2021年河北省高考英语总复习：阅读理解（附答案解析）.docx

2021年河北省髙考英语总复习:阅读理解1. Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition （学费），because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves： nursing. She chose the UW - Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four - year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree： Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68 - year - old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all , she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed（牺牲）to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. "Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying fbr exams or papers, " she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first - generation graduate and an inspiration to her family - and that's pretty powerful.（1） What did Jennifer do after high school ? A. She helped her dad with his work.B. She ran the family farm on her own.C. She supported herself through college.D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.(2) Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield? A. To take care of her kids easily.B. To learn from the best nurses.C. To save money for her parents.D. To find a well - paid job there.(3) What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? A. Her health.B. Her time with family.C Her reputation.D. Her chance of promotion.(4) What can we learn from Jennifer's story? A. Time is money.B. Love breaks down barriers.C. Hard work pays off.D. Education is the key to success.2. The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further - changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in ground water. "We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day, " explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three - and - a -half hours. The light, about one - thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self - powered street lamps.In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a on - off treatment that would last the planfs lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch1' where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源) - such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway - a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传 输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.(1) What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.(2) What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers*? A. To detect plants' lack of water.B. To change compositions of plants.C. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.(3) What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future? A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.(4) Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Can we grow more glowing plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollution - free?3. Heads up! Across the country, sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes. Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions - serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.*'By raising awareness of the serious risks associated with concussions and ensuring that the appropriate guidelines are in place, we can reduce the number of young athletes who may return to the game too soon, which can put their health at further risk, "said AMA Board Member Jack Resneck Jr M. D. in a statement.The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to their sport with a doctor's written approval. The policy also sets age - specific rules for health care professionals and athletic organizations in evaluating and caring for concussions.According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a concussion is a type of traumatic (仓伤) brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth. This type of movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist inside the skull (颅骨). It can damage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain.The CDC says that between 1.6 million and 3.8 million traumatic brain injuries caused by sports and recreation - related activities occur in the U. S. every year. A study from the Center tor Injury Research and Policy showed that as many as 40% of high school athletes return to playing before they should. The AMA's new guidelines should help to bring those numbers down.(1) Why does the AMA set the new guidelines? A. To raise safety standards of sports.B. To protect athletes from concussions.C. To set rules for health care evaluation.D. To help players return to the game quickly.(2) What should young athletes who may have a concussion do?A. Avoid using the head.B. Leave the field forever.C. Get treatment in time.D. Switch to another sport.(3) What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. What a concussion is.B. What causes damage to brain cells.C. How the CDC works.D. How a concussion can be prevented.(4) Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Rules for Safer PlayB. Sports Injuries in the USC. Advice to AthletesD. New Policies for Doctors4. Some parents will buy any high - tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math - related skills.Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition (认知)after controlling for differences in parents' income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child - parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age."The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate (旋转)and translate shapes, *' Levine said in a statement.The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher - income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active duringpuzzle play than the parents of girls.The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.(1) In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play? A. Building confidence.B. Developing spatial skills.C. Learning self - control.D. Gaining high - tech knowledge.(2) What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment? A. Parents' age.B. Children's imagination.C. Parents' education.D. Child - parent relationship.(3) How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play? A. They play with puzzles more often.B. They tend to talk less during the game.C. They prefer to use more spatial language.D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.(4) What is the text mainly about? A. A mathematical method.B. A scientific study.C. A woman psychologist.D. A teaching program.5. With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独)，more families are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother - in -law： she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.Four years ago they all moved into a three - storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor."We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house, " says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in： "We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing fbr Nick to live with his mother -in - law.”And what does Nick think? "From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would. nIt's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising fbr some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325, 000 in 2001 to 419, 000 in 2013.Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents； many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25 - 34 - year - olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world, where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married.(1) Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol? A. Nick.B. Rita.C. Kathryn.D. The daughters.(2) What is Nick's attitude towards sharing the house with his mother - in - law? A. Positive.B. Carefree.C. Tolerant.D. Unwilling.(3) What is the author's statement about multigenerational family based on? A. Family traditions.B. Financial reports.C. Published statistics.D. Public opinions.(4) What is the text mainly about? A. Lifestyles in different countries.B. Conflicts between generations.C. A housing problem in Britain.D. A rising trend of living in the UK.6. After the cure of pneumonia, Wuhan Dad reread the letter his daughter left at the bedside, tears filled his eyes. In the second vlog series, make a video call to a friend in Wuhan, China Daily reporter Xiao Peng interviewed three Wuhan residents by video and phone, among whom three have just been released from isolation. Their lives have been transformed by pneumonia (肺炎)caused by the new coronavirus (冠状病毒).The first interviewee was Tian Fuxin from Wuhan. He was admitted to hospital on January 20 and discharged from hospital on January 30 after 10 days of isolation treatment.*'When I was admitted to hospital, I was very anxious. But after a few days I was OK. And if you're infected by the novel coronavirus, the government covers your medical expenses. Our meals are the same as the doctors' and nurses"."Every time I saw them in their protective gear, I felt moved because I know that stuff must be awful to wear, with goggles fogged up and so on. I can't thank them enough. Those patients who were discharged early like us are very grateful to the people who helped us, because without them, it's hard to say how we could have survived."Worried about his daughter's safety, the family had her back to the university in Shanghai before the closure. She was quarantined in Shanghai on the first day of the lunar New Year and was recently confirmed to be well enough to end the quarantine. The daughter left her father a letter in which she read between the lines her guilt not being able to accompany him and her love for him."I can't look after you every time you are in hospital. I was right with you, though I didn't realize how ill you were. Nothing could be done except get away. " "Dad, I love you. After growing up, I think I've never said that. You must hold on. I can't live without you, Dad. *' "Don't be pessimistic. Little psychological tricks are helpful. You have to tell yourself I am feeling better.Because of infectious virus as well as its outbreak Tian Fuxin fell ill, experiencing a period of fighting the disease. However, he received the words his daughter had not long been able to speak out "Dad, I love you.”(1) Whom does the underlined word "them" in the fourth paragraph refer to? A. Wuhan residentsB. medical staffC. the three intervieweesD. the government