大学英语四级长篇匹配阅读20篇.docx

大学英语四级长篇匹配阅读20篇大学英语四级考试阅读部分试题的第二部分是长篇匹配阅读，要求考生阅读一篇1000词左右的文章并完成10道题目。长篇匹配阅读考查考生运用专门的阅读技能来阅读文章的能力，包括用略读获取文章大意和用查读获取特定信息。3.1大学英语四级长篇匹配阅读答题攻略一、题型介绍1 .文章包括两类：带小标题的文章和无小标题的文章带小标题的文章的每一部分都有一个总括性的小标题，通常这个小标题就是该部分内容的概括性总结，且每一小标题下的内容通常是相对独立的。无小标题的文章没有明显的内容间隔，对于这类文章，需通过略读找出主题句或主题词，特别要注意每段的句首和句尾。2 .题目类型：句子表述对应文中段落2006年6月2007年6月，这部分是快速阅读部分，阅读后的题目为：前面7题为是非判断题，2007年12月2013年6月的快速阅读部分的前面7题为选择题；后面3题题型不变，为填空题，要求考生根据文章内容把句子补充完整。而在2013年12月的四级考试，快速阅读变为长篇匹配阅读，篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。二、命题规律1 .长篇匹配阅读题目设置时，将几句话整合或者将段落的大意、段落中的具体信息作为考察点。题目的顺序不再按文章顺序，而是打乱了，需要考生找到题目与文章项匹配的段落。2 .包含时间数字、大写字母、人名、地名、机构名称等特别的信息点处往往是命题的重点。3 .标点符号处常设考点。文章中的标点符号往往是为了更好地解释前面的内容，所以可以利用标点符号，如破折号、小括号、冒号等，推断不认识的单词或句子的含义。三、定位技巧长篇阅读篇幅长、时间短，因此如何快速确定答案所在的位置极其关键。选取定位词时有两个标准：特殊性和细节性。文章中多次出现的词汇不是定位词，只有那些出现次数少、具有明显识别性的词才是定位词。长篇匹配阅读的定位技巧与以前的快速阅读时定位类似。题干中比较容易定位的关键词包括：1 .数字、地点、大写、斜体、人名的单词数字包括时间、分数、百分数、货币数和普通数值等，这类词容易在原文中找到，可轻松定位。例：Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.（2013年12月样题）地点一般都具有唯一性，其首字母是大写，考试时应注意原文中的不同地点会对应不同的信息。例：The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.（2013年12月样题）大写单词一般是组织机构等的缩写或是对某事物的特定称谓，在考查该地区、该事件等相关问题时作用时可帮助定位。例：What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?（2009年6月）斜体一般是在考查与斜体相关的信息时出现，可在原文中快速找到。人名通常是和某个机构名称或其职务连用，如Scott Friedhoff, Allegheny's vice president,在考查某人的观点态度或研究发现时常利用人名进行定位。例：What do Hong Kong diners welcome, according to Welsh executive chef David Tamlyn?（2011年6月）2 .拼写较长、以连字符连接的词这类词在原文中的出现次数很少，因此可根据题干中的长难词有效确定答案的位例：Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration.（2013年12月样题）global integration表示"全球一体化"是常见的搭配，在文中很容易就能找到。3 .文章小标题长篇匹配阅读有时在文章中会出现多个小标题，而每个小标题后都对应特定主题的内容，做题时可根据题干信息找到相应小标题，缩小做题范围。四、解题技巧利用定位技巧找到题干在原文中的大体位置后，如何确定题目答案同样有迹可循1 .注意逻辑关系词在将题目与原文进行对应时，要学会挑拣有信息的地方精读，其中原文中表示逻辑关系的词要注意：a.因果关系：as a result, therefore, hence, consequently, because, for, due to 等。b.并歹U、递进关系：and, or, then, in addition, besides, in other words, moreover 等。c.转折关系：however, but, yet, in fact 等。d.表示比较：on the contrary; by contrast; compared with,.than.等。运用这些词可帮助确定题目的考查点，例如出现表示转折关系的词时，转折的作用一般是对前面的否定，对后面的肯定。2 .运用标点符号要学会运用小括号、破折号、冒号等。通常这些标点符号是为了进一步解释前面的信息，而快速阅读的词汇相对来说比较简单，可以很容易理解标点前的被解释信息，因此在做题时可将这些符号之后的信息略去不读，从而节省做题时间。3 .同义替换四级长篇匹配阅读部分，有时题目并不一定是原本的内容，而是使用了同义转换,因此做题时注意原文中换一种说法以后设置的题目。有的题考查文章主旨、段落大意，通常可在文章的首末句子、首末段落处查找。五、解题步骤在做长篇匹配阅读时，除了要有较快的阅读速度，还必须掌握一定的做题方法,考生可参照以下步骤进行答题：1 .先看题目定方向长篇匹配阅读篇幅长、时间短，因此在做题时必须带着目的在原文中有选择有方向地阅读。考生应先看题目再看文章，首先利用题目中的时间、数字、大写、人名等关键词快速定位答案在原文中的位置，接着再读文章。2 .定位判断很轻松相对于深度阅读而言，长篇匹配阅读中"找"甚于"懂"，因为它不像深度阅读的选项那样具有极强的干扰性，因此只要题干中的某些关键词出现在文中锁定的位置,就可以确定正确答案了。3.2大学英语四级长篇匹配阅读高分特训20篇Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Please read the following passages and answer the questions.基础篇Passage 1题材：社会生活字数：1170建议用时：14分钟Digital Book Is a True Revolution for Blind PeopleA） No longer do printed books torture me with all the things I'm missing, writes Peter White, who is blind. The book is a familiar theme. Indeed, it came up yet again in this newspaper's letters pages earlier this week. The point of this latest evil speaking against the rise of the eBook was that physical books leave a trace, can be passed on, enhance a room, reignite a memory. And yet for most of my life, greedy and indiscriminate book reader though I am, the printed book has been nothing but a tease （取笑）：a will-othe-wisp holding out what might be possible, only to grab it away as soon as I reach for it.B） I was born blind, and reading for me has always meant braille （盲文）.I've had much fun and satisfaction from books, but they are the one case where I've not been able to stick to my rule of not sorrowing for what I couldn't have. With only a tiny proportion of books published available in braillewell less than 1%the world's literature was not so much offered up to you as hung in front of you.C） It was a subtle form of torture: just enough to suck you in, no chance to do that reader's thing, start to finish, in an orgy （狂欢）of excess. And this is where my love-hate relationship with the printed book, and the bookshop, starts. I remember going into them with my mum, running my fingers along the shelves, letting the edges of pages slip through my fingers. Was this, perhaps, Five Go Bungee-Jumping, or William and the Outlaws Learn to Rap? It's been no better since I've been an adult, although instead of Blyton, Crompton and Frank Richards, Tve obsessed about the latest Sebastian Faulks, tacky bonkbuster or political biography. I have all the sensory aspirations of the book-loverthe smell of the paper; the satisfying crack of opening a new book; the pleasingly rounded feel of the spine（脊背）一with none of the satisfaction of reading them.D） I suppose at this point I had better anticipate stopping the flood of suggestions from puzzled well-wishers, wondering that I have not heard of the talking book. I have, of course, and very good some of them arebut it's not reading, is it? Yet there's good news. This column is not to be a sustained complaint. There is a happy ending. I have just spent much of my holiday browsing in bookshopsand not as a form of self-flagellation （自罚） but looking for books I am actually going to be able to read. The much-maligned （被毁谤） technological revolution has come up with the answer I thought I would never live to see: braille books, virtually on demand. It's now possible, with the right combination of hardware and software, to buy a book at 9am, scan it page by page, and then use a screen-reader to render it either into synthetic speech, or into braille, and be reading it by lunchtime.E） If this were all, it would be a great advance; but you don't have to be tied to the computer to read your book. You can download it on to a flash card, which you can insert into a portable braille reader. Result: hundreds of books on each tiny card, at the touch of a button. Again,1 know this is not new. It's been around for at least 15 years. But I am a natural Luddite, and have had to go through the four stages of finding out about it, learning to believe that it had anything to do with me, figuring out physically how to do it, and finally allowing it to revolutionize my life.F） There are drawbacks, some of which I'll come to, but just let me glory for a little longer in the freedom to browse at all. I am now a familiar figure in the bookshops of Winchester, especially the secondhand ones, of which we're lucky enough to have quite a few. It has to be mainly secondhand ones, because like a kid in a sweetshop, particularly a kid who wasn't allowed sweets for a long time, I am in danger of gorging （狼吞虎咽）myself and making myself sick. Secondhand is the only way of keeping my spending under some sort of control.G） I suspect I'm not a universally popular browser.1 need a companion to find the right section, to read titles and reviews and maybe even the beginning of the bookall the things typical browsers do, but not aloud. I don't find secondhand bookshops tediousthere's good-fellowship among book huntersbut even so,I sometimes feel the growing disapproval of the quiet carriage on the train:“Well stand one phone call, but not three/1H) I'm quite happy with my companion-in-chief, a book-loving son who over the years has patiently read and abstracted books for me, and is now trying to decide whether the role of browser and scanner-in-chief is more or less struggling. Over the past couple of weeks, in the delightful disordered chaos that is secondhand bookshops, I've managed to pick up everything from a cultural survey of the Weimar republic to an essay on goalkeeping, via biographies as disconnected as Marie Antoinette and Kim Philby; try out authors whose names have caught my fancy in reviews, such as Alison Lurie; and make random decisions about what I read, rather than have those decisions made for me by the equally random fancy of the committee that decides what is put into braille. Suddenly, I can pursue impulses, such as my search for Cynthia Asquith's ghost stories, or a decent account of the South Africans in England in 1955.I) It's not perfect yet. Scanning books page by page is tedious; variations of type and print size can often produce equally variable results, which require skillful editing to make readable; and every time someone upgrades software or changes an operating system, you find yourself back at square one. With books being produced electronically as a matter of course, publishers, authors and agents could be much more helpful. Surely a way of making digital versions of books available to blind people prepared to pay for them, or borrow them under clearly defined conditions, could be devised without bringing down the publishing industry in an explosion of piracy? While we wait for the publishers and the blind organizations to get their fingers out, we blind readers take matters into our own hands, passing our scanned books quietly among ourselves like kids with drugs on street corners. But hey! For a few of us lucky enough to have the equipment, the money and the help, things are so much better today. Now it's me who is able to take as many books on holiday as I like, all packed on those little cards, while my wife has to limit herself to three or four paperbacks. The days of War and Peace in 21 braille volumes, slipping the postman's disc as he staggers up the path, are nearly over.1. Now, instead of submitting to the decisions made by the equally random whim of the committee that decides what is put into braille, the author can make random decisions about what he reads. Less less than 1% of books published are available in braille, thus the rise of ebooks will cause the author's sorrow for the books.3. . The reason why the author mainly chooses the secondhand bookshops is thatin that way he can keep his spending under control.4. The reason for recent evil speaking against the eBook was that physical books could be passed on and leave a trace while ebook could not.5. . The intention of the author's spending much of his holiday browsing in bookshops was to look for books that he is able to read.6. Now it's the author's wife who has to limit herself to three or four paperbacks, while the author can take as many books on holiday as he like, all packed on those little cards.7. Compared with the normal book-lover, the author can't enjoy the content of reading the books.8. The braille reader is not perfect yet for variations of type and print size can often produce equally variable results, which requires skilful editing to make readable.9. The author chose to use the portable braille reader after 15 years since its invention because he needed some time to get to know it, learn it, and then use it.10. Though he thinks the secondhand bookshops boring, the author sometimes feels the growing disapproval because of much ring of phones.文章大意本文讲述了一位盲人使用电子书的感受，从之前只有很少的书籍有盲文版本，到现在通过使用阅读器可以将所有的书都转换成盲文，极大地方便了盲人中那些渴望读书的人。参考答案及解析1. H 定位由 equally random whim of the committee 可定位到 H 段倒数第二句。解析该句提到作者现在可以对自己要读什么书做任意的决定，而不是“听从那些决定将哪些书制成盲文的委员会的任意的决定"。2.B定位由sorrow for可定位到B段第三句。解析该句指出“只有一件事作者不能坚持自己的原则，即不为自己不能拥有的而伤心”，后面接着提到“是因为只有很少一部分的书籍有盲文版本”。3 .F定位由secondhand可定位到F段后半部分。解析作者用小孩吃糖果的例子来说明为什么必须是二手书店，最后一句指出“二手书店在某种程度上是控制花销的唯一的一种方式”。4 . A 定位根据evil speaking against the eBook可定位到A段第四句。解析该句指出"最新抨击电子书的焦点是电子书不像纸质书可以留下痕迹，可以传递，可以扩充房屋，可以点燃回忆等"。5 .D 定位由 holiday, browsing in bookshops 可定位到 D 段中间。解析该句指出“假期的大部分时间我都在书店里浏览，不是为了自罚，而是寻找我真正可以读的书”。6 . I 定位由 to limit herself to three or four paperbacks 可定位到1段倒数第二句。解析这句话提到"现在是我可以在假期的时候随便带多少书，把它们都装在这些小卡片里，而我的妻子却只能带三四本纸质书”。7 .C定位由book-lover可定位到C段最后一句。解析作者和那些爱书人"有同样的感官渴望一纸张的味道，新书翻开的响声带来的满足，抚摸圆形书脊的那种开心感觉一但却没有一点来自读书的满足”。1.1 定位根据not perfect yet可定位到I段。解析该段前几句提到"目前的技术并不完美，一页页的扫描书很乏味，而且不同的类型和打印尺寸经常会得到不同的结果，这需要熟练的编辑技术才能做到轻松易读”。9 . E定位根据题干中portable braille reader,15 years可定位到E段。解析该段后半部分提到作者知道“这种技术不是很新，它已经存在至少15年了，但是他是一个天生的勒德分子"，接着作者解释了什么是勒德分子，即必须经过四个阶段才能去使用这种技术的人。10 .G 定位由feels the growing disapproval可定位到G段后半部分。解析作者指出“有时候会感到逐渐增多的不满：我们可以忍受一个电话，但不是三个”，即作者不满有太多的电话响声。reignite卜,再点外重新激起 torture （tortje n.& m梅间（便）痛苦 indiscriminatejndis'kriminit时.不加选择的anticipateaentisipeitj'r.陵期，摧前使用；抢在前tediousMr乏味的.单调的，冗长的evil speaking 诽谤adhere t。坚特，拈酎i拥护,追随be obsessed about 着迷的词汇装备Passage 2题材：社会生活字数：1120建议用时：13.5分钟Why Integrity MattersWhat Is Integrity?A The key to integrity is consistencynot only setting high personal standards for oneself （honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness） but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical （道德上的）standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.8. What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse （缺失）of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky Business9. Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism （票!）窃）may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is “unintentional“ does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"10. Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses:"Everyone else does it.""I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade/1 Excuses can get very elaborate:"I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers, not copying/1 We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're makingand that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public