新视野大学英语4册听力Unit3原文.docx

devastate v.压倒incentive 刺激league联盟needy贫困的exempt n被免除者 v免除recipients 接受者food stampsdisincentives起抑制作用的行动/措施array大批,大量define v 定义demonstrate vpreconceive v预想,事先想好incorporate v 结合get downbreak downget throughUnit 3I. Understanding Short Conversations1. W: I think it's great that the government is giving you money during this hard time, but shouldn't you do something yourself to get on your feet?M: What? You think I'm lazy? I'll tell you how hard I'm trying to find a job.Q: What do we know from the conversation?2. M: According to these rules, you can get more welfare money if you have children.W: Sure I could. But having children would also cost a lot of money of money-so I don't see welfare benefits as an incentive to giving birth. Besides, I'm happier by myself.Q: What can be inferred from this conversation?3. W: True enough, the man is blind. But you've got to admire what he's done- started his own company and became rich.M: He really has done a lot. On top of all that, he's really nice person.Q: What are the speakers talking about?4. W: Hi, honey. I'm sorry, I've some really bad news tell you. I'm afraid. Management have made cuts, and I've lost my job.M: Oh, oh dear! That's terrible. But- you didn't like that job very much anyway. Maybe this is a good chance to find something new. Don't get down; think positive.Q: What does the man think?5. W: 1 was sure your patient would be devastated when he was told that he would die within a month. I'm really surprised.M: Maybe it hasn't hit him yet. When he has time to think about it, he'll probably break down. But for now, yeah, he seems to have taken it very well- he's very brave.Q: What can be inferred from this conversation?6. W: Hey, I just noticed something. The player, that one right there in the middle of the field, he's missing a hand.M: It took you long enough to notice. Yeah, he's one of the top players in the league. And look, he isn't the only one. That one over there is also missing a hand.Q: What are the speakers doing?7. W: This divorce is really getting me down. All I think about these days is how to end it all. I just feel like dying.M: Don't talk that way, please. Everyone has troubles at some time in their lives. You're strong really, and you'll get through it just as long as you're positive.Q: According to the man, What should the woman do?8. W: I hope you don't mind me asking- but what's it like to not be able to see? I imagine it's terrible.M: Actually, I've been blind since birth, so I don't really know what I'm missing. And, you know, it really isn't so bad. This is just normal life to me.Q: Why doesn't the man feel bad?9. M: Give it to me straight, doctor. What am I going to have to tell my mom and dad about my condition?W: I wish I had better news for you. Unfortunately, the operation didn't work as well as we'd hoped. It doesn't look as if we can save your legs. Let me call your parents in so we can talk about the next step together.Q: What is the relationship between the speakers?10. W: Mary isn't complete blind, just 70%. So she can see 30% of what you and I can, and much more than poor George.M: Yeah. George, he can only see about 5% of what we can see. I can't imagine what it must be like for him.Q: How blind is George?110: C D C B B, B A C A B11. Understanding a Long ConversationM: There's a check in your mailbox from the government. It almost looks like a benefit check.W: That's because it's a benefit check. I've been getting benefits from the government for the last 20 or so years on account of my condition.M: Condition? I didn't know anything was wrong whit you.W: You're kidding, right? We've been friends for 30 years, and you didn't know my condition?M: Is it that you haven't had a job for the last 25 years?W: I haven't had a job in 40 years, my whole life- because I'm blind!M: You're blind? You never told me this!W: I shouldn't have to tell you. You should be smart enough to know! Why do you think I have a dog leading me around all the time?M: You're an animal lover?W: Ugh! Why do you think I wear sunglasses all the time?M: I thought you were just being cool.1. What are the speakers talking about?2. How long have the speakers been friends?3. What do we know about the woman?4. What should be a clear hint of the woman's condition?5. What do we know from the conversation?15: A B D C BIII. Understanding a PassageWhat to do about the poor and needy is a concern of every government. The US is not exempt from this concern, but care for its poor has changed over time. Until the Great Depression of the 1930s, state and local governments in America bore some responsibility for providing assistance to the poor. However, such assistance was minimal at best.The New Deal policies of President Franklin D. Roosevelt included new federal initiatives to help those in poverty. With millions of people unemployed during the 1930s economic depression, welfare assistance was beyond the financial resources of the states. Therefore, the federal government provided funds for maintaining a minimum standard of living, either directly to recipients or to the states.Between 1935 and 1996, federal programs were established that provided additional welfare benefits, including medical care, public housing, and food stamps. By the 1960s, however, criticism began to grow that these programs discouraged people from finding employment. Even defenders of public welfare benefits acknowledged that the system was imperfect: noting the financial disincentives associated whit taking a low-paying job and losing the array of benefits, especially medical care.1. What is the passage about?2. What must the government worry about?3. What can be inferred from the passage?4. When did the federal government begin adding to the New Deal benefits?5. What do we know from the passage?15: A B D B CHomework Supplementary ListeningTasklM: Hey. Something is different about you today? What is it?W: You*ve noticed my new haircut?M: No. Ifs something else. Now, what is it?W: My dog?M: That's it! You don't have your dog with you today. Where is he?W: He's been acting strangely lately, so I sent him back to the dog training school.M: Of cause he has been to school. He's my eyes, you know. He had to be taught how to help me find my way.M: Will you be able to find your way to class today without him?W: Yeah. My sister is just over there paying for some shopping. I'm just waiting fbr her. When she gets back, we might go to another store and she'll help me to the classroom. She's a big help, but I really miss my dog.M: OK, then. I'll see you later. Don't forget, today is the day of the test.W: I won't! I spent half of last night doing homework in preparation for it.1. Who has been acting strangely lately?2. What is the woman's sister doing during the conversation?3. What can be inferred from the conversation?4. Where is the conversation taking place?5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?15: B C A D CTask2If you're trying to reach a compromise, a good first step is to define your goal and encourage the other person to do the same. Then share any information that might help you to reach a compromise.A good second step is to listen carefully to the other person's point of view. Don't interrupt. Don't agree or disagree. This will not only ensure that you understand her point of view, but will also demonstrate that you're willing to listen to what she has to say.Next, put aside any preconceived notions you have about the "right" way to accomplish your goals. Then force yourself to think of at least one other way to accomplish them that incorporates both your ideas.Don't think vertically, in other words, one-up-one-down, or I'm-right- you're- wrong. Think laterally, instead- place her idea and yours on a straight line, side by side, and add more ideas as she and you come up with them.You'll end up with TWO good ideas in the pot- yours and your co-worker's. And when two reasonable people are willing to compromise, they're likely to come up with a third way of accomplishing goals- one that satisfies both.1. What is this passage about?2. What can be inferred from the passage?3. What should be put aside?4. What does vertical thinking involve?5. What will be achieved in the end?15: B A C B CTask31. September 2. retire 3. retirement 4. reduction 5. practical 6. pensions7. leisure8. The club arranges discussion groups andt handicraft sessions9. A member can attend any course held there free of charge10. The financial section on Mondays and Wednesdays between six and eight p.m.