, aged 107. As I was 74 at that time, and as no one is fully grown-up until both their parents are dead (so they say), I probably remained a child well into old age. I was a “bonded“ child. A bonding between mother and child was essential for the wellbeing and healthy development of the baby, and she determined that was how it would be between us. A strong, long-lasting attachment between a baby and mother, father, carer, or whoever, is the most important factor in infant development.B) So I was cherished. She had tried very hard to bond with my brother, born three years earlier, but he had demonstrated that he wasn't having any of it. He was pleased when I arrived, therefore, as it meant that the spotlight of attention moved from him to me. I was the bonding type. My mummy was the best mummy in the world. No one understood me like my mummy, and most importantly no one talked to me like my mummy.Because talk she did. All about her childhood, her mother, her father, herbrothers and sisters, and the First World War.C) She was Mummy. We had the war, we had Hitler but I was always going to be safe because I had Mummy; I was seriously ill but I got better because I had Mummy; we had the 1947 snow and ice for three months but it was fine because, when I got home, I had Mummy and she put my woolen gloves and socks on top of the boiler to dry. In the summer we had a heat wave and she made jugs of lemonade.D) But we all grew up and our perceptions altered. The adult I became found Mother much less perfect than the child had done. I realized that some of her opinions were racist, some were snobbish all were ill-thought out. She was also a nuisance interfering in my life, worrying about my welfare continually and wanting to know every last detail of my existence so that she could worry about me further. She telephoned me daily, we met for shopping trips involving lengthy, conversational lunches and every time we chat I let slip personal information I had intended to keep to myself.E) Why was this? I had no idea. I only knew that the habit of “telling Mummy everything" and "always telling Mummy the truth“ was one I was unable to break. I had given her another rope to reel me back in with. Another rope with which she could bond me. How could I lead an independent life if Mother was always part of it? She criticized my choice of friends, my hairstyle, and my clothes and, of course, any men I associated with were always unsuitable. We argued. She told me she wanted me to be happy. I told her she was possessive. She said she didn't have a daughter any more. I said she was being melodramatic. She cried. I told her to shut up. She told me I had turned into a horrible person. I cried. I said sorry. She said sorry. So it went on. Year after year.F) I married, I became a television producer, and I ran a career. I retired. I got divorced.(t4I told you he wasn't suitable “)I married for the second time at the age of 68.("Make sure he looks after you “)I was a mature woman. In confidence and experience I had outstripped her. But I remained “bonded”. I joked about it."It's fine being a bonded child 一 but when you are over 60 and still bonded to your mother you wonder what's going on. But I couldn't say,“Listen, Mother, I don't agree with you over so many things; you may think we see eye to eye, but, frankly, we don't. I am not who you think I am. I am me and I don't want to be like you.G) When she reached 100 she began to worry about me again.44You will be on your own when I die. When you're old, who's going to care for you? You won't have a daughter to look after you.“Well, good, I said."That means no long-suffering female child will have to put up with my deafness, my demands, my irritability and the general strain imposed by the elderly on their young.H) But I wondered how I would feel when she did die. She made it clear that it was no fun being a blind, partially deaf centenarian.4tI keep hoping that when I wake up there won't be any me,“ was how she put it. At her age and with her health problems, she was in the “death zone”. When it happened, how would I sort my feelings out? The affection, the disagreements, the anger all mixed up through the length of time we had been together and stirred into the conversations and the confidences we had shared. How would I be able to grieve?I) I did know that her brain and her heart were failing. I also knew I could not live with her and look after her. She knew that too. Uncomplainingly, she went into a care home. I made up my mind that it was time my bonds were broken; time for me to distance myself from her. I asked her to repeat some of the stories she had told me about her girlhood. Dementia made it difficult. She said:"My poor mother she had that terrible thing that came down and chopped her head off and she died. It was difficult for her to manage after that.”J) But the more we talked, the closer I came to understanding. She was a product of her upbringing as an Edwardian child and her conditioning, as a suburban mother and housewife in the 1940s and 50s. I saw that the opinions I objected to were skin-deep born of her background. I saw her as child, wife and mother and realized her identity was rooted in these.K) At 106 she started having falls. Her balance had gone. They took her to hospital where she lingered horribly because at first they tried to keep her alive. When finally they agreed to simple hydration, I held her hand in her last hours and, just for a moment, I licked the back of it, kitten-like as I had done as a child for a joke. She half-smiled. The next morning she died. And I wept. But I had come to terms. I grieved and I forgave, and I finally realized what the confusion of emotions was that we had felt for each other over 74 years. The resentment, the laughter, the anger, the affection, the attachment - the bonding. That's love, that is.(1144 words)1. My brother, three year older than me, didn't like to be cherished and bonded by mother.2. My mother was worried that if she dies nobody would look after me since I didn't have a daughter.3.1 wasn't able to break the habit of always telling my mother the truth.4. My mother went into a care home and this was the time to break the bonds with her.5. A strong bonding relationship between child and mother is critical to the healthy growth of the baby.1. 1 realized that the confusion of emotions that both of us held for each other was love.7. I came to understanding my mother better after I knew more about her childhood and her situation later as a suburban mother and house wife.8. I remained “bonded“ with my mother even though I thought I had more confidence and experience.9. When I grew up, I didn't want to be bonded anymore, but my mother kept interfering in my life.10. My mother suffered from being blind and partially deaf when she was over 100.Notes:1. bond v.结合，粘合，团结在一起e.g. Common interests bonded the two countries together.共同的利益把两个国家联系在一起。You need a strong adhesive to bond wood to metal.你需要强力胶才能把木料粘在金属上。2. spotlight n.注意的中心，聚光灯e.g. She is tired of being in the spotlight.她对自己老是成为公众注意的中心已感厌倦。However, dating under the spotlight rarely leads to long-lasting love.但这种聚光灯下的约会难以产生持久的爱情。3. lemonade n.柠檬水4. perception n.观念，看法e.g. Our perception of things is often influenced by subjective factors.我们对事物的看法常受到主观因素的影响。He presents his perception of imagist poetry.他提出了他对意象派诗歌的看法。5. nuisance n.讨厌的人（或事物）e.g. He was nothing but a nuisance and a rascal.他是一个十足的讨厌鬼和恶棍。Having to stand in line was a nuisance.不得不排队是件麻烦事。6. let slip无意中说出，错过e.g. The girl let slip that she had been a witness to the accident.那女孩无意中说出她是该事故的目击者。He would never let slip a good opportunity through his fingers.他决不会错过任何良机。7. reel v.卷,绕e.g. Help me to reel up this powerful fish.帮我收绕钓线拉起这条大鱼。When you're sure that you have hooked the fish, reel in at once.当你确信鱼已经上钩时，赶紧收卷钓线。8. associate with 和来往e.g. My father never allows me to associate with those who have their hair dyed and arms tattooed.老爸从来不许我结交那些又染头发又在手臂上纹身的人。We'd better not to not to associate with immoral people.我们最好不要跟不道德的人交往。9. melodramatic adj.耸人听闻的，夸张的e.g. It is a melodramatic plot full of deceit and murder.那是一个充满欺骗和凶杀的耸人听闻的情节。Don't you think you're being slightly melodramatic?你不觉得你有点夸张吗？10. outstrip v.超过，胜过e.g. His newspaper outstripped its rivals in circulation.他的报纸在发行量上超过了他的对手。Nevertheless, demand will still outstrip supply.但是，需求仍然超过了供给。11. irritability n.易怒，暴躁e.g. Signs of overwork are nervous tension, irritability and indigestion.过分劳累的征候是神经紧张、烦躁易怒和消化不良。Men are easier to get irritability than women.男人通常比女人跟容易暴躁。12. centenarian n.百岁老人13. sort out 整理e.g. I went to sort out my bedside table.我去整理我的床头。Please help me to sort out these cards.请帮我把这些卡片整理好。14. grieve v.悲伤，哀悼e.g. They grieved at the loss of a family member.她们为失去的家人哀悼。We grieve for him at this very sad time.在这非常悲伤的时刻我们向他表示哀悼。15. perspective n.看法，观点e.g. She has a great perspective on marriage.关于婚姻，她有非常好的题点。The answer depends on your perspective.答案依你的个人观，点而定。16. dementia n.痴呆17. Edwardian adj.爱德华时代的；爱德华七世时代的18. linger v.苟延残喘e.g. The old man lingered several months after the heart attack.老人心脏病发作之后拖了几个月才去世。There5s no way of knowing how long she'll linger.我们无法知道她还会撑多久。19. hydration n.（医）输水，输液20. come to terms妥协，让步，屈服，达成协议e.g. But in the end, he wonders if people will never come to terms with this.但他最终不禁怀疑，人们是否永远都不会对此妥协。He found the king in no mood to come to terms.他发现国王无意达成协议。Unit 2Effects of Exercise on People with Chronic DiseasesDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.A) Randi considers the Y.M.C.A. her lifeline, especially the pool. Randi weighs more than 300 pounds and has borderline diabetes, but she controls her blood sugar and keeps her bright outlook on life by swimming every day for about 45 minutes. Randi overcame any self-consciousness about her weight for the sake of her health, and those who swim with her and share the open locker room are proud of her. If only the millions of others beset with chronic health problems recognized the inestimable value to their physical and emotional well-being of regular physical exercise. t4The single thing that comes close to a magic bullet, in terms of its strong and universal benefits, is exercise,Frank Hu, epidemiologist at the Harvard School of Public Health, said in the Harvard Magazine.B) I have written often about the protective roles of exercise. It can lower the risk of heart attack, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, depression, dementia and 12 kinds of cancer. But what if you already have one of these conditions? Or an ailment like rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, congestive heart failure or osteoarthritis? How can you exercise if you're always tired or in pain or have trouble breathing? Can exercise really help? You bet it can. Marilyn Moffat, a professor of physical therapy at New York University and co-author with Carole B. Lewis of "Age-Defying Fitness(Peachtree,2006), conducts workshops for physical therapists around the country and abroad, demonstrating how people with chronic health problems can improve their health and quality of life by learning how to exercise safely.C)'The data show that regular moderate exercise increases your ability to battle the effects of disease,Dr. Moffat said in an interview.4iIt has a positive effect on both physical and mental well-being. The goal is to do as much physical activity as your body lets you do, and rest when you need to rest. In years past, doctors were afraid to let heart patients exercise. When my father had a heart attack in 1968, he was kept sedentary for six weeks."Now, heart attack patients are in bed barely half a day before they are up and moving," Dr. Moffat said.D) A progressive exercise program is to increase the ability of the heart to pump oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood more effectively throughout the body. The outcome is better endurance, greater ability to enjoy life and decreased mortality. The same goes for patients with congestive heart failure."Heart failure patients as old as 91 can increase their oxygen consumption significantly,Dr. Moffat said. Aerobic exercise lowers blood pressure in people with hypertension, and it improves peripheral circulation in people who develop leg pains when they walk. The treatment for it, in fact, is to walk a little farther each day.E) In people who have had ministrokes,“gradually increasing exercise improves blood flow to the brain and may diminish the risk of a full-blown stroke,Dr. Moffat said. And aerobic and strength exercises have been shown to improve endurance, walking speed and the ability to perform tasks of daily living up to six years after a stroke. As Randi knows, moderate exercise cuts the risk of developing diabetes. And for those with diabetes, exercise improves glucose tolerance less medication is needed to control blood sugar and reduces the risk of life-threatening complications.F) Perhaps the most immediate benefits are reaped by people with joint andneuromuscular disorders. Without exercise, those at risk of osteoarthritisbecome crippled by stiff, deteriorated joints. But exercise that increases strength and aerobic capacity can reduce pain, depression and anxiety and improve function, balance and quality of life. Likewise for people with rheumatoid arthritis.4tThe less they do, the worse things get," Dr. Moffat said."The more their joints move, the better. Exercise that builds gradually and protects inflamed joints can diminish pain, fatigue, morning stiffness, depression and anxiety, she said, and improve strength, walking speed and activity. Exercise is crucial to improving function of total hip or knee replacements. But “most patients with knee replacements don,t get intensive enough activity,5 Dr. Moffat said.G) Water exercises are particularly helpful for people with multiple sclerosis, who must avoid overheating. And for those with Parkinson's, resistance training and aerobic exercise can increase their ability to function independently and improve their balance, stride length, walking speed and mood. Resistance training, along with aerobic exercise, is especially helpful for people with chronic