大学英语3试题库.docx

一、 Harvard University named historian Drew Gilpin Faust as its first female president on Sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor （接任者）to Lawrence Summers . The seven-member Harvard Corporation elected Faust, a noted scholar on History of the American South and dean of HarvardJ s Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, as the university' s 28th president."This is a great day, and a historic day for Harvard." James R. Houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. uDrew Faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedicated （献身的）teacher, and a wonderful human being.” Her selection is noteworthy given the heated debates over Summers1 comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs. Faust has been dean of Radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former women' s college was combined into the university as a research center with a mission to study gender issues （性另U问题）.Some professors have quietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. No scientist has had the top job since James Bryant Conant retired in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, law, literature and economics. Faust is the firstHarvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since Charles Chauncy, a graduate of Cambridge University, who died in office in 1762. She attended the University of Pennsylvania."Teaching staff turned to her constantly." said Sheldon Hackney, a former president of the University of Pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with Faust."She' s very clear. She has a sense of humor, but she' s very strong-minded. You come to trust in her because she' s so solid.”B、 She is a famous scholar from the American South.2、Lawrence Summers held the view that.D、 few women make top scientists owing to genes 3、 Which might be the best title for the passage? A、 Harvard named its 1st female president.4、This passage probably appears in a .D、 newspaper report二、 To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your students; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under you control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear. Watch a good teacher, and you will see that hedoes not move motionless before his class; he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanation, and his face to express his feeling. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality and musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn't mean he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher's word and the actor's. The actor has to speak words which has been learnt by heart, he has 1、A good teacher .A、 knows how to hold the interest of his students2 In what way is a teacher,'s work different from an actor''s?()C、 he has to deal with unexpected situations.3、 The main difference between students in class and theatre audience is that ().D、 the students must take part in their teachers' plays 三、 You have been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give you a blood transfusion because you lost a great deal of blood in the accident. However, special care must be taken in selecting new blood for you. If the blood is toodifferent from your own, the transfusion could kill you. There are four basic types of blood: A, B, AB, and 0. A simple test can indicate a person's blood type, which, like hair color and height, is inherited from parents. Because of substances contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B.0 can give to any other group; hence, it is often called the universal donor. For the opposite reason, AB is sometimes called the universal recipient. However, because so many reactions can occur in transfusions, patients usually receive only salt or plasma (liquid) until their1、A good title for this passage is .C、 Human Blood Types2、 The word "hence" in line 10 means C、 therefore3、In a blood transfusion, it is easiest to find the acceptable type of blood for a person with the blood type of C、AB4、 The purpose of using salt and plasma before a blood transfusion is to allow time .B、 for matching the blood to be transfused with the patient's blood5、 Most Europeans have blood type C、0四 In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their Field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor, s degree. Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the dev1、 In the Middle Ages students D、 never wrote exams2、 The main idea of paragraph 2 is D、 examinations are now written and timed3、 The kind of exam where students must select answers is . B、objective4、 Modern industry must have developed. C、around the 19th century5、 It may be concluded that testing. C、 has changed since the Middle Ages五 How can a single postage stamp be worth $16800? Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors. A mistake on one inexpensive postage stamp has made the stamp worth a million and a half times its original value. The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony Mauritius , a small island in the Indian Ocean. In 1847 an order for stamps was sent to a London printer - Mauritius was to become the fourth country in the world to issue stamps. Before the order was filled and delivered, a ball was planned at Mauritius ' Government House, and stamps were needed to send out the invitations. A local printer was instructed to copy 1、A postage stamp' s value to collectors is raised if ().C、 a mistake is made in the printing2、The mistake in the locally printed postage stamps was in the ().B、wordin3、$16800 is the collectorJ s value of (). C、 the TwopennyBlue 4、Which one is implied but not stated? D> Collectors are constantly looking for stamps with mistakes.5、 The best title for this section is ()B、 The Twopenny Blue六、In the United States,30 percent of the adult population has a "weight problem”. To many people, the cause is obvious: we eat too much. But scientific evidence does little to support this idea. Going back to the America of 1910, we find that people were leaner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less, and didn't watch TV. Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people do not eat more on average than thinner people. In fact, some investigations, such as a 1979 study of 3,545 London office workers, report that, on balance, fat people eat less than slimmer people. Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University found the following interesting fact: The more the man ran, the greater loss of body fat. The more they ran, the greater their increase in food intake. Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.1、 What kind of physical problem do many adult Americans have?C、They are too fat2、 Based upon the statistics given in the article, suppose there are 500 adult Americans, about how many of them will have a weight problem*?D、150.3、Is there scientific evidence to support that eating too much is the cause of a "weight problem"?C、There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this.4、In comparison with the adult American population today, the Americans of . A、ate more food and had more physical activities5、What have modern medical and scientific researches reported to us?A、 Fat people eat less food and are less active.七、Motor vehicles powered by the internal combustion engines are responsible for over 80 percent of the deadly carbon monoxide as well as the cancer-causing substances in the air. Eighty-nine percent of the vehicles on the road in Massachusetts are privately owned and are often operated with only one person in the car. If people would use public transportation instead of their cars, air pollution levels could be significantly lowered. Thirty percent of the land in downtown Boston is devoted to cars. Where there are garages, there could be gardens. Where there are highways, there should be homes and places to work and play. Studies show that people today show a greater hearing loss with age than ever before. Much of this is due to car-horns, loud engines and general traffic noise. The cost of a personal car is high to the individual. The average person pays about $2,000 per car per year in gasoline, insurance, taxes, and maintenance. But for society as a whole, personal cars are a luxury we cannot afford. We pay in death from auto accidents, in poor health from air pollution, in loss of hearing from noise pollution, and in the destruction of our cities by the ever-increasing number of highways.1、 It is that are the main cause of the air pollution in Boston. D、 personal motor vehicles2、It is implied but not stated that .C、 C garages have replaced most of the gardens in Boston3、According to the last paragraph,.D、 society as a whole suffers much from the ever-increasing number of cars4、The writerJ s purpose in writing this article is to.C、 urge people to use private cars as less as possible5 The best title for this passage is ".”D、 Public Transportation, A Solution to Air Pollution八、Moscow, Russia (Space news)"The computer is a better chess player, insistedViktor Prozorov, the loser. It seemed as if it were laughing after every good move. I know I should have beaten it for the sake of mankind (人类)，but I just couldn't win", he announced and shook his head sadly. Prozorovs disappointment was shared by several grand masters who were present, some of whomwere so upset that they shouted at the machine. Many chess players said that this meant the end of chess championships (冠军)around the world, since the fun had been taken out of the game. The computer walkedor ratherrolledaway with 5000 dollars in prize money and limited its remarks to a set of noises and lights.1、 Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article?() D、Computer defeats man in chess!2、How did some of the grand masters feel about the chess game between Prozorov and the computer?() D、They were unhappy that the cProzoro didn,'t play well.3、What was it that Prozorov felt most bitter (痛苦)about?()C、That he had lost to a machine.4、After wining the game, the computer () D、gave out some lights and sounds5、Many chess players felt that playing with a computer would ()B、 make the game less interesting九、Under normal conditions, the act of communication requires the presence of at least two persons: one who sends and one who receives the communication. In order to communicate thoughts and feelings, there must be a conventional system of signs or symbols that mean the same to the sender and the receiver. The means of communication are too numerous and varied for systematic classification; therefore, the analysis must beginwith the means of receiving communication. Reception of communication is achieved by our senses. Sight, hearing, and touching seem to play the most important roles. Smell and taste play very limited roles, for they cannot receive intellectual expression from fully developed systems of sings and symbols. Examples of visual communication are gesture and imitation. Although both frequently accompany speech, there are systems that rely solely on sight, such as those used by deaf, and dumb persons. Another means of communicating visually is by signals of fire, smoke, flags, or flashing light. Feelings may be simply communicated by touch, such as by handshaking or backslapping, although a highly developed system of hand-stroking has enabled blind, deaf, and dumb persons to communicate intelligently. Whistling to someone, applauding in a theater, and other forms of communication by sound rely upon the ear as a receiver. The most fully developed form of auditory communication is, of course, the spoken language. The means of communication mentioned so far have two features in common: they last only a short time, and the persons involved must be relatively close to each other. Therefore, all are restricted in time and space.1、Reception of communication . C、 involves use of the senses2、Applauding is specifically mentioned as an example of.A、 communication by sound3、Persons who cannot see, hear, or speak are able to communicate through . D、hand-stroking4、 The author specifically mentions that speech isD、 the most developed form of communication based on hearing 5、 According to the passage, means of communication C、 have some limitations even if they are fully developed 十、Prehistoric men and women enjoyed a more varied diet than people do now, since they ate species of plant and several hundreds thousands types of living things. But only a tiny percentage of these were ever domesticated. Modern shops have hastened a trend towards specialization which began in the earliest days of agriculture. The food of the rich countries has become cheaper relative to wages. It is speedily distributed in supermarkets. But the choice annually becomes less and less great. Even individual foods themselves become more standardized. We live in the world of carrot specially blunted in order to avoid making a hole in the bag, and the tomato grown to meet a demand for a standard weight of weighting tomatoes to a kilo. Siri von Reis asks:"Only the three major cereals （谷物类食物）and perhaps ten other widely cultivated species stand between famine and survival for the world,s human population and a handful of drug plants has served Western civilization for several thousand years. A rather obvious question arises: Are we missing something?* After all, there are 800000 species of plant on earth.1、In prehistoric times people.C、had a wide-ranging diet2、Most of us have come to expect. D food conforming to a set standard3、The specializat